• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.57-63
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• 1998

This study deals with the friction weldability of machine structural carbon steel (SM45C) to Al-Mg-Si aluminium alloy (A6063). The bonding strength of friction welded joints, from all mechanical test, exceeded that of A6063 base metal, under the condition of friction time 1.5 sec, upset pressure 80MPa. The friction welded joints under these conditions exhibited tensile strength of 262MPa, bending angle of 90$^{\circ}$ without crack at weld interface and shear strength of 113MPa. Consequently, the friction weldability of SM4C to A6063 was very excellent, and that was possible without special preparation of weld surfaces.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2013

Reflow soldering process is essential in electronic package. Reflow process for a long time results from the decrease of reliability because IMC is formed excessively. Solder alloys of Sn-37Pb and Sn-Ag with different kinds of Cu contents (0, 0.5 and 1 wt.%) as compared with Ni and Cu plate joints are investigated according to varying reflow time. The interfaces of solder joints are observed to analyze IMC (intermetallic compound) growth rate by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Shear test is also performed by using SP (Share-Punch) tester. The test results are compared with the solder joints of two different plates (Ni and Cu plate). $Cu_6Sn_5$ IMCs are formed on Cu plate interfaces after reflows in all samples. Ni3Sn4 and $(Cu,Ni)_6Sn_5$ IMCs are also formed on Ni plate interfaces. The IMC layer forms are affected by reflow time and contents of solder alloy. These results show that mechanical strength of solder joints strongly depends on thickness and shape of IMC.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제47권12호
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• pp.842-851
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• 2009

The long-term reliability of Sn-0.3wt%Ag-0.7wt%Cu solder joints was evaluated and compared with Sn-3.0wt%Ag-0.5wt%Cu under thermal shock conditions. Test vehicles were prepared to use Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu and Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder alloys. To compare the shear strength of the solder joints, 0603, 1005, 1608, 2012, 3216 and 4232 multi-layer ceramic chip capacitors were used. A reflow soldering process was utilized in the preparation of the test vehicles involving a FR-4 material-based printed circuit board (PCB). To compare the shear strength degradation following the thermal shock cycles, a thermal shock test was conducted up to 2,000 cycles at temperatures ranging from $-40^{\circ}C$ to $85^{\circ}C$, with a dwell time of 30 min at each temperature. The shear strength of the solder joints of the chip capacitors was measured at every 500 cycles in each case. The intermetallic compounds (IMCs) of the solder joint interfaces werealso analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the reliability of Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu solder joints was very close to that of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu. Consequently, it was confirmed that Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu solder alloy with a low silver content can be replaced with Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu.

• 지질공학
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2021

암석의 절리면 거칠기 형상에 따른 전단거동은 지반 및 암반 구조물 안정성에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 암반 구조물에 대한 설계를 효율적으로 하기 위해서는 절리에 의한 전단거동을 이해하고 정확하게 전단강도를 산정하는 것이 필요하다. 이 연구에서는 암석 절리면 거칠기의 전단거동을 알아보기 위해 Barton and Choubey(1977)가 제안한 10가지 형태의 표준 절리 프로파일 중 절리면 거칠기가 매끄러운 1번(JRC-1)과 거칠기 비교적 큰 7번(JRC-7)과 9번(JRC-9)에 대해 PFC2D를 이용한 수치전단시험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 최대 전단응력은 절리면의 거칠기 진폭이 큰 JRC-7과 JRC-9가 매끈한 JRC-1보다 약 3.2~5.0배 크게 나타났다. 최대 전단변위는 첫 번째 수직응력일 때가 두 번째일 때보다 약 4.1~5.8배 크게 나타났다. 절리면 마찰각은 절리면의 거칠기 진폭이 큰 JRC-7과 JRC-9가 매끈한 JRC-1보다 약 1.8~3.9배 크게 나타났다. 결론적으로 절리면의 거칠기가 커질수록 최대 전단응력과 절리면 마찰각은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.20-27
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• 1998

According as the member of the automobile body structure have been thinned their thickness and have become high strength, each part of the body structure has been put more severe stress condition. And, because fatigue strength of the spot welded lap joint is influenced by its geometrical and mechanical factors, welding condition and etc., there needs a quantitative and systematic evaluation method for them. In this study, by considering nugget edge of the spot weld part of the IB-type spot welded lap joint under tension-shear load to the ligament crack. fatigue strength of various IB-type spot welded lap joints was estimated with the stress intensity factor(S.I.F.) KIII which is fracture mechanical parameter. We could find that fatigue strength evaluation of the IB-type spot welded lap joints by KIII is more effective than the maximum principal stress ($\sigma$1max) at edge of the spot weld obtained from FEM analysis.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2012

프리캐스트 콘크리트 모듈 단위로 시공되는 플로팅 구조물의 거동은 콘크리트 모듈 접합부의 거동과 밀접한 연관성을 갖는다. 극한하중조건에서의 플로팅 구조물의 구조적 거동을 정확히 예측하기 위해서 모듈 접합부의 구조거동 실험연구를 수행하였다. 모듈 접합부 전단키의 전단거동, 전단강도 및 균열 패턴을 파악하였다. 실험결과는 전단키의 경사각도가 증가함에 따라 전단강도가 증가하는 것을 나타낸다. 또한, 구속응력이 증가함에 따라 전단키의 전단강도가 증가한다. 실험결과와 AASHTO 제안식에 의한 예측값을 비교하였으며, AASHTO 제안식은 실험값을 과소평가하고 있다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.501-508
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• 2002

The percentage of a mountainous district in our country is comparatively high but the concern for rock mass has been disregarded for a long time. Especially for rock slope, the most important factors are geometric characteristics and their shear strength parameter. In this paper, parametric studies are performed using the distinct element computer program UDEC-BB for rock slopes. Parameters adopted in this paper are joint angle, spacing, persistence, aperture and shear strength parameters (JRC, JCS, basic friction angle). To estimate slope stability, shear strength reduction method is used. The most important factors affecting rock slope stability are joint angle and spacing. The relationship between average displacement calculated by UDEC-BB and safe factor by shear strength reduction method is researched.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.409-421
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• 2012

Recently, as the height of building is getting higher, the applications of CFST column for high-rise buildings have been increased. In structural system of high-rise building, The RC core and exterior concrete-filled tubular (CFST) column-beam pinned connection is one of the structural systems that support lateral load. If this structural system is used, due to the minimal CFST column thickness compared to that of the CFST column width, the local moment occurred by the eccentric distance between the column flange surface from shear bolts joints degrades the shear strength of the CFST column-beam pinned connections. This study performed a finite element analysis to investigate the shear strength under eccentric moment of the CFST column-beam pinned connections. The column's width and thickness were used as variables for the analysis. To guarantee the reliability of the finite element analysis, an actual-size specimens were fabricated and tested. The yield line theory was used to formulate an shear strength formula for the CFT column-beam pinned connection. the shear strength formula was suggested through comparison on the results of FEM analysis, test and yield lime theory, the shear strength formula was suggested.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2005

In general, multi-lap spot weld joints are frequently present in automobile. Most research, however, has been focused on the single-lap spot weld joints until now. In this paper, tensile-shear strength tests are performed to examine the weldability of 3-lap spot joint welded by using the high strength steel sheet and the zinc coated steel sheet. The indentation depth and nugget diameter are used to propose the optimum welding conditions. The weldability is affected by the welding current and welding time for 3-lap spot joint. Meanwhile the expulsions is round to decrease with the increase of electrode force. The optimum welding conditions are presented for 3-lap spot joints of high strength steel sheet and zinc coated steel sheet.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2019

A concrete core is used widely as lateral stability systems in high-rise modular buildings. As an alternative to traditional cast in-situ core, the precast concrete(PC) method can accelerate the construction of reinforced concrete cores. A core composed of precast elements differs from a in-situ core in having connections between the precast elements. The typical vertical connection between PC panels is consisted of shear keys, loop bars, lacer bars and grout. In this study, the effect of vertical connection components on shear strength is investigated experimentally. The test results show that the contribution to the shear strength is greater in order of grout strength, shear keys, lacer bars and loop bars. In addition, the numerical models to estimate the shear strength according to two crack patterns in the vertical joint of the PC panels are derived. The feasibility of the numerical models is evaluated by comparing the estimated shear strength and the test results.