• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.40
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• pp.1-31
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• 2015

The Korean animation that has relatively short history compared to the Western Europe and Japan's animation started out from the non-commercial short-piece animation produced as part of advertisement animation and culture movie in the later part of 1950s. In 1960s, the culture movie animation reflecting for the Movie Act and cultural policies has hardly been mentioned in the history of Korean animation, but they are the precious cultural work produced prior to the theatrical long-piece animation. In particular, compared to the 15-second short CF animation, the short-piece animations are ranging for 4 minutes to 10 minutes as the work pieces with the historic value to measure the level of the Korean animation at that time. in 1960s, approximately 20 short-piece animation works were produced and they contained the educational contents to enlighten general public in the process of modernization policy. Those short-piece animations produced in cultural movie at the National Film Production Center of Korea had been produced not only in cell-facilitating cartoon animation, but also in paper animation and puppet animation. In this background, this thesis takes a close look to the short-piece animation works produced in the National Film Production Center of Korea in 1960s. While there was almost no studies of early short-piece animation other than CF works, it is meaningful to discover and analyze the works, and, Director Park Young-il, Director Han Sung-hak, Director Jung Do-bin, Director Shin Dong-hyun, Director Nelson Shin and others participated in the creative work process have worked as the animation directors for theater that the analysis on the works would be considered as important fundamental studies to understand the Korean animation. Under this thesis, it is intended to study the historic implication and formative characteristics around some 10 work pieces to affirm participating personnel, including directors, for the short-piece animation created by the National Film Production Center of Korea as well as the situation of time to launch the National Film Production Center of Korea in 1960s. Through this effort, it is intended to come up with the starting point to process enriched researches on non-commercial short-piece animation as well as contemplation on the Korean animation history that have been neglected in the study of the Korean animation history through such effort.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.48
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• pp.1-22
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• 2017

Independent short animation was the expression method for young animation creators through creative and progressive representation. Since the birth of animation, independent short animation has become a driving force for qualitative development and diversification of animation. This has brought many works to the world that emphasize experimentation and challenges in the history of animation and in countries that have the rich animation resources such as France, Japan, and Canada, they recognize its importance and supports young creators in order to maintain the value of it. However, Korean animations are evaluated the quality of works by the popularity of the children, moreover, companies that focus on developing and selling products, including toys, rather than animation works themselves and public awareness that accepts them are formed throughout the Korean animation industry. Because of these points, Korean animation creators can not express the creative vision for the future and philosophical awareness of the problem and they are trapped in commercial animation markets. In order to re-leap and expand the Korean animation industry, which has reached the saturation level with infant animation, it is necessary to reestablish the value of independent short animations with challenging and experimental characteristics and requires the creative environment and support system for the diversity of Korean animation industries, including the achieving commercial goals through good planning, story development and technological innovation. For this purpose, this paper analyzes the current state of production, screening, distribution, and government support of independent short animation in Korea, and explores the structural problems and solutions.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.14
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• pp.101-114
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• 2008

This article studied that the characteristics of the movement image shows clearly through the controlled movement which the experimental short animation film shows. Animation makes the short edit like live action film. In addition animation shows the movement image positively by redefining the relationship between the frames. By using the concept of the movement image, this article says the movement in animation is not only the technique but also the essential factor which makes the audiences recognize animation and causes emotion in them and the important factor which reveals the meanings of each animation.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.840-849
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• 2020

Walt Disney Feature Animation released high quality films such as 'Frozen', 'Big Hero 6', 'Wreck-it Ralph', 'Zootopia', 'Moana', 'Frozen 2' and not only got high score in box office but showed great CG and visuals. However, making feature animation requires a lot of time, money, and efforts so it is very important to support studios' artists to finish each show within limited budget and time. This paper shows artists' training program such as 'Short Circuit' and 'Bootcamp' that walt disney feature animation provides their artists to improve their creativity and do their jobs artistically and efficiently. Disney's training program not only provides artists various training classes but gives them chances to work on short animation which enhances artistic skills and enable them to work in different departments and experience different tasks. This paper also explains some training cases of CG studios in South Korea and Disney Animations' in-house tools.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.97-104
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• 2016

This study suggests a technique to implement the production of animation by blending between key frame animation and motion capture animation through short animation 'Drip.' It reduced the time taken to produce an animation by not only enabling efficient process management through mutual organic connection but also conducting a process of mutually making up for weak points of key frame animation and motion capture animation. Through this, it was intended to be helpful in efficient animation production by overcoming the limitation of key frame animation and motion capture animation and perceiving and applying a complex process.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.19
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• pp.51-64
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• 2010

Although there has been a significant technological and representational achievements in domestic animation industry since the beginning of the 21th century due to the high expectation and boost in production, domestic long and short film animations have been less favored compared to foreign animations because they are less entertaining. For small scale productions including students, it is easier to create short film animations due to small budget and short time frame. In addition, as shown in Pixar animation studios case, production of short film animations can lead to success in production of long film animations from better ideas and technology improvements. This research studies factors that contribute to entertainment and humor of short film animation by examining Pixar's short film animations based on Henri Bergson's comedy factors, which are shape, movement, situation and language, and personality. The most noticeable fact is that the humor by situation is found in all short films. Comedy aspect shown in the form of character's internal characteristic is something that has to be considered from the beginning of character design. Contribution of language is minor compared to movement or gesture, which are more often used to cause humor. Finally, character's personality has to be clear and decided beforehand in order to create comedy situations. After studying various short film animations, I found out that the more successfully humorous an animation is, the more it uses various combinations of the above mentioned comedy factors. By fully analyzing and adopting commercially and artistically successful Pixar's short film animations as the benchmark, planning and production of domestic short film animations can perform entertainment role both domestically and globally.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.6
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• pp.221-250
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• 2002

After MIPA of Annecy International Animation Festival in 1997, the North Korean animation has been spot-lighted in the world including the south Korean animation companies. And increasing the economic cooperation between South and North Korea, a few case of intra-Korean cooperation for animation is starting practice now. But in the internal situation there is little short of information and data about North Korean Animation. Therefore this study will be intended to examine the past and present of the North Korean animation, to present the possibility of inter-Korean cooperation project etc.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.38
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• pp.29-51
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• 2015

With the progress in high speed internet networks, mobile devices and social networking, the eco-system of the media has shifted from that where the flow of content was one-way from the producer to the consumer. A so-called 'prosumer' culture has taken root where the consumer himself produces media content. Along with these trends, various video-sharing platforms such as youtube has a method of allocating advertisement profit to the content producer, offering a win-win platform for content pro-sumers. This allows the channels to attract several tens of millions of subscribers and raise an annual income of over 10 billion Won, marking a revolutionary change in the content industry. This paper seeks to analyze video distribution channels and short-form media content that are showing continuous growth to identify new markets where animated content can make progress in an era of online video media platforms, as well as provide a future direction for small teams of creators of animated films to survive and thrive in this environment.

• 한국만화애니메이션학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.12-22
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• 2011

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.105-114
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate how to express Surrealism techniques in Chris Landreth who is very famous for 3D short such as Ryan. The case works are focused on 'the end', Chris Landreth's early work. He set up situation of the absurd and describes human being's alienation in animation. A phase of social life is not only revealed with vivid colors and his own surrealism techniques but communication capacity of 3D animation is also shown. Digital Technology, reproducing impossible images is not all about 3D animation. As well as this, it is not far away the way of creating arts. 3D animation will be shown the new possibilities with extension and harmony of all kinds of arts expression.