• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2001

This study was conducted to estimate the cultural characteristics, the production of antibiotic, and the selection of optimal media for mass culture of Bacillus licheniformis N1 isolate which was previously reported as an antagonistic bacterium to Botrytis cinerea. We investigated initial pH, temperatures and shaking speed for good cultural conditions and antibiotics production by N1 isolate. According to the results, the optimal conditions of initial pH, temperatures, and shaking speed were determined to be pH 5.0~5.5, 30~35$^{\circ}C$ and 250 rpm, respectively. Also, the optimal conditions for the antagonism by N1 isolate highly appeared in the initial pH as 5.0, and the mycelial growth inhibition was high when the substances used such as glucose or corn starch as carbon sources, and biji(soybean curd residue) flour as a nitrogen source. Furthermore, inhibitory area was significantly expanded, when 3% or 5% of corn starch was added into 5% of Biji flour as nitrogen source, were respectivley selected for mass culture of N1 isolate. Among them, 5% Biji flour medium showed higher cell density more than 10 times that in NB medium after 48 hour incubation. Therefore, the optimal medium was determined as 5% biji flour added 3~5% of corn starch for high density of cells.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1992

본 시험은 난백 129g에 자당(백색) 150g을 첨가한 구와 난백 161g에 자당 150g을 첨가한 2구로 나누고, 다시 각 구를 난황 0g, 8.71g, 17.43g 및 26.14g, 14g 첨가구로 4구분 하였다. 각 구는 5$0^{\circ}C$ shaking water bath(Tecom 58-16, U.K)내에서 1분간 92회 왕복속도로써 2, 4, 6, 8, 10및 12시간 후까지 경시적으로 pH와 비중을 측정하였다. 측정회수는 3회로써 그 평균치를 시험성적으로 하였으며 비중은 비중계로써 측정하였던 바 얻은 본 시험의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 전 시험구간에 있어서 shaking시간에 따라 pH와 비중은 경시적으로 증가되었으나 난황 및 난백의 첨가량에 따라 그 변화는 상이한 결과를 보였다. 2. 난백 129g 첨가구와 161g 첨가구에 있어서 shaking시간이 경과함에 따라 일정한 수준의 자당과 난황을 혼합했을 때는 난백의 첨가량이 많을수록 pH는 더 높아지고 비중은 낮아지는 결과였다. 3. 난백 161g 첨가구에 있어서 shaking 10시간 후의 PH는 8.60으로써 최고치였으며, 그 후에는 낮아졌다. 난백 129g 첨가구에 있어서 shaking 12시간 후의 pH는 8.39로써 최고치였으며 shaking 10시간 후부터 점차 낮아지는 경향이었다. 두 구간의 pH 최고치가 나타나는 시간의 상이는 난백의 첨가량에 의한 것으로 사료된다. 4. 전체설험구간에 있어서 난황을 무첨가한 구가 첨가한 구보다 pH와 비중이 모두 높았다. 5. 자당 150g에 난백 129g, 난황 0g, 8.17g, 17.43g 및 26.14g을 각각 첨가하여 12시간동안 shaking water bath 내에서 조사한 pH와 비중의 성적간에는 상관관계를 검정한 결과, 상관도는 높았으며(r＝0.9692$^{**}$ ) 그 회귀방정식은 Y＝0.050十0.145X였다. 6. 자당 150g과 난백 161g, 난황 0g, 8.17g, 17.43g 및 25.14g을 각각 첨가하여 12시간동안 shaking water bath내에서 조사한 pH와 비중의 성적간에 상관관계를 검정한 결과, 상관도는 높았으며(r＝8963$^{**}$ ) 그 회귀방정식은 Y＝0.294＋0.110X였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.391-399
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• 2019

Residual deformation of high-speed railway bridge piers is cumulative under repeated earthquakes, and influences the safety and ride comfort of high-speed trains. This paper investigates the effects of the peak ground acceleration, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, and axial compression ratio on the cumulative deformation through finite element analysis. A simply-supported beam bridge pier model is established using nonlinear beam-column elements in OpenSees, and validated against a shaking table test. Repeated earthquakes were input in the model. The results show that the cumulative deformation of the bridge piers under repeated earthquakes increases with the peak ground acceleration and the axial compression ratio, and decreases with the longitudinal reinforcement ratio.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2438-2440
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• 2003

This thesis presents a design methodology of a Digital Servo Signal Processor for high speed CD-ROM drive systems. The proposed Digital Servo Signal Processor enables us to develop CD-related systems for the very high speed applications and is one of the key components of the CD-ROM systems. The proposed center compensation servo control is newly built for a actuator shaking due to the fast response of a step motor when it jumps to a long distance. From experimental results, we can see that the performance of the control system is improved greatly. The proposed servo algorithm shows a shorter setting time including a pull-in time and a faster access time.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2753-2755
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• 2003

Overhead crane must do to control occurrence of Anti-Sway according to work situation that is used in case move industry spot's heavy freight, and do safe transfer of freight. Transfer process that make use of crane suspends and consist of series action that put down freight to do relevant addition decreasing the speed before objective while move by schedule section equal speed because increasing the speed after lift thing. This need skill degree by experience because there are operator's function and affinity. Also, must control this effectively because can affect big productivity elevation according to effect that get in transfer of safe freight, Therefore, illuminate physical characteristic of crane and algorithm of motor drive department and there is purpose of this research to do so that correct control may be available through over head crane's shaking control and position control designing LQ controller.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.1202-1209
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• 2004

This paper presents a design methodology of a Digital Servo Signal Processor for high speed CD-RW drive systems. The proposed Digital Servo Signal Processor enables us to develop CD-related systems for the very high speed applications and is one of the key components of the CD-RW systems. The proposed center compensation servo control is newly built for an actuator shaking due to the fast response of a step motor when it jumps to a long distance. A control method compensating for eccentricity of a disc is implemented for operating robustly at a higher rotational speed. This servo mechanism is more size efficient and less power consumed because it is implemented using a ARM7 embedded processor and hardware digital filters. Furthermore, it is convenient to upgrade firmware for the future required functions. From experimental results, we can see that the performance of the control system is improved greatly. The proposed servo algorithm shows a shorter setting time including a pull-in time and a faster access time. It can be applied easily to the DVD-ROM and the DVD-RAM which have the same optical structure.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.58-72
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• 2006

암반구조물의 규모가 점차 대형화됨에 따라 암반이 자유면에 노출되는 확률이 높아지고 있으며, 최근 들어 지진이나 발파, 고속철도의 운행에 의한 진동 등으로 야기되는 동적 하중의 발생빈도가 증가하는 추세이므로 동적 하중조건 하에서 암반 불연속면의 거동 특성 파악을 위한 연구의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 자유면에 노출된 블록의 동적 거동을 모사할 수 있도록 경사면 진동대 시험장비를 제작하였고, 다양한 동적 하중 조건하에서 편평한 화강암 절리면의 마찰 거동 특성을 분석하였다. 경사시험을 통해서 구한 한계 경사각과 진동하중 하에서의 임계가속도로부터 역산한 정적 마찰각을 비교한 결과 동하중 하에서 정적마찰각이 $4.5\~8.2^{\circ}$ 정도 낮게 산정되는 경향을 보였다. 이론적인 암석 블록의 마찰 거동을 표현하는 블록 거동 프로그램을 작성하고, 진동하중에 의해 미끄러지는 암석 블록의 가속도 및 변위 계측결과를 개발된 프로그램에 의한 결과와 비교하여 암석 절리면의 동적 마찰각을 산정하였는데 동적 마찰각 역시 한계 경사각에 비해 $2.0\~7.5^{\circ}$ 정도 감소하는 결과를 얻었다. 동하중 하에서 측정된 정적 마찰각과 동적 마찰각은 가해진 가속도의 크기나 진폭 등의 하중 특성과 기하조건에 따라 달라지는 경향을 보였다. 개별요소 프로그램을 이용하여 진동대 시험을 모사하였는데, 계측결과 및 개발된 프로그램에 의한 결과와 비교적 잘 일치하였다. 진동대 시험에 의한 동적, 정적 마찰각은 직접전단시험에 의한 기본 마찰각보다 현저히 작게 산정되었다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2018

Structure behaviors resulting from an earthquake are experimentally simulated mainly through a shaking table test. As for large-scale structures, however, size effects over a miniature may make it difficult to assess actual behaviors properly. To address this problem, research on the hybrid simulation is being conducted actively. This method is to implement numerical analysis on framework members that affect the general behavior of the structure dominantly through an actual scale experiment and on the rest parts by applying the substructuring technique. However, existing studies on hybrid simulation focus mainly on Slow experimental methods, which are disadvantageous in that it is unable to assess behaviors close to the actual level if material properties change depending on the speed or the influence of inertial force is significant. The present study aims to establish a Real-time hybrid simulation system capable of excitation based on the actual time history and to verify its performance and applicability. The hybrid simulation system built up in this study utilizes the ATS Compensator system, CR integrator, etc. in order to make the target displacement the same with the measured displacement on the basis of MATLAB/Simulink. The target structure was a 2-span bridge and an RC pier to support it was produced as an experimental model in order for the shaking table test and Slow and Real-time hybrid simulations. Behaviors that result from the earthquake of El Centro were examined, and the results were analyzed comparatively. In comparison with the results of the shaking table test, the Real-time hybrid simulation produced more similar maximum displacement and vibration behaviors than the Slow hybrid simulation. Hence, it is thought that the Real-time hybrid simulation proposed in this study can be utilized usefully in seismic capacity assessment of structural systems such as RC pier that are highly non-linear and time-dependent.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.374-377
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• 1989

생전분 분해효소에 의한 전분의 당화에서 유리구를 첨가시켜 회전진탕시키므로 당화시간의 단축과 당화율의 증대에 효과가 있었다. 옥수수전분과 유리구의 중량비를 1 : 5로 하여 Streptomyces sp. 4M-2의 ${\alpha}-amylase$를 첨가하고 300rpm으로 교반시켰을 때 30시간 후에 88%, 감자전분에서 69%의 당화율을 나타냈다. 옥수수전분에서 amyloglucosidase를 병용하였을 때는 6시간 후에 88%의 당화율을 보였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2013

In this paper we apply Monte Carlo Filter to identifying dynamic parameters of structural systems and improve the efficiency of this algorithm. The algorithms using Monte Carlo Filter so far has not been practical to apply to structural identification for large scale structural systems because computation time increases exponentially as the degrees of freedom of the system increase. To overcome this problem, we developed a method being able to reduce number of particles which express possible structural response state vector. In MCF there are two steps which are the prediction and filtering processes. The idea is very simple. The prediction process remains intact but the filtering process is conducted at each node of structural system in the proposed method. We named this algorithm as relaxation Monte Carlo Filter (RMCF) and demonstrate its efficiency to identify large degree of freedom systems. Moreover to increase searching field and speed up convergence time of structural parameters we proposed an algorithm combining the Genetic Algorithm with RMCF and named GARMCF. Using shaking table test data of a model structure we also demonstrate the efficiency of proposed algorithm.