• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2007

목적 : 저감마글로불린혈증은 모든 신증후군에서 관찰되고 있으나 그 병태생리는 알려져 있지 않다. 미세 변화 신증후군 환아들의 혈청 IgG와 알부민 값 간의 상관관계를 분석하고자 하였다. 방법 : 신증후군으로 진단된 46명의 환아들(단백뇨 $>40mg/m^2/h$, 혈청 알부민 값 <2.5g/dL의 초발 입원 시의 IgG, 알부민 및 층 콜레스테롤 값을 취하고, 각 지표간의 상관관계를 통계학적으로 분석하였다. 결과 : 신증후군 환아들의 평균 알부민, IgG 및 총 콜레스테롤 값은 각각 $1.7{\pm}0.3g/dL,\;368{\pm}143mg/dL,\;431{\pm}78mg/dL$이었다. 혈청 알부민과 총 콜레스테롤 값의 관계에서, 두 지표는 서로 반비례를 보였다(r=0.58, P=0.0001), 한편 알부민과 IgG 값들 간의 관계에서 정비례 관계를 보였다. (r=0.37, P=0.01). 결론 : 신증후군에서 IgG 값은 알부민 값과 연관이 있으며, 소변 내 단백 손실의 정도를 반영한다. 이러한 현상을 밝히기 위한 추가 연구가 필요 할 것으로 보인다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.2621-2624
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• 2014

The rapid and spontaneous adsorption of proteins on nanoparticle (NP) surfaces in biological fluids such as blood is an important phenomenon as it possibly determines "what the cells see" and, thus, the fates of NPs in living organisms. In order to quantitatively understand protein coronas at the molecular level, we investigated human serum albumin (HSA) coronas that were produced on silica NPs of 20 nm and 50 nm diameters using conventional gel electrophoresis. Analysis of the concentration dependence of protein adsorption showed that HSA coronas preferentially formed a monolayer on silica NPs and revealed the presence of hard protein coronas. HSA adsorption was clearly dependent on NP size, and this might be due to the different surface curvatures of NPs of different sizes.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.591-597
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• 1992

The organ distribution of $[^3H]$-methotrexate-lactosaminated bovine serum albumin conjugates ($[^3H]$-MTX-LBSA) was investigated to examine their role as a liver-specific anticancer drug. Synthesis of lactosaminated bovine serum albumin(LBSA) with BSA, lactose and sodium cyanoborohydride through reductive amination was followed by its conjugation with methotrexate (MTX) and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), thereby synthesizing [$[^3H]$-MTX-LBSA conjugates. Organ distribution and plasma elimination profiles were studied in male Wistar rats after intravenous injection of [$[^3H]$-MTX-LBSA conjugates. The fates of $[^3H]$-MTX and the $[^3H]$-MTX-BSA conjugates´fates were also investigated for comparison. The results showed that the plasma level of $[^3H]$-MTX-LBSA conjugates declined more rapidly than those of $[^3H]$-MTX-BSA and their liver concentration was significantly higher than those of other treatment (p<0.01). In addition, their uptake compared to the amount taken up by the liver (1 : 33.1 at 10 min, 1 : 24.1 at 120 min). All these suggested that MTX-LBSA conjugate is one of the drug delivery system (DDS) that is advanced in concentrating MTX in the liver and minimizing the renal toxicity of MTX.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.286-291
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• 2000

고품질의 수산양식식품의 생산을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 조피볼락의 사료에 황토5%∼ 15%의 농도로 첨가하여 7주간 사육한 후 혈청성분을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 황토의 화학 적 조성을 분석한 결과 SiO2 49.80%, Al2O3 27.50%, FeO3 8.33%, CaO 0.09%, MgO 0.64%, K2O 1.62%, Na2O 0.12%, P2O5 0.20%, MnO 0.03%를 함유하여 여러 가지 생리활성을 가지는 zeolite의 화학 적 조성과 유사한 다량의 무기질을 함유하고 있는 것이 확인되었다. 혈청중의 총단백질과 알부민 함량 은 대조구에 비하여 황토 첨가구에서 다소 높게 나타났다. 혈청중의 중성지방과 콜레스테롤 함량은 대 조구에 비하여 황토 첨가구에서 낮게 나타났으며, 황토첨가농도가 10%까지는 첨가량이 증가할수록 크게 감소하다가 그 이후는 다시 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 혈청중의 빌리루빈 함량은 15% 첨가구를 제외한 모든 실험구에서 대조구에 비하여 낮게 나타났다. 혈청중의 헤모글로빈 함량은 대조구에 비하여 7.5%, 10% 첨가구에서 높게 나타났으며, 5%, 12.5%, 15% 첨가구에서는 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.693-699
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• 2005

Protein-calorie malnutrition is common in maintenance dialysis patients. Indeed, diabetic patients with chronic renal failure are considered to be at increased risk of malnutrition. The aim of this study was to compare the nutritional status and markers of inflammation of hemodialysis patients with and without type 2 diabetes. We compared nutritional parameters and C-reactive protein (CRP) as a marker of inflammation in 30 type 2 diabetic patients and age-matched 30 non-diabetic patients with hemodialysis. Serum albumin was significantly lower in patients with type 2 diabetes $(3.45\pm0.43g/dL)$ than in non-diabetic patients $(3.64\pm0.36 g/dL)$ (p<0.05). In contrast, the concentration of serum CRP was significantly higher in type 2 diabetes $(1.42\pm1.8mg/dL)$ (p<0.05). There were significant negative-relationships between serum albumin and CRP level in both diabetic (r=-0.553, p<0.01) and non-diabetic (r=-0.579, p<0.01) patients. In diabetic patients, serum albumin level was significantly correlated with hemoglobin (r = 0.488, p < 0.01) and hematocrit (r=0.386, p < 0.01). Diabetic patients as compared to non-diabetic patients showed a significant (p < 0.01) increased serum triglyceride (TG) $(153.1\pm80.1mg/dL\;vs\;101.6\pm62.4mg/dL)$ and decreased serum HDL cholesterol $(36.89\pm13.48mg/dL\;vs\;47.00\pm14.02mg/dL,\;P<0.05)$. There were significant correlations in the intake of calorie and serum albumin levels in both diabetic (r=0.438, p< 0.05) and non-diabetic (r=0.527, p<0.05) patients. Serum CRP level was negatively correlated with calorie (r= -0.468, p < 0.05), protein (r=-0.520, p < 0.01) and fat intakes (r=-0.403, p < 0.05) in diabetic patients and calorie (r=-0.534, p<0.05) and protein intakes (r=-0.559, p<0.05) in non-diabetic patients. The prevalence of protein malnutrition and the risk factors of cardiovascular disease were significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients than in non-diabetic hemodialysis patients. Thus, we can suggest that the higher comorbidity and mortality rate in diabetic hemodialysis patients are partially explained by malnutrition and inflammation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1048-1057
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• 1994

Nonobese NIDDM patients were studied were studied with respect to changes in visceral protein status, serum glucose and lipids and insulin secretion capacity before and after intake of enteral formula. Patients with renal or hepatic disease, gastrectomy, malabsorption, weight gain over past 6 months and poorly controlled blood glucose level were excluded. Eighteen patients served as case and administered, in addition of their usual diet, 400ml of enteral formula for 8 weeks. Another 18 patients participated in controls and had usual food intake for 8 weeks. In the begining, the levels of fasting and postprandial glucose, glycated hemoglobin, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, albumin, total protein and transferrin and glucose response area on oral glucose tolerance test were not different between two groups. The response areas of insulin, C-peptide and free fatty acid and serum IGF-1 level were higher in the case than in the control group. Energy intake of patients given enteral formula exceeded their estimated energy requirements(108%) and they consumed a mean of 112g protein per day. Patients given enteral formula showed an increase in body weight(4.4%), serum transferrin(10%), IGF-1(13%) and triglyceride(34%) while controls showed no changes in those parameters at 8 weeks compared to initial values. There were no significant changes after 8 weeks in the levels of glucose, glycated hemoglobin, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, total protein and albumin and response areas of glucose, insulin, C-peptide and free fatty acid in both groups compared to initial values. This study suggests that nutrition supplement with enteral formula can increase body weight and visceral protein status in nonobese NIDDM patients without changes in blood glucose. However, excessive calorie intake could temporarily increase serum triglyceride. In addition, this study indicates that serum transferrin and IGF-1 are more sensitive indicators to changes of protein intake than serum albumin and total protein.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2019

Objective: Adriamycin (ADR) is an important anti-cancer drug which can cause renal toxicity. Given the known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Plantago major (P. major), the aim of this study was to determine the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of P. major on ADR- induced nephropathy in rats. Methods: Fifty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 5 groups including: control, ADR (5 mg/kg), ADR + P. major (600 and 1200 mg/kg) and P. major (1200 mg/kg). The animals were treated with P. major extract for 5 consecutive weeks and ADR was intravenously injected on the 7th day of the study. Urine and serum samples were collected on days 0, 14, 21, 28, and 35 for the measurement of serum cholesterol and albumin levels and urine protein excretion rate. At the end of the study, the left kidneys were removed for apoptosis assessment. Results: Administration of ADR significantly decreased serum albumin level and increased serum cholesterol and urine protein excretion rate as well as, apoptotic cell numbers compared to the control group (P < 0.001) while had no effect on glomerular filtration rate (P > 0.05). Treatment with P. major, in both 600 and 1200 mg/kg doses, increased serum albumin level and decreased serum cholesterol concentration, urine protein excretion rate and as well as the number of apoptotic cell compared to the ADR group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results showed that the P. major extract effectively protects against ADR- induced nephropathy by reducing kidney apoptosis and improving renal functioning in rats.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.127-132
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• 1996

한국인 일반 정신박약자들의 핵형 및 혈청단백질을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 정신박약자 35명 중 3명에서 fragile X 염색체를 발견하였고 그 빈도는 4~l5%였다. Fragile X 증후군 환자들의 혈청단백질의 농도는 5.73$\pm$0.89(g/ dl) 이었고 albumin과 globulin의 비는 0.86$\pm$0.14 이었다. 일반 정신박약자들의 혈청단백질 농도는 6.83$\pm$0.72(g/dl) 이었고 이중 albumin과 globulin의 비는0.87$\pm$0.47 이었다. Fragile X증후군환자 및 일반정신박약자들의 혈청단백질 농도 및 albumin과 globulin의 비는 정상인 및 Down 증후군환자들 보다 낮았다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.88-97
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• 1993

Anterior abdominal scintigraphy after intravenous injection of $^{99m}Tc$-human serum albumin ($^{99m}Tc$-HSA 20 mCi) was done in 16 patients with connective tissue diseases and 15 healthy control patients. Patients with proteinuria or hepatopathy were excluded. 1) 7 (44%) patients among 16 connective tissue disease patients without the apparent evidence of external protein loss showed abnormal intestinal accumulation of albumin. 6 patients with positive albumin scintigraphy showed bypoalbuminemia. 2) There was no false positive scintigraphic finding in control group. 3) The serum albumin level in connective tissue disease patients ($3.1{\pm}0.6 g/dl$, n=16) was lower than control patients ($3.9{\pm}0.3 g/dl$, n=15) (p<0.0001). 4) The serum albumin level was lower in connective tissue disease patients with positive $^{99m}Tc$-HSA scan ($2.8{\pm}0.6 g/dl$, n=7) than the connective tissue disease patients with negative scan ($3.3{\pm}0.3 g/dl$, n=9) (p<0.05). 5) The hemoglobin level in connective tissue disease patients with positive nan ($10.6{\pm}2.91 g/dl$) was lower than that of the control group ($13.6{\pm}1.5 g/dl$) (p<0.05). Mypoalbuminemia is frequently involved in chronic connective tissue diseases. Protein losing enteropathy (PLE) is also responsible for the majority of the bypoalbuminemia in these patients. But it has been ignored because the conventional method for the diagnosis of PLE was difficult to perform. $^{99m}Tc$-HSA scan also must be validated by more extended study and comparison with the quantitative study such as stool ${\alpha}-1$ antitrypsin measurement. There must be a reevaluation of PLE in various diseases especially in connective tissue diseases with easy, fast, economical, and non-invasive method.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.491-499
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• 2003

Selenium is a strong antioxidant trace mineral, scavenging free radicals. The prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases is increasing in Korean adults with increasing age. The increased cell damage from free radicals has been implicated in the etiology of these diseases, and evidence is accumulating that the low selenium status that comes with advanced aged is involved in the prevalence of age-associated diseases. However, little is known about the selenium status of Koreans, its age-related change and its relationship to dietary nutrient intake. In this study, the serum selenium levels of healthy adult females according to life cycle and its association with blood albumin levels and nutrient intake were examined. Serum selenium level was measured with the Huwo research reactor using the neutron activation analysis method (NAA). The overall proportion of women with selenium deficiency, serum selenium concentrations below 7.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dl, was 9.4%. The average serum selenium levels were 12.39 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dl, 9.45 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dl and 9.16 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dl in the young adult, middle-aged and elderly groups, respectively, showing a reduction of selenium status with advancing age. Selenium deficiency was seen only in the elderly group. Generally, serum selenium levels positively or negatively correlated with nutrient intake, but these association patterns differed depending on the age. The nutrients that showed positive correlations with selenium levels were proteins and phosphate in the young adult group (p < 0.05, p < 0.05), and total calcium, potassium and vegetable-origin calcium in the middle-aged group. Vitamin C and fiber were the negative correlated nutrients with serum selenium levels in the elderly group (p < 0.05, p < 0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis of the determining factors responsible for selenium status showed that age and serum albumin levels were important factors which explained up to 26.9% variances in serum selenium levels. The average selenium concentrations of Korean adult female subjects were above the deficiency levels in all three age groups. There was a tendency toward decreasing selenium levels as the age of the subjects increased. The factors with the strongest in-fluence on selenium status in healthy adult Korean females were age and serum protein status. (Korean J Nutrition 36(5): 491~499, 2003)