• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.1334-1345
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• 1997

The purpose of this study were 1) to identify the effects of age and sex of Korean adolescents on the psychological variables(body attitudes, public/private self-consciousness, self-esteem), weight control practices, and clothing behaviors, and 2) to identify the relation- ships between psychological variables and weight control practices, and the effects of the variables on clothing behaviors in the adolescent' groups classified by sex and age. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Two factors of body attitudes were identified: Body-shape consciousness and Physical attractiveness. Four factors of clothing attitudes were identified: Clothing interest/dressing for others, Clothing exhibition, Dressing for self, and Psychological clothing-dependerlce. 2) There were significant effects of sex on all of the research variables. Age was found to have effects on Physical attractiveness, self-esteem, public/private self-consciousness, Clothing exhibition, and Psychological clothing- dependence. 3) In the relationships between psychological variables and weight control practices, Body-shape consciousness was negatively correlated with Physical attractiveness in all groups. Also, Body-shape consciousness had effects on weight control practice in all subject groups. 4) Public self-consciousness had direct/indirect effects on the Clothing interest/dressing for others in all subject groups. Private self-consciousness had direct/ indirect effects on dressing for self in high school boys and girls. Body-shape consciousness had indirect effects on Preference for up-to date style in male college students group, whereas weight control practices had effects on the Preference for up-to date style in female college students group. Self-esteem was found to have the effects on clothing behavior in college students groups. Among clothing attitude factors, Clothing exhibition had distinct effects on the Preference for up-to date style in all subject groups, and Clothing interest/dressing for others had effects on Clothing exhibition and Psychological clothing-dependence in high school boys and girs.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-11
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• 1979

The purposes of this study were ; (1) to investigate attitudes toward Korean clothing in relation to 3 aspects of clothing behavior , and in relation to attitudes toward women's role, age and education, and (2) to ascertain the extent to which Korean clothing was used and valued. Clothing measures consisted of statements dealing with positive and negative attitudes toward psychological and practical aspects of Korean clothing, frequency of use of Korean clothing, and modesty and confirmity -individuality measure. The measure of attitudes toward women's role consisted of items selected form the Inventory of Feminie Values and the Sex Role Ideology Scale. Product-moment correlation was used to analyze the data which consisted of the responses of 700 adult Korean women to questionnaires administered by the researcher. The results obtained are as follows : 1) Positive attitudes toward Korean clothing for both psychological and practical aspects were, (1) related negatively to nontraditional attitudes toward women's role and education, and (2) related positively to age, frequency of wearing Korean clothing and modesty in clothing. 2) Negative attitudes toward Korean clothing for practical aspect was related negatively to age and education , whereas, the psychological aspect was negatively related to attitudes toward women's role. 3) Conformity-individuality in clothing was related positively to attitudes toward women's role and education. 4) Modesty in clothing was related negatively to attitudes toward women's role and education, conformity individuality, and was related positively to age. 5) In 1945 most of the subjects over 51 -year-old wore Korean clothing always or most of time, whereas, about 1/3 of them wore the same in 1976 , Only 4% of the total participants regardless of their ages wore Korean clothing for everyday life in 1976. 6) In general , highly positive attitudes toward Korean clothing were found on psychological aspect, whereas, highly negative attitudes toward Korean clothing were found on practical aspect.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.3
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• pp.107-120
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in the clothing image perception of elderly women according to the clothing types, the clothing colors, the perceiver's sex-role attitude, and gender. Result of factor analysis revealed that the dimensions of clothing image perception was classified into four categories: evaluation, youth, warmth, and activity. Perceiver's sex-role attitude and gender gave a significant influence on the perception of evaluation factor. Youth factor had an interaction effect on the clothing types, clothing colors, and sex-role attitudes. The persons with a conservative sex-role attitude perceived the clothing image of warm color suits as younger than the one of cold colors. The clothing image of a warm colored Hanbok (Korean traditional dress) was perceived milder than a cold one, but there were no difference in suits. Bright color suits make the wearer look younger, and cold color suits make the wearer look active. The clothing color had greater influences on the warmth and the evaluation factor than clothing types. Persons who have a conservative sex-role attitude perceived the differences according to clothing types and colors in a traditional way. It could be certified that perceiver's sex-role attitude was one of the variables influencing his/her perception in social interaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.177-185
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• 2011

This survey investigated elementary school teachers' Astronomical Spatial Concept and their Attitudes about Astronomy for Effectively Teaching Strategy. This study surveyed 53 teachers in Ulsan. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS WIN 18.0. The results of this study are as follows : First, Elementary school teachers' level of understanding of the concept of astronomical space, usually lower. In particular, the lower the level of understanding of the concept of spatial location. Second, Elementary teachers' attitudes about astronomy, astronomers generally appreciate the value of the information and guidance, but difficult for astronomers had recognized. Third, the concept of space and astronomy astronomical elementary teacher attitudes about sex and there was no significant difference according to the teaching career. Therefore, in order to develop effective teaching strategies for elementary teachers attitudes about astronomy and astronomical space concepts from their spatial position to increase the understanding of astronomy, often on the job training to strengthen the astronomers should eliminate the difficulties.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1015-1021
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• 1995

This study was conducted to evaluate changes in nutritional knowledge, attitudes, behavior intention and behavior in a sample of 27 insulin dependent diabetic students participating in diabetics' camp. Nutritional knowledge related to diabetes, attitudes toward diabetes treatment and behavior intention about dietary changes were tested before and after nutrition education. Six months after nutrition education, an open ended questionnaire about their actual behavior changes was mailed to all participants and 17 of them responded. Pre-and post-testing showed that nutrition education was effective in significant changes in knowledge and in promoting positive attitudes and behavior intention. Increases of knowledge were consistently the same regardless of sex, level of education, regularity of diet, and duration of disease. Compared to male students, female students showed more positive change in knowledge, attitudes and behavior intention. It also appeared that middle school students showed more positive improvement in knowledge, attitudes and behavior than elementary and high school students. A follow-up test showed that their actual behavior changes were not squared with their behavior intention. They pointed out difficulties in having proper amount of meals and snack and the conflict with school time schedule as the major reason for discordance. These findings suggest that nutrition education for diabetics can be effective to improve their knowledge, attitudes and behavior intention and understanding about barriers to behavior change is important for better compliance to the disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.916-926
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the workers＇ attitudes toward textile industry. Also the attitude was investigated how to be correlated to job stress symptoms and job performance. The data were obtained from questionnaire completed by 529 workers employed in textile or clothing companies. The SPSS package was used for data analysis which included t-test, ANOVA, mean, correlation, and factor analysis. The results showed that workers＇ attitudes toward textile industry were neither positive nor negative. The attitudes revealed to be divided into two components-cognition, affect/behavioral intention. Cognitive attitude was observed to be more positive than affective/behavioral intention attitude. The attitude differed according to personal characteristics such as sex, educational status, position, period of one＇s service, types of industry and job specifications. The attitude were correlated with job stress symptoms and job performance. The more positive the workers＇ attitudes were, the lesser job stress symptoms and the higher job performance were. As the two components of the attitudes are in the same way, the attitude toward textile industry exhibited to have higher correlation with job stress symptoms and job performance.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2006

The study of young people's attitudes towards appearance management has special significance for understanding young people's living, thought and attitudes. It was handed out 600 questionnaires in the three cities and look 573 questionnaires back, out of which 552 were used as the basic material for the analysis. These 522 questionnaires included 178 in Beijing, 200 in Shanghai, 175 in Dalian. 154 questions in four aspects were raised in the questionnaires. The purpose of this study were to identify the Chinese generation' lifestyle and fashion attitudes. Questionnaires developed by researcher were distributed and collected from 552 chinese new generation of the three cities(178 in Beijing, 200 in Shanghai, 175 in Dalian). 1) Life attitudes of new generation men and women in China were classified into five factors, which were extravagant pleasure-seeking, sports-oriented, marriage-oriented, appearance-oriented and study-oriented attitudes. 2) Fashion attitudes of new generation men and women in China were classified into eight factors, which were fashion attitude of being conscious of others, others-dependent fashion attitude, rational fashion attitude, brand-pursuing fashion attitude, active appearance management fashion attitude, unique fashion attitude, fashion attitude of being conscious of sex role and individuality-oriented fashion attitude.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.33-67
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• 2019

This study analyzes whether online political activities have an important impact on attitudes toward the legalization of same-sex marriage and the anti-discrimination law and whether these effects are different by the religion of voters. The main findings are as follows. First, the ideology variable has a significant effect on attitude toward legalizing same-sex marriage and enacting anti-discrimination law. Second, the higher the degree of online political activities, the more likely they will support two issues. Third, the effect on attitudes toward the enactment of anti-discrimination law has appeared different by religion. In other words, Protestants, compared to other religions, are more likely to oppose the enactment of anti-discrimination laws as the level of online political activities increased. Our study is meaningful in that we found online political activities play an important role in making voters' attitudes positively toward the enhancement of the right of sexual minorities. Also, although ideological conflicts are usually intense in diplomatic and security issues in Korea, the sexual minority issue would be likely to be an crucial as a dimension of ideological conflicts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 1977

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation of attitudes and usage of denim cloth-ing to masculinity femininity, attitudes toward women's role, and four aspects of clothing interests. Masculinity-femininity was assessed by The Fe Scale of the California Psychological Inventory. Attitudes toward women's role was measured by selected items from The Inventory of Feminine Values and The Sex Ideology Scale. Measures of attitudes toward denim clothing consisted of: 1) attitudes regarding practicality and youth symbol, 2) possession, and 3) frequency of wearing denim clothing. Four aspects of clothing interests in general were assessed by statements dealing with choice of design, conformity-individuality, fashion and practicality in clothing. The sample consisted of 388 students in Sookmyung Women's University in Seoul, Korea. The data, collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire, were analyzed by correlation. The results indicate that: 1) Masculinity-femininity was related to youth symbol attitudes, possession, and frequency of wear-ing denim clothing. 2) Attitudes toward women's role was related to practicality attitudes, and frequency of wearing denim clothing. 3) Practicality attitudes toward denim clothing was related to conformity-individuality, and practicality in clothing. 4) Youth symbol attitudes toward denim clothing was related to fashion in clothing. 5) Possession of denim clothing was related to fashion and the choice of design in clothing. 6) Frequency of wearing denim clothing was related to the choice of design, and conformity-individuality in clothing.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to survey the university student's sex role identity type, sexual consciousness, sexual behaviors, and sexual impulse. Method: The subjects were 332 university students who were eligible and agreed to participate in this study. Data were collected from May 22 to June 9, 2007. Result: Difference of sex role identity type by gender was that the androgyny was the most prevalent. There was a difference in sex role identity type which was classified by gender. Boy students were high in undifferentiation, where as girl students were high in androgyny. In difference of sexual consciousness and sexual behaviors and sexual impulse by gender, it showed that boy students were higher girl students. Difference of sexual consciousness by sex role identity type was high in masculinity. Difference of sexual behaviors and sexual impulse by sex role identity type was high in undifferentiation. Conclusion: To improve positively the attitudes to sexuality of students who have had undifferentiation type, it need to provide various sexual education and sexual counselling.