• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 1999

In this short note, we construct another form of Stirling`s asymptotic series by new form of Carlitz`s q-Bernoulli numbers.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.82-104
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• 2022

One of the interesting social phenomena in short-form video platforms is the hashtag challenge wherein ordinary users are encouraged to create by imitating short viral videos on a particular theme. Despite the increasing popularity of hashtag challenges, theoretical discussion on related user behavior is still very insufficient. In this study, we attempted to examine the impact of micro-influencers in order to understand users' willingness to participate in hashtag challenges. For this purpose, the para-social interaction theory and imitation behavior literature were adopted as key theoretical basis. In an empirical investigation using 243 survey data from TikTok users, our study found that a user's illusion of intimacy with a micro-influencer (i.e., para-social interaction) had significant positive impact on the intention to participate in a hashtag challenge. This study also showed that the degree of para-social interaction in a short-form video platform was determined by both media content-related factors and media character-related factors (i.e., content attractiveness, physical attractiveness, and attitude homophily). Our work in this study provided significant theoretical and practical implications on how to leverage micro-influencers for the success of hashtag challenges in a short-form video platform.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.375-388
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale-Short- Form in patients with cancer. Methods: The original scale was translated into Korean using Brislin's translation model. The Korean Short-Form and the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General were administered to 164 Korean patients with cancer using convenience sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. Construct validity, criterion validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency reliability of the Korean Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale-Short-Form were evaluated. Results: Exploratory factor analysis supported the construct validity with a four-factor solution that explained 60.6% of the total variance. Factor loadings of the 15 items on the four subscales ranged .52~.86. The four-subscale model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (Normed ${\chi}^2=1.38$ (p=.013), GFI=.92, SRMR=.02, RMSEA=.05, TLI=.94, and CFI=.95), and criterion validity was demonstrated with the Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-General. Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency of the total scale was .83 and ranged .68~.81 for all subscales, demonstrating sufficient test-retest reliability. Conclusion: The Korean version showed satisfactory construct and criterion validity, as well as internal consistency and test-retest reliability.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2021

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the emotional characteristics of adults who complained of fatigue using the Core Seven Emotion Inventory-Short Form (CSEI-s) followed by correlation analysis with the Chalder fatigue scale (CFQ) and Psychosocial Well-being Index-Short form (PWI-SF). Methods: In this study, the medical records of 45 participants who complained of fatigue and completed the CSEI-s, CFQ, and PWI-SF were evaluated. Records of a total of 45 adults were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 25.0). Frequency Analysis, Descriptive Analysis, Independent t-test, One Way ANOVA, and Correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Results: 1. According to the educational status of the participants, Thought (思) was identified to be significantly higher in below college graduate than in graduate school and above. 2. As the period of complaining of fatigue increased, a significant difference was observed in Depression (憂) and Fright (驚). 3. According to the degree of fatigue, there was a significant difference in Depression (憂) and Fright (驚), and especially Depression (憂) was higher in the middle fatigue group than in the low fatigue group. 4. PWI-SF, Anger (怒), Depression (憂), and Sorrow (悲) showed a positive correlation with CFQ scores. Conclusions: The results suggest that CSEI-s can be used to measure the psychological symptoms of a patient with fatigue.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.241-257
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• 2022

Objectives: To investigate emotional characteristics of healthy adults using the Core Seven Emotions Inventory-Short Form (CSEI-s) and to investigate the correlation between the CSEI-s and Korean version of the Perceived Stress Scale (K-PSS). Methods: Overall, 2,178 healthy adults aged ≥19 years who completed the CSEI-s and K-PSS in a nationwide multicenter study were included in this study. One-way analysis of variance was performed to identify associations of seven emotions with sociodemographic characteristics. Bonferroni corrected post-hoc tests were performed for multiple comparisons. Pearson's correlation analyses were conducted to examine the correlation between each emotion and stress. Results: Scores of all emotions except for joy (喜) and stress were significantly greater in women than in men. However, the score of joy (喜) in women was significantly less than that in men. There were significant differences in joy (喜), thought (思), depression (憂), fear (恐), and fright (驚) according to age groups in both men and women. The score of depression (憂) was significantly lower in women attending or graduating from graduate school than in those attending or graduating from undergraduate school. Significantly lower scores in joy (喜), thought (思), depression (憂), sorrow (悲), fear (恐), and fright (驚) were observed in married men than in single men. There were significant positive correlations between depression (憂) and stress and between sorrow (悲) and stress in both men and women. Conclusions: There were significant associations of seven emotions with sociodemographic characteristics in healthy adults.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.11
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

In this paper, a simple analytical model for deriving the threshold voltage of a short-channel intrinsic-body SDG SOI MOSFET is suggested. Using the iteration method, both Laplace equations in intrinsic silicon body and gate oxide are solved two-dimensionally. Obtained potential distributions in both regions are expressed in terms of fourth and fifth-order of the coordinate perpendicular to the silicon channel direction. Making use of them, the surface potential is obtained to derive the threshold voltage in a closed-form. Simulation results show the fairly accurate dependencies of the threshold voltage on the various device parameters and applied bias voltages.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.45 no.7
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• pp.9-16
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• 2008

In this paper, a simple analytical model for deriving the threshold voltage of a short-gate SOI MESFET is suggested. Using the iteration method, the Poisson equation in the fully depleted silicon channel and the Laplace equation in the buried oxide region are solved two-dimensionally, Obtained potential distributions in each region are expressed in terms of fifth-order of $\chi$, where $\chi$ denotes the coordinate perpendicular to the silicon channel direction. From them, the bottom channel potential is used to describe the threshold voltage in a closed-form. Simulation results show the dependencies of the threshold voltage on the various device geometry parameters and applied bias voltages.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.58-71
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was performed to identify workers' Job stress status and to analyse the influencing factors. Method: Data were collected from 456 workers with Korean Occupational Stress Questionnaire Short Form(KOSQ SF) and analysed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA. Results: Total job stress status of men was slightly lower than Korean workers' standard. In case of women, the score of total job stress was lower than Korean workers' standard. The most significant influencing factors to stressors were insufficient sleeping time and self cognitive bad health condition. Among seven domains of job stressors, job demand was affected by 8 characteristics. Conclusion: This study indicated that workers' job stress level were various by their characteristics except workplace size. The development of stress management programs by types of industry is required. On the base of the model program, planning of customized program for every company or employee is required. High job demand, insufficient job control, insufficient sleeping time, bad health condition are the key factors of workers' job stress in this study. The change of workers' health behavior with supportive environment is essential to stress management program. More researches for adding physical environment domain to KOSQ SF are expected.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2006

Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD) recruits and activates procaspase-8 through interactions between the death effector domains of these two proteins. Cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) was identified as a molecule with sequence homology to caspase-8. It has been postulated that c-FLIP prevents formation of the competent death-inducing signaling complex in a ligand-dependent manner, through its interaction with FADD and/or caspase-8. However, the interaction of FADD and $c-FLIP_s$ (short form) in apoptosis signaling has been controversially discussed. We show the purification and the characterization of human full-length FADD and $c-FLIP_s$ expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified FADD and $c-FLIP_s$ are shown as homogeneity, respectively, in SDS-PAGE analysis and light-scattering measurements. The folding properties of the $\alpha$-helical structure of FADD and the super-secondary structure of $c-FLIP_s$ proteins were characterized by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Furthermore, we report here a series of biochemical and biophysical data for FADD-$c-FLIP_s$ binding in vitro. The binding of both FADD and $c-FLIP_s$ proteins was detected by BIAcore biosensor, fluorescence measurement, and size-exclusion column (SEC).

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.333-343
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• 2019

Purpose: This study sought to develop the Breastfeeding Adaptation Scale-Short Form (BFAS-SF) for use at 4 weeks postpartum, to test its validity and reliability, and to examine its measurement invariance. The latent mean score of the BFAS-SF across multiple groups was also compared. Methods: This methodological research study was conducted to develop a short form of the BFAS and to test its psychometric properties and measurement invariance. Data were collected twice for measurement invariance testing. The sample included 431 and 272 breastfeeding mothers at 2 weeks and 4 weeks postpartum, respectively. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis supported six dimensions of the BFAS-SF at 4 weeks postpartum. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis revealed evidence for invariance of the BFAS-SF according to employment status, parity, delivery mode, and the postpartum period. There were statistically significant latent mean differences. Mothers who were unemployed and who had a vaginal delivery showed significantly higher scores for breastfeeding confidence, sufficient breast milk, and baby's satisfaction with breastfeeding. Conclusion: The BFAS-SF is valid, reliable, and an appropriate instrument for assessing mothers' breastfeeding adaptation. It can be used to compare mean scores according to employment status and delivery mode.