• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2024

Grouting sleeves are an essential connecting component of prefabricated components, and the quality of grouting has a significant influence on structural integrity and seismic performance. The embedded grouting sleeve (EGS)'s grouting defects are highly undetectable and random, and no effective monitoring method exists. This paper proposes an ultrasonic guided wave method and provides a set of guidelines for selecting the optimal frequency and suitable period for the EGS. The optimal frequency was determined by considering the group velocity, wave structure, and wave attenuation of the selected mode. Guided waves are prone to multi-modality, modal conversion, energy leakage, and dispersion in the EGS, which is a multi-layer structure. Therefore, a time-reversal (TR)-based multi-mode focusing and dispersion automatic compensation technology is introduced to eliminate the multi-mode phase difference in the EGS. First, the influence of defects on guided waves is analyzed according to the TR coefficient. Second, two major types of damage indicators, namely, the time domain and the wavelet packet energy, are constructed according to the influence method. The constructed wavelet packet energy indicator is more sensitive to the changes of defecting than the conventional time-domain similarity indicator. Both numerical and experimental results show that the proposed method is feasible and beneficial for the detection and quantitative estimation of the grouting defects of the EGS.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2000

Pneumatic cylinder is widely used for mechanical handling systems. Often, the impact occurs at the both ends points of pneumatic cylinder and generates destructive shock with in the structural operating members of the machine or equipment. To reduce the damage of system, therefore, shock absorbing devices are required. Cushioning of pneumatic cylinders at one or both ends of piston stroke is used to reduce the shock and vibration. The cylinder body have to withstand under high velocity and load. In this research, the pneumatic cushioning cylinder moving tests have been conducted for different load mass and supply pressure. The velocity of pneumatic cylinder actuation system with multiple orifice cushion sleeve which is set vertically controled with meter-in/out system. This study examines the dynamic characteristics of pneumatic cylinder with cushion devices. It turns out that the cushion pressure is mainly a function of the external load rather than the supply pressure. The cushion region characteristics was also revealed in the meter-in system.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.460-472
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• 2011

This paper developed motifs through the use of images of masks with which the Korean innate consciousness of aesthetics is expressed. The motifs were applied to fashion items. This paper investigated the concept, origin and types of traditional masks through the existing literature. Using the computer graphic programs of Illustrator and Photoshop CS2, three basic motifs were set from the images of the nobleman, Bune of Hahoi Tal and Byeongsan Tal. Each motif was extended into two motifs by changing shape and color. For the basic motif design, this study sought to express contemporary images, suitably for each fashion item, while maintaining the basic shape of the masks and their traditional images. In addition, this study set the concept of the design so that could be accepted by various age groups. For the design of handkerchiefs, a rotating array, involving enlargement, reduction, repetition, and the gradation of motifs, as well as a diagonal symmetric array, and all-over patterns were developed. The T-shirt design created here was divided into a half-sleeve box type, a round neckline sleeveless type, a V-neckline close-fitting sleeveless type, and a V-neckline close-fitting cap sleeve type. For the design of necklaces, OLED or LED, which are considered as a future display type, was used. Additionally, the production of an entertainment styled new atmosphere is proposed.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.665-674
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to develop a grading increment at armhole area by apparel CAD(Computer Aided Design) system. In developing a grading increment at armhole area, we analyzed ease values of armhole area in bodice and sleeve by manual drafting patterns of five sizes. We suggested grading increments applied Pythagorean theorem to development the grading increment of the armhole of sleeve. The results and discussions of this study were as follows: 1. In drafting each size, the ease values were not identical. It was difficult to draft perfectly the same armhole line shape between sizes. 2. According to our developed grading increments applied Pythagorean theorem, the ease values were identical between sizes and difference of the armhole length between sizes was also identical. 3. The grading formulas were made out for apparel CAD system. Once grading increment or formula is set in the computer, it can be easily altered to various clothing items at any time. The efficiency of grading work will be also improved and grading time will be reduced.

• 복식
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• 제60권8호
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• pp.67-85
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• 2010

School uniform has improved greatly in terms of fit, size, function, and design due to steep competition in the market and the strong interest of researcher, while little effort has been made for physical training uniform, so the objective of this study is to provide basic research data of the training uniform for the improvement of its design and fitness. For this purpose, 327 high school girls provided information on size and design of their uniform, level of satisfaction, the recognized ease in uniform. Most students wore the physical training uniform in another classes and the long sleeved shirt were the most popular one. They often used the uniform for the protection from cold and for comfortable activeness. For a long sleeved shirt, most students preferred raglan sleeve, zip-up collar, straight waist line, and ribbed sleeve cuffs and hem. For long pants, students preferred elastic waist band and ribbed pants cuffs. Currently, the short-sleeved shirt mostly had a shirts collar, ribbed hem, straight waist line with raglan sleeve, but students wanted a round neck and set-in sleeve. For overall level of satisfaction, students showed high satisfaction in terms of function and psychological effect, while aesthetic quality of the uniform was needed to be much improved. Most students evaluated that the circumference of uniforms properly fit or had a little ease, and students considered waist size the most suitable. The long pants length evaluated properly fit or a little long. Students accepted that the ease of summer uniform was more suitable than winter uniform's both at circumference and at length. Depending on students' height distribution, the length of long pants and short pants varied significantly.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.57-71
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• 2021

The purpose of the study is to derive an appropriate knitting method that can increase the appearance, wearability, and functionality through empirical research on the sleeve height knitting ratio of seamless knit wear. The study was conducted by producing seven types of experiment clothes according to knitting ratio to examine the characteristics according to the body armhole and sleeve height ratio. Specifically, after fit evaluatins, variance analysis (ANOVA) was performed to analyze the results of the evaluation, and the evaluated contents were converted into data. Among them, the items with significant results were intensively studied using the Duncan-test. The result showed that the height and the width of the sleeves vary depending on the knitting ratio. Test sweater A was the highest at 16cm, followed by test sweater B, test sweater C, test sweater D, test sweater E, test sweater F, and test sweater G at 4cm. The 1:1 ratio of test sweater A, was the highest, which is knitted in the same course as the body. The larger the difference in the ratio of body and sleeve, the lower the height of the sleeves. As a result of the appearance sensory evaluation, a significant difference was confirmed in the result values (p<0.001) from all items on the front, side, and rear. Specifically, the appearance of the test sweater B(2:4:2) on the front and test sweater C(2:4:3) on the side and rear side was the best. When the sleeves height is properly set, the ratio of the arm line to fit the design with a natural curve is analyzed as a very important factor. The results of this study are expected to be of practical use in product development and production that can increase the feeling when wearing and design satisfaction.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.487-495
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• 2018

환형 갭과 핀틀갭의 면적을 동시에 제어할 수 있는 가변 슬리브 인젝터의 분무특성을 실험적으로 분석하고, 넓은 추력범위에서 일정한 성능으로 제어할 수 있는 방안을 연구하였다. 슬리브의 개도에 관계없이 일정한 차압을 설정한 경우 설계유량을 만족하지 못하는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 개선하기 위해 개도에 따라 환형 갭과 핀틀 갭에서의 차압을 개도에 따라 다르게 적용하였다. 운용범위 내에서 설계 유량을 만족하였고, 선형적인 슬리브 면적으로 25%에서 100%까지 선형적으로 추력제어가 가능한 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2019

This study utilized the wearing test of subjects and a preference survey to determine wearing preference on types of blouses according to shoulder angle. The shoulder angles of the subjects were set as average shoulder, slopping shoulder, and square shoulder. The blouse sleeves were set as set-in, raglan, and kimono according to five domestic clothing construction books. A total of 15 blouses were made and tested by different bodices and sleeve types. The wearing test of subjects had the human subjects evaluate the appearance of the subject looking at the mirror while standing as well as evaluated the sensation test while not looking at the mirror. The preference survey was given to 100 females and was conducted using photos with combinations of three types of sleeves and shoulder angles in a survey under the same conditions. The average shoulder showed that set-in with the highest score in the wearing test was also preferred in the preference survey. The slopping shoulder evaluated the highest score in the wearing test by mirror; however, the preference survey showed that raglan was the most preferred choice. The squared shoulder showed that raglan with a high score in the wearing test by mirror was also preferred in the preference survey.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1979

The purpose of this study were : (1) to analyze the commercial sizes in Korea , (2) to investigate the designs and materials of one-piece dresses, and (3) to ascertain the prices and tendency to sale of dresses. A questionaire and the interviews with some producers were used for this study. The questionaire was made with many items after the pretest. For the statistical analysis, 99 dresses were used among 141 dresses which were examined. The observation of ten observers was made in markets(group A), department stores (group B), and commercial agents of manufacture (group C). The period of observation was from April 10 to May 4 , 1979. The results of this study indicated that : (1) According to makers , the commercial sizes in Korea were different. The sizes were based on only waist in group A , body measurements in group B, and either of them in group C. (2) In dress style, the box dresses were popular in three groups. (3) The type of sleeve in group A, B and C showed in following order : set in sleeve > dropped shoulder > raglan sleeve. (4) The most necklines were finished with collars. The shirtwaist collars were popular in group A and C and the flat collars in group C. (5) In dress material , cotton/polyester was popular in group A, wool in group B, and silk in group C. The use of natural fiber and color in three groups decreased in following order : C>B>A. (6) The prices of dresses were from 10,000 to 35,000 won in group A, form 23,8000 to 49, 800 won in group B, and from 12,500 to 90,000 won in group C. (7) In case of group C, the elements which had influence on sale were color, design, and price.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2017

콘크리트 구조물의 고품질화와 시공 효율성에 대한 중요성이 강조됨에 따라 프리캐스트 콘크리트 공법 적용이 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. PC공법은 공장에서 제작된 콘크리트 부재를 현장에서 조립하는 방식으로 부재접합부에 철근이음을 통한 구조체의 연속성 및 일체성 확보가 공법의 주요 현안이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 철근연결용 스플라이스 슬리브 적용에 대한 이음 및 부착성능을 평가하기 위해 철근의 직경, 철근 정착길이 및 그라우트 강도 등에 대한 변수를 설정하고 철근의 정착길이 및 그라우트 강도에 따른 이음부의 성능 및 강성을 평가하며, 각 변수들의 비교 분석을 통해 스플라이스 슬리브가 철근연결부에 영향을 미치는 인자들에 대해 고찰하였다. 그 결과, 철근연결용 스플라이스 슬리브의 성능 및 강성은 철근의 정착길이에 따른 영향이 가장 크게 나타났으며, 그라우트 강도에 따른 부착 및 성능 증진은 크지 않은 것으로 확인되었다.