• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.542-555
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• 2011

Internet shopping malls have rapidly developed within the economic recession due to changed lifestyle according to digitalization. Furthermore, customers in the 20~30s, the main consumer base of internet shopping malls in Korea, have begun to enjoy the new cultural trend of party culture, thus creating a new fashion market combining party and fashion. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze design characteristics of internet party-wear shopping malls to provide guidelines and to present basic data for design development of party-wear in internet shopping malls. Research method was used by combining literary research with empirical research of analyzing design by capturing pictures of internet party-wear shopping malls. The following conclusion was drawn from research results. First, Party-wear consumption of internet shopping malls is increasing along with the increased sales of clothing fashion products of internet shopping malls. Second, design analysis results regarding 11 internet shopping malls selling party-wear was presented that consumer emotion and trend were combined according to distinct characteristics to display romantic style, romantic style mixed with modern or casual characteristics, sexy, and etc. Third, dress was presented as the most common item with 52.3% in item analysis executed on 588 pictures captured in 11 shopping malls. Ribbon was shown as the most common detail and trimming item, with 28.7%, and corsage and frills were each presented as 13%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.642-653
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• 2002

The purposes of this studs were 1) to identify web navigation values and classify consumers based on these values and 2) to determine differences between consumer groups and between types of shopping mall in evaluation of website attributes when shopping apparel. The data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire from 204 male and female students who experienced shopping at the website, living in Cheju and analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis and t-test. Two factors of navigation value were found and labeled as; information value and entertainment value. Two groups were identified based on navigation value; users of information value (53%) and users of entertainment value (47%). Significant differences between two groups were found in evaluating website attributes selling products of various types regarding apparel products and processes for information search, order and payment. However, for shopping mall website selling only apparel products, differences between two groups were not significant in evaluating most attributes except for two items to evaluate apparel products. Differences between shopping mall types (shopping malls selling products of various types and selling only apparel product) were significant in evaluation of internet users of information value regarding attributes of apparel products while differences between shopping mall types were not significant in evaluation of users of entertainment value regarding all attributes. Internet users of information value showed favor to shopping mall website of department store type chi e internet users of entertainment value showed favor to shopping mall website selling only apparel products.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.71-83
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to classify career women's apparel shopper type by analyzing clothing shopping orientations and to compare the classified shopper types on store evaluative criteria, information sources, and demographic characteristics. The questionnaire was administered to 328 career women aged 20∼59 years. The data were analyzed using factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, MONAVA, and x² test. The results of this study were as follows: Eight factors of clothing shopping orientation derived by factor analysis. Four shopper types were classified by cluster analysis: Apathetic shopper, High shopping involved shopper, Conformable shopper, Economic shopper type. Store evaluative criteria, information sources and demographic characteristics were significantly different among four shopper types.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.726-736
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify VMD structural elements of apparel stores, and related variables. The related variables are contained shopping orientation, store types, consumer satisfaction and the intention to purchase in apparel stores. The data was collected from a questionnaire conducted on 378 female adults and was analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANDVA, regression, Duncan test, and reliability analysis. The results were as follows: (1) VMD structural elements of apparel store consisted of four factors: coordination/fitness, fashionability, attractiveness, and functionality. Shopping orientation consisted of six factors: recreational, rational, fashion oriented, convenience oriented, price conscious, and brand conscious. Shopper types consisted of four groups: recreational type shopper, economic type shopper, high involved shopper, and convenience oriented shopper. (2) Significant differences were find out between those shopper types and VMD structural elements. Significant differences were find out between store types and VMD structural elements. (3) VMD structural elements(coordination/fitness, functionality, fashionability) were influenced consumer satisfaction and the intention to purchase.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.148-167
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• 2020

Today, digital shoppers express increasingly complex buying behavior. They can use multiple channels for shopping and also they can switch from one to another channel almost effortlessly, in the result of engaging in omnichannel shopping behavior. A few years ago, consumers were using brick and mortar stores to make their purchases. However, nowadays, they possess different digital devices (mobile and/or desktop) to search for different alternatives and to make a better shopping choice. These devices (mobile and desktop) are different and offer unique benefits to consumers. However, there has been very little research that has treated mobile and desktop devices separately. Perhaps this study is the pioneer when it comes to investigating the effect of regulatory focus (prevention vs. promotion) and chronotype (morning and evening person) on a sample of university students using desktop and mobile channels for their shopping. The findings from a sample of 312 digital consumers (mobile and/or desktop) confirmed that the desktop channel provides a greater fit for morning-type respondents and that the mobile channel offers better value for evening-type respondents in e-retail. Furthermore, promotion-focused shoppers favor the mobile channel, and prevention-focused shoppers favor the desktop channel. The new insights and contributions of this study provide a better understanding of digital consumers to help sellers to develop a more effective e-retail strategy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.244-258
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• 2006

Previous studies from marketing domain suggest that the concept of involvement plays an important role in explaining consumers' purchase behavior. Despite its critical role and the explosive growth of e-commerce, there has been little research examining the role of involvement in Internet shopping mall context. With this motivation, this study has two research objectives. First, it introduces and tests a theoretical model in order to better explain consumers' intention to purchase in Internet shopping malt context. The proposed model extends and integrates existing models on purchase intention by incorporating purchase experience, innovativeness, and perceived self-control as consumer factors and perceived risk, information provision, and perceived price as Internet shopping mall factors. Second, this study attempts to shed some lights on how involvement differences may affect consumers' intention to purchase. For this purpose, two factors from involvement theory, involvement type and involvement level, are introduced as moderating factors into the research model. The empirical results partly support the proposed model and identify the moderating effect of involvement differences. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed along with its limitations.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.19-41
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• 2016

Recently, the proliferation of mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet personal computers and the development of information communication technologies (ICT) have led to a big trend of a shift from single-channel shopping to multi-channel shopping. With the emergence of a "smart" group of consumers who want to shop in more reasonable and convenient ways, the boundaries apparently dividing online and offline shopping have collapsed and blurred more than ever before. Thus, there is now fierce competition between online and offline channels. Ever since the emergence of online shopping, a major type of multi-channel shopping has been "showrooming," where consumers visit offline stores to examine products before buying them online. However, because of the growing use of smart devices and the counterattack of offline retailers represented by omni-channel marketing strategies, one of the latest huge trends of shopping is "webrooming," where consumers visit online stores to examine products before buying them offline. This has become a threat to online retailers. In this situation, although it is very important to examine the influencing factors for switching from online shopping to webrooming, most prior studies have mainly focused on a single- or multi-channel shopping pattern. Therefore, this study thoroughly investigated the influencing factors on customers switching from online shopping to webrooming in terms of both the "search" and "purchase" processes through the application of a push-pull-mooring (PPM) framework. In order to test the research model, 280 individual samples were gathered from undergraduate and graduate students who had actual experience with webrooming. The results of the structural equation model (SEM) test revealed that the "pull" effect is strongest on the webrooming intention rather than the "push" or "mooring" effects. This proves a significant relationship between "attractiveness of webrooming" and "webrooming intention." In addition, the results showed that both the "perceived risk of online search" and "perceived risk of online purchase" significantly affect "distrust of online shopping." Similarly, both "perceived benefit of multi-channel search" and "perceived benefit of offline purchase" were found to have significant effects on "attractiveness of webrooming" were also found. Furthermore, the results indicated that "online purchase habit" is the only influencing factor that leads to "online shopping lock-in." The theoretical implications of the study are as follows. First, by examining the multi-channel shopping phenomenon from the perspective of "shopping switching" from online shopping to webrooming, this study complements the limits of the "channel switching" perspective, represented by multi-channel freeriding studies that merely focused on customers' channel switching behaviors from one to another. While extant studies with a channel switching perspective have focused on only one type of multi-channel shopping, where consumers just move from one particular channel to different channels, a study with a shopping switching perspective has the advantage of comprehensively investigating how consumers choose and navigate among diverse types of single- or multi-channel shopping alternatives. In this study, only limited shopping switching behavior from online shopping to webrooming was examined; however, the results should explain various phenomena in a more comprehensive manner from the perspective of shopping switching. Second, this study extends the scope of application of the push-pull-mooring framework, which is quite commonly used in marketing research to explain consumers' product switching behaviors. Through the application of this framework, it is hoped that more diverse shopping switching behaviors can be examined in future research. This study can serve a stepping stone for future studies. One of the most important practical implications of the study is that it may help single- and multi-channel retailers develop more specific customer strategies by revealing the influencing factors of webrooming intention from online shopping. For example, online single-channel retailers can ease the distrust of online shopping to prevent consumers from churning by reducing the perceived risk in terms of online search and purchase. On the other hand, offline retailers can develop specific strategies to increase the attractiveness of webrooming by letting customers perceive the benefits of multi-channel search or offline purchase. Although this study focused only on customers switching from online shopping to webrooming, the results can be expanded to various types of shopping switching behaviors embedded in single- and multi-channel shopping environments, such as showrooming and mobile shopping.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.81-94
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• 2010

The online shopping environment has radically changed consumer shopping behavior. Without the actual physical shopping experience in a brick-and-mortar store, consumers make purchasing decisions over the Internet. They make an effort to obtain product information not only from online merchants, but also from previous purchasers in order to make an informed decision. Accordingly, customer comments are expected to have a significant impact on decisions to purchase goods and services online. This paper focuses on one type of electronic word-of-mouth, the online consumer review. It derives several motivations why customers post product reviews on shopping mall sites. Customer motives were identified through an in depth one-on-one interview with twenty female respondents conducted twice from June $17^{th}$ to September $11^{th}$, 2009. The interviews lasted between 40 and 60 minutes. The results showed that consumers write product reviews based on six motivations: to receive a reward or remuneration for writing a product review, to share information with other customers, to improve the quality of goods and services, to reduce customer dissatisfaction, to recommend products and services, and to derive pleasure.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.79-103
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• 2014

This research investigates whether product types moderate the relationship between e-tailer characteristics and shopping attitudes in the context of online category killer stores. To identify the antecedents of consumer attitudes for category killer stores, the product types are characterized by the two dimensions of hedonic and utilitarian. A total of 268 responses were collected from consumers who experienced online category killer stores. The results show that the quality of information contained in a website, customer review, relational benefits, and the expertise of the e-tailer are important determinants for shopping attitudes of consumers. Regarding the moderating effects of product types, hedonic value significantly moderates the relationships between shopping attitudes and relational benefits/e-tailer expertise. However, utilitarian value does not significantly moderate the relationships between shopping attitudes and any of the e-tailer characteristics. Theoretical contributions of this study are the findings of moderating effects of hedonic value on the relationships between e-tailer characteristics and shopping attitudes. In addition, this study practically implies how companies can utilize these characteristics strategically for marketing and the selection of products.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 2008

This study aims to identify whether shopping malls affect customer satisfaction significantly according to the store image assessment of consumers after their purchases. This comparative study on the store image and satisfaction level according to shopping mall type is supposed to offer useful basic data for developing a niche market while establishing market segmentation strategies for internet fashion shopping malls. As a result of an empirical analysis, it was found that important standards for assessing the store image of internet fashion shopping malls include product and information service, customer service after purchase, atmosphere, convenience and reliability, and all five factors were shown to affect the satisfaction level for all general malls significantly. However, product and information service and convenience were shown not to be significantly influential to the satisfaction level for fashion specialty mall. In addition, customer satisfaction was found to affect the customers' intention to repurchase and word of mouth. Therefore, if marketing managers of internet fashion shopping malls elevate customer satisfaction by managing the store image before the customers' purchase, they can attract customers to repurchase intention and ultimately prompt a word of mouth effect.