• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.323-329
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• 2010

To acquire preliminary data for the control of total nitrogen (TN) in S sewage treatment plant, which processes merging food waste and sewage, the effect of reject water on the total nitrogen in the effluent was examined in this study. Water quality data for the plant during the winter period were applied to calculate the mass balance. It was calculated that at least more than 231 kg/d TN should be removed to control the TN concentration in the effluent. Assuming 18 ppm as the goal TN concentration in the effluent, about 941 kg/d TN should be removed from this plant. Approximately 10% more TN should be removed than at present to achieve this result. It was observed that dewatering the filtrate had a considerably greater effect on the total nitrogen in the effluent than the reject waters. The dewatered filtrate contained 1,399kg/d TN. The contribution of the dewatered filtrate to the TN concentration in the effluent was 0.183, which was 7 to 23 times greater than the other reject waters. In addition, the amount of total nitrogen from the reject water, with the exception of the dewatering filtrate, was lower than the amount of TN that should be removed from S sewage treatment plant. Therefore, it was concluded that one of the most effective methods for controlling the TN concentration in effluent was the removal of the TN contained in the dewatering filtrate.

• ALGAE
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.157-167
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• 2003

Effect of the effluent of the sewage and wastewater plants on the algal growth was investigated from the 19 plants located in the Nakdong river basin. Most of the samples showed high values of the algal growth potential (AGP) when they were mixed with natural river water at 20% of final concentration. At 20% of the mixing ratio, the mixed effluents of sewage and wastewater showed 3.5 and 1.8 times higher AGP than those of the natural river water. The higher AGP values are attributable to the high contents of phosphorus and ammonium in the effluent. The mixing ratio of effluents of the discharge/river flow was highest in the Kumho River (42.8%) followed by the middle of Nakdong River (22.7%), Kam Stream (13.9%), Byungsung Stream (13.3%), Yangsan Stream (7.9%), and Young River (5.4%). Comparison of the trophic state of the effluents with natural river water indicated that the effluents showed higher trophic values than natural water. Concentrations of total phosphorus, total nitrogen and conductivity in the effluents were 12.3, 4.9 and 5.3 times higher than the those found in natural river water respectively. The AGP values were highly related with the trophicity of the water especially on the concentrations of phosphate and ammonium. Toxicities of the treated sewage water, wastewater and livestock waste water tested by the luminescent bacteria, Vibrio fischerii were generally low.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권11호
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• pp.1477-1485
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• 2018

There are two major issues for activated sludge process in sewage treatment plant. One is how to make sewage be more clean and the other is the energy saving in sewage treatment process. The major monitoring sewage qualities are chemical oxygen demand, phosphorus, nitrogen, suspended solid in effluent. These are transmitted to the national TMS(Telemetry Monitoring System) at every hour. If these exceed the environmental standard, the environmental charges imposed. So, these water qualities are to be controlled below the environmental standard in operation of sewage treatment plant. And recently, the energy saving is also important in process operation. Over 50% energy is consumed in blowers and motors for injection oxygen into aeration tank. So, with the water qualities to be controlled below the environmental standard, the energy saving also is to be accomplished for efficient plant management. Almost researches are aimed to control water quality without considering energy saving. AI techniques have been used for control water quality. AI modeling simulator provided the optimal control inputs(blower speed, waste sludge, return sludge) for control water quality. Blower speed is the main control input for activated sludge process. To make sewage be more clean, the excessive blower speed is supplied, but water quality is not better than the previous. In results, non necessary energy is consumed. In this paper we propose a new method that the energy saving also is to be accomplished with the water qualities to be controlled below the environmental standard for efficient plant management. Water qualities in only aeration tank are used the inputs of fuzzy models. Outputs of these models are chemical oxygen demand, phosphorus, nitrogen, suspended solid in effluent and have the environmental standards. In test, we found this method could save 10% energy than the previous methods.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2001년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.470-474
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• 2001

A pilot study was performed at the experimental field of Konkuk University in Seoul, to examine the waste water treatment using constructed wetland and pond system. The effluent of the wetland system in winter often exceeded effluent water quality standards for sewage treatment plant, therefore, pond system could be applied to additional system. As a result, removal rate of $BOD_{5}$, SS was 84.4%, 81.5% and effluent concentration was 4.6mg/L and 5.0mg/L respectively, when surface water of pond system was discharged in March. So we concluded that pond system stored wetland effluent in winter and discharged surface water of pond system in March, so met water quality standard.

• 공업화학
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.122-128
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 J 하수 처리장의 최종 방류수를 대상으로 종속영양세균의 증식과 수중 물리, 화학적 영향인자와의 관계를 고찰하였다. 하수 중의 용존 유기물질 농도는 종속영양세균의 성장과 가장 밀접한 관계를 보였다. 미생물의 영양원인 단백질, 지방, 전분, 섬유소, 팩틴의 분해 세균 분포를 파악한 결과 하수 중 단백질 및 지방세균의 비율은 전체의 81%로 가장 높았다. 종속영양세균은 연중 8월에 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 하수 방류수에 대해 10 mg/L의 유리염소를 주입하여 15 min간 접촉시 THMs의 농도는 $71{\mu}/L$ (< $100{\mu}/L$- 먹는 물 수질기준)의 값을 나타내어 높지 않았다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.506-519
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• 1996

The water quality in the rural areas is degrading due to a variety of causes such as the increase of the urban sewage and industrial wastes, the disposal of solid wastes, the growth of livestock waste, the growth of leisure facilities, the establishment of agricultural industry estates and etc. The water pollutants are scarce while the effluent is increasing from wide scattered sources. The technology specifically designed for the rural wastes water treatment plant needs to be implemented with improvement of agricultural water quality. 1. An integrated management measures against water pollution sources. The prevention of water pollution is the best measures in the environmental pollution. Hence, the most effective measures needs to be against the sources. Small-scale water treatment plants needs to be constructed in each village in the rural areas. As for the industrial effluent, the effluent discharge needs to be strictly monitored. Government subsidy for the establishment of treatment plant for livestock wastes is necessary. 2. The establishment of national-wide network for agricultural water quality. The network for agricultural water quality have been operated to conserve the agricultural water quality, and to develop management policies by the assessment of water pollution in the rural areas. The results of agricultural water quality network indicates that the water quality is degrading not only around urban areas but also in the distant rural areas, and the water quality at the pumping stations and weirs is worse than that of reservoirs. 3. The legal, systematic, and technical approaches for the agricultural water quality management. The actions currently implemented for the improvement of agricultural water quality involve temporary measures such as the improvement of irrigation facilities. These contingency measures are not effective in the long-term, and sometimes bring secondary pollution. Therefore, integrated measures covering the whole water environment such as the flow, quality, river morphology, aquatic ecosystem, and the surrounding environment, need be invented and implemented. Besides, the legal, systematic, and technical frameworks for the management are not fully established so far. The technology for the treatment of rural water pollution should be refined afterwards, and the research for the development of rural waste water treatment plant should be carried out.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.23-41
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• 2002

In this paper, changes of the coliform bacteria were investigated when aquatic plant pond was used for separating algal particles from waste stabilization ponds(WSPs). Three different types of integrated natural systems were operated. It was found that there were no significant interferences for the disinfection efficiency of two integrated systems (WSPs coupled with water hyacinth ponds) used for treating domestic sewage and upgrading the secondary effluent as well. However, when constructed wetland (CW) was combined with the shallow algal ponds and used for the secondary effluent, it seriously interfered with the disinfection efficiency due to the regrowth and/or after-growth of the coliform bacteria, which can readily metabolize the amino acids and sugars leached from plants. In order to find out the primary disinfection parameters, several sets of the batch test were run. It was found that sunlight is the most predominant factor for the coliform decay. During the night, algal toxicity partly supports the decay but during the day, deteriorates it by attenuating the sunlight. The pH in the range of 4 to 10 did not affect the decay in the dark.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2020

산업발전과 인구증가, 생활수준의 향상으로 하·폐수 발생량 및 하수처리장 연계처리수가 매년증가 하고 있다. 연계처리수는 저유량 고농도의 특징을 가지고 있다. 따라서 하수처리장 운영에 큰 영향을 미치고 연계처리수를 처리하기 위해 많은 비용도 사용되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 연계처리수의 유입 유량을 개별 반응조로 전량 유입시킬 경우 방류수 수질이 적게 상승한 시나리오를 도출했고, 모델링 결과 유입하수, 무산소조에 유입시킬 경우 방류수 수질이 가장 적게 상승하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 연계처리수의 유입 유량을 유입하수와 무산소조로 분배하여 유입시킬 경우에 대하여 분배 비율에 대한 다양한 시나리오를 생성했다. 다양한 시나리오를 통해 모델링을 진행한 결과 유입하수(80%), 무산소조(20%)의 비율로 연계처리수의 유입유량을 분배 유입 시킬 경우 TN, TP의 수질이 가장 적게 상승하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.2313-2321
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• 2014

정수장, 하수처리장, 폐수처리장의 배출수 처리공정에서 고 농도의 슬러지 선별, 이송 및 약품 투입량 조절을 위한 기준으로 슬러지 농도계가 사용되고 있다. 본 논문은 슬러지 농도계의 정도 향상과 문제점 개선을 통해 배출수 처리공정의 운영 효율화와 자동화 기반을 마련하고자 한다. 센서를 다중빔으로 설계 및 최소편차 선형평균 필터링을 적용하여 농도계의 정도 향상과 안정성을 실현하였으며, 부단수 방식의 센서 착탈 설계로 배출수 시설 운영중에도 유지관리가 가능토록 하였다. 이렇게 구현된 다중빔 방식 슬러지 농도계의 성능을 Pilot Plant를 통하여 다양하게 검증하였다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2016

국내 하수처리장의 증가 및 방류수 수질기준 강화 등에 따라 하수 슬러지의 발생량은 지속적으로 증가하는 추세이다. 기존 하수 슬러지는 소각과 해양배출 등으로 처리하였지만, 대기오염과 해양배출 금지 등에 따라 최근에는 자원화 또는 에너지화 방법 등을 연구하고 있다. 그러나 전반적인 기술의 수준 및 적용기술에 대한 체계적인 분석 등이 부족하여 관련 기술에 대한 향후 분석이 필요한 실정이다. 본 논문은 슬러지 처리기술, 고체연료화 및 바이오가스 증산 활용기술을 대상으로 관련 특허, 논문 동향을 조사하였다. 또한, 국내 외 연구개발 추이를 분야별 5개 국가별(한국, 일본, 중국, 미국, 유럽)로 조사 및 분석하였다. 향후 슬러지의 효과적 처리를 위해 필요한 기술 분야를 제시하였다.