• 제목/요약/키워드: shop drawing

검색결과 50건 처리시간 0.026초

철근공사의 공장가공 현황분석과 활성화 방안 (Analysis of re-bar manufacturing system in plant and its facilitate method)

  • 조훈희;강태경;박현용;윤석헌;허영기;박우열
    • 한국건설관리학회논문집
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.57-65
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    • 2007
  • 철근 공장가공은 현장가공에 비하여 가공의 정밀도를 향상시킬 수 있을 뿐 아니라 철근의 절단 손실을 줄일 수 있는 장점이 있다. 최근 도심지 공사의 증가로 야적장이 부족하고 숙련된 현장 노무인력의 확보가 어려워짐에 따라 향후 철근의 공장가공 방식은 점차 확대될 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 철근가공 공장방식의 중요성을 인지하고 그간의 연구들이 배근작업과 전문건설업체를 중심으로 이루어졌다는 점에 착안하여 18개 철근가공 공장을 대상으로 실태조사를 실시하였다. 실태조사 결과를 토대로 철근공장가공 활성화를 위한 방안으로 철근가공 형상 표준화, 시공성이 반영된 배근상세도 작성 및 철근 가공형상표 산출 업무 전산화, 배근작업의 표준화와 ADC기반의 철근자재 추적시스템을 개발을 제안하였다.

카페공간의 구성요소와 파사드디자인의 지각특성에 관한 연구 (A Study on Perceptual Characteristics of Facade Design and Composition Elements of Cafe Space)

  • 최계영
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.70-77
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    • 2013
  • This study has analysed the composition elements in a cafe space where visual transfer-elements are filled and the perceptual characteristics of facade designs with the purpose of drawing any important elements to advertisement and their related items for uniqueness of designs. For the analysis of the perception process shown in the consecutive situations of observing and visiting cafes, the cafe facade was grouped and stereotyped for the analysis of perceptual characteristics and significant composition elements for better designing of cafes through survey with representative facades as subjects. The conclusions from this study are the followings. First, for the uniqueness specific to cafes to be integrated into facade, memory was chosen first as the most significant advertisement factor followed by interest as with male and attention as with female. The memory has much to do with furniture and finishing material of Clause (4), Chapter 4.1 and the types having effects on perception of Clause (1) and the atmosphere having effect on that of Clause (2) were found to be major factors to attention and interest. Second, it was found out that women preferred horizontally stable partition and men clearly divided facades. The factor of shape was observed first among the constituents of facade followed by color. There was no difference with 'shape' between men and women and color was found to be a space constituent having a lot of effects on women. Third, the memory of experience from visiting a cafe was very likely to offer the motivation of visiting it again, on which furniture had the most effect followed by finishing material and color. Such elevation elements as facade and logo were found not to have effect on the memory or the re-visit. Any intention of visiting again seemed to be influenced by such comprehensive images as atmosphere rather than by any concrete facade, furniture, or appliance. From the above viewpoint, facade design should have any uniqueness or impressive feature as well as the effect of making passers-by drop in and attracting them into the shop. The analysis of attributes of facade constituents revealed that the abstract images in addition to the configuration of facade had much to do with interest or behavior.

유전 알고리즘 기반의 작업공간을 고려한 배관 스풀에 관한 연구 (A Study on Pipe Spool considering Workspace based on Genetic Algorithm)

  • 유성상;이경호;이정민;남병욱;김현
    • 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.77-83
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    • 2016
  • 선박 및 플랜트의 배관은 제작부터 설치까지 일련의 과정을 모두 현장에서 하는 것이 아닌, 외부의 공장 또는 숍으로부터 배관의 제일 작은 요소인 스풀 배관을 제작하고, 이를 작업현장 또는 현장 근처의 공장에서 모듈화 또는 가설치 작업 및 현장에서 직접 설치작업을 통해 제작이 된다. 이 과정에서 스풀은 3D CAD를 기반으로 하는 것이 아닌 2D 도면을 기반으로 하기 때문에, 작업공간을 고려하지 못할 수 있다. 이러한 이유로 실제 설치작업 시 작업공간의 방해로 인한 공기의 지연을 발생 시킬 수 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 스풀 배관의 설치 시 또는 운용 및 유지보수 시에 생길 수 있는 외부 구조물과의 스풀 위치에 관하여, 스풀 위치가 외부 구조물로부터 방해를 받지 않도록 하기 위한 방법으로 유전 알고리즘을 적용하여 스풀 위치를 결정하는 방법에 대해 제시하고자 한다.

최근접 이웃 결정방법 알고리즘을 이용한 도로교통안전표지판 영상인식의 구현 (A Study on the Implement of Image Recognition the Road Traffic Safety Information Board using Nearest Neighborhood Decision Making Algorithm)

  • 정진용;김동현;이소행
    • 경영과정보연구
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    • 제4권
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    • pp.257-284
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    • 2000
  • According as the drivers increase who have their cars, the comprehensive studies on the automobile for the traffic safety have been raised as the important problems. Visual Recognition System for radio-controled driving is a part of the sensor processor of Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle System. When a driver drives his car on an unknown highway or general road, it produces a model from the successively inputted road traffic information. The suggested Recognition System of the Road Traffic Safety Information Board is to recognize and distinguish automatically a Road Traffic Safety Information Board as one of road traffic information. The whole processes of Recognition System of the Road Traffic Safety Information Board suggested in this study are as follows. We took the photographs of Road Traffic Safety Information Board with a digital camera in order to get an image and normalize bitmap image file with a size of $200{\times}200$ byte with Photo Shop 5.0. The existing True Color is made up the color data of sixteen million kinds. We changed it with 256 Color, because it has large capacity, and spend much time on calculating. We have practiced works of 30 times with erosion and dilation algorithm to remove unnecessary images. We drawing out original image with the Region Splitting Technique as a kind of segmentation. We made three kinds of grouping(Attention Information Board, Prohibit Information Board, and Introduction Information Board) by RYB( Red, Yellow, Blue) color segmentation. We minimized the image size of board, direction, and the influence of rounding. We also minimized the Influence according to position. and the brightness of light and darkness with Eigen Vector and Eigen Value. The data sampling this feature value appeared after building the learning Code Book Database. The suggested Recognition System of the Road Traffic Safety Information Board firstly distinguished three kinds of groups in the database of learning Code Book, and suggested in order to recognize after comparing and judging the board want to recognize within the same group with Nearest Neighborhood Decision Making.

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가공철근 물량산출 및 배근시공상세도 작성시스템 개발 (Developing An Automatic System for Quantity Taking-off Cut and Bent Re-Bar and Making a Placing Drawing)

  • 박현용;이승현;강태경;이유섭
    • 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국건설관리학회 2007년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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    • pp.358-363
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    • 2007
  • 철근콘크리트 구조물 형태의 건설공사에 있어 철근공사는 구조적인 측면이나 공사비 비중으로 볼 때 매우 중요한 부분을 차지한다. 철근물량의 정확한 산출은 이러한 철근공사의 효과적인 관리를 위한 기본적인 업무로 볼 수 있으나, 기술의 발전이나 개선 노력에도 불구하고 여전히 철근 숙련공의 경험이나 인력에 의존하는 전 근대적인 방식에서 벗어나지 못하는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 철근 물량을 부재별/배근별로 보다 신속하고 정확하게 산출하기 위한 전산프로그램의 개발을 목적으로 하며, 이를 위해 연결된 부재의 철근 배근 상태를 감안하여 이음길이와 정착 길이, 피복두께등을 고려한 물량산출 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 개발된 프로그램은 전문 인력의 판단이 아닌 논리적인 게산에 의해 신속하게 수량을 산출할 수 있으며, 설계 변경이 잦은 철근공사에 유연하게 대처할 수 있다는 장점을 지니며 물량산출 과정에서 나온 결과 값을 바탕으로 시공 상세도를 자동으로 작성하는 기능을 포함한다.

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서울지역 안경광학과 재학생 집단의 안경원 쇼윈도 디스플레이 유형에 대한 감성 의미 설문 조사 (A Questionnaire Study of Connotative Meanings of the Show Window Display Types in Optical Shops of Optometry Students in Seoul)

  • 이지혜;김영화;김달영
    • 한국안광학회지
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.219-228
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    • 2011
  • 목적: 안경원의 쇼윈도 디스플레이 유형에 따른 소비자 집단의 감성 의미를 객관적으로 분석하여 마케팅에 적합한 디스플레이 유형을 도출하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 서울지역 안경광학과 재학생 집단을 대상으로 연구를 실시하였다. 국내 안경원의 쇼윈도 디스플레이 예제들을 수집하여 대표적 유형을 도출하였다. 의미분별 척도법을 이용하여 감성 의미를 추출한 후에, 설문조사와 통계처리를 통하여 각각의 디스플레이 유형별로 해당되는 감성 의미를 결정하였다. 결과: 설문응답자들은 개방형, 소량형, 대량형 및 광고형의 4가지 대표적 쇼윈도 디스플레이 유형별로 각각 깨끗하고 심플함, 고급스럽고 심플함, 서민적이고 실용적이라는 감성 의미를 주로 선택하였다. 결론: 도출된 감성 의미들과 응답자들의 선호도를 분석했을 때, 대학생 집단에게 가장 적합한 디스플레이 유형은 소량형인 것으로 여겨진다.

MZ세대의 제페토와 로블록스 패션 아이템 구매의사결정과정에 관한 연구 - 자아 표현을 중심으로 - (A Study on Fashion Item Purchase Decision-Making Process of ZEPETO and Roblox of MZ Generation - Focused on Self-expression -)

  • 이서원;김나윤;전다빈;한예림;신은정
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.418-430
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    • 2022
  • This study aims to analyze consumers' purchase decision-making process of buying avatar fashion items on the Metaverse platform. Drawing on the connection between the self-expression tendency of the MZ generation and that of avatars in the Metaverse, this study uses a qualitative research method to analyze how consumers express their self-image through the appearance of their avatars. Unlike previous studies on the clothing purchase decision-making process, this study shows that purchasing and consumption behavior involve the following six stages: recognizing desire, collecting information, evaluating alternatives, making purchases, evaluating the consumption, and post-purchase action-taking. In the first stage of the purchase decision-making process, consumers' desire arises with self-image expression and confirmation. In the second stage, consumers have a high tendency to shop in the best item category. In the alternative evaluation stage, consumers tend to seek items that match their highest standard while considering their personal preferences. In the fourth stage, when making actual purchases, unplanned purchase behavior often occurs along with an active practice of alternative evaluation. In the fifth stage, the evaluation of the consumption shows that consumers achieve satisfaction by applying a style to their avatars that they are unable to try in the real world. In the last stage, consumers often use their purchases to communicate their various styles with other online consumers. Therefore, we conclude that the online purchase decision-making process differs from the offline process as it is divided into six stages.

IPA를 이용한 도로교량 골조공사의 작업조 생산성 관리요인의 중요도 및 실행도 분석 (Analysis of Major Management Factors Affecting Crew Productivity in Road Bridge Construction Site Using IPA)

  • 허영기;이상호
    • 한국건설관리학회논문집
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.39-45
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    • 2019
  • 건설현장의 생산성은 견실성 및 생산활동의 효율성 평가을 위한 매우 중요한 지표이며, 건설 현장작업은 모두 작업조를 중심으로 수행됨으로 작업조의 생산성 관리는 특히 중요하다. 문헌연구 및 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 도출된 27개의 관리요인들로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 32부를 회수하여 분석하였다. 대분류항목의 실행도 및 중요도를 분석한 결과, '장비'와 '건설인력' 항목이 도로교량 공사의 작업조 생산성에 매우 중요한 것으로 나타났으며, 실행도는 중요도에 비해 비교적 미비한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 소분류 항목 27개를 분석한 결과, 지속적인 관심을 가져야 하는 항목으로는 '적기의 장비조달', '효율적 작업조 구성', '작업자의 숙련도', '현장통제 및 감독능력'이 중요도에 비해 실행도가 낮음으로 보다 더 향상시킬 필요가 있는 관리 요인들로는 '장비 가동성능', '설계도서의 정확성', '시공상세도의 정확성', '작업지시 및 승인 시기', '작업지시의 정확성' 등인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구의 결과는 앞으로 도로공사의 구조체 공사에서 작업조 생산성 향상을 위해 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Development of Detailed Design Automation Technology for AI-based Exterior Wall Panels and its Backframes

  • Kim, HaYoung;Yi, June-Seong
    • 국제학술발표논문집
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    • The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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    • pp.1249-1249
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    • 2022
  • The facade, an exterior material of a building, is one of the crucial factors that determine its morphological identity and its functional levels, such as energy performance, earthquake and fire resistance. However, regardless of the type of exterior materials, huge property and human casualties are continuing due to frequent exterior materials dropout accidents. The quality of the building envelope depends on the detailed design and is closely related to the back frames that support the exterior material. Detailed design means the creation of a shop drawing, which is the stage of developing the basic design to a level where construction is possible by specifying the exact necessary details. However, due to chronic problems in the construction industry, such as reducing working hours and the lack of design personnel, detailed design is not being appropriately implemented. Considering these characteristics, it is necessary to develop the detailed design process of exterior materials and works based on the domain-expert knowledge of the construction industry using artificial intelligence (AI). Therefore, this study aims to establish a detailed design automation algorithm for AI-based condition-responsive exterior wall panels and their back frames. The scope of the study is limited to "detailed design" performed based on the working drawings during the exterior work process and "stone panels" among exterior materials. First, working-level data on stone works is collected to analyze the existing detailed design process. After that, design parameters are derived by analyzing factors that affect the design of the building's exterior wall and back frames, such as structure, floor height, wind load, lift limit, and transportation elements. The relational expression between the derived parameters is derived, and it is algorithmized to implement a rule-based AI design. These algorithms can be applied to detailed designs based on 3D BIM to automatically calculate quantity and unit price. The next goal is to derive the iterative elements that occur in the process and implement a robotic process automation (RPA)-based system to link the entire "Detailed design-Quality calculation-Order process." This study is significant because it expands the design automation research, which has been rather limited to basic and implemented design, to the detailed design area at the beginning of the construction execution and increases the productivity by using AI. In addition, it can help fundamentally improve the working environment of the construction industry through the development of direct and applicable technologies to practice.

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환경 인쇄 기술의 발전과 인쇄물의 $CO_2$ 발생량에 관한 연구 (A Study about Development of Environment Printing Technology and $CO_2$)

  • 이문학
    • 한국인쇄학회지
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.89-114
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    • 2012
  • For as to world, the concern about the environment problem is enhanced than any other time in the past because of being 21 century. And the environment problem is highlighted as the world-wide issue. The time of the environment problem intimidates the alive of the mankind and presence of an earth over the time. It becomes the essentiality not being selection in the personal living or the economical viewpoint now to prepare for the climatic modification. As to the company management, the green growth period which it excludes the environment management considering an environment, cannot carry on the company the continued management comes. That is, in the change center of the management paradigm, there is the environment management. Nearly, the greenhouse gas which the publication industry is the environmental toxic material like all industries is generated. The greenhouse gas is ejected in the process of running the manufacturing process and print shop of the various kinds material used as the raw material of the book. Particularly, the tree felling for getting the material of the paper is known to reach the direct influence on the global warming. This study does according to an object it considers and organizes the environment parameter based on this kind of fact as to the publication industry. And it is determined as the reference which is used as the basic materials preparing the case that carbon exhaust right transaction(CAP and TRADE) drawing are enforced in all industries and is sustainable the management of the publication industry and reduces the environmental risk among the company many risk management elements and plans and enforces the publication related policy that there is a value. In the printing publication industry, this study tried to inquire into elements discharging the environmental pollutant or the greenhouse gas. Additionally, in the printed publication production process, it tried to inquire into the effort for an environment-friendly and necessity at the printing paper and the printers ink, regarded as the element discharging the greenhouse gas all kinds of the printing materials, operation of the print shop and all kinds of the machines and recycle process, and etc. These considerations make these industrial field employees aware of the significance about a conservation and environmental protection. They try to give a help in the subsequent study producing quantitatively each environmental parameter emission of green house gas. This makes the calculation of the relative $CO_2$ output reproached ultimately possible. Meanwhile, in a sense, many research protects and improving an environment in connection with the contents of research at the printing publication industrial field is in progress. There will be the voluntary human face that it has to protect an environment but this can not do by the outside factor according to all kinds of environment related law and regulation. Anyway, because of acting on company management as the factor of oppression, the increase of this environment-related correspondence cost could know that the research that the environment loading relates with a procurement and development, environment management system introduction, quality control standard, including, normalizing including a material, and etc. through the part of the effort to reduce the cost low was actively in progress. As to the green growth era, as follows, this paper prescribed the subject and alternative of the print publication industry. It is surrounded by the firstly new digital environment and the generation of the subject. And secondly the printing industry is caused by the point of time when the green growth leaves by the topic which is largest in the global industry and it increases. The printing publication industry has to prepare the bridgehead for the environment-friendly green growth as the alternative for this resolution with first. The support blown in each industry becomes the obligation not being selection. Prestek in which the print publishing was exposed to spend many energies and which is known as the practice of the sustainable print publishing insisted that it mentioned importance of the green printing through the white pages in 2008 and a company had to be the green growth comprised through the environment-friendly activity. The core management for the sustainable printing publication industry presented from Presstack white pages is compacted to 4 words that it is a remove, reduce, recover, and recycle. Second, positively the digital printing(POD) system should be utilized. In the worldwide print out market, the digital printing area stops at the level of 10% or so but the change over and growth of the market of an analog-to-digital will increase rapidly in the future. As to the CEO Jeff Hayes of the Infoland, the offset print referred to that it of the traditional method got old and infirm with the minor phase of the new printing application like the customer to be wanted publication and the print of the digital method led the market. In conclusion, print publishers have to grasp well the market flow in the situation where a digitalization cannot be generalized and a support cannot avoid. And it keeps pace with the flow of the digital age and the recognition about the effort for the development and environment problem have to be raised. Particularly, the active green strategy is employed for the active green strategy.