• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1065-1071
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• 2013

The swine leukocyte antigen class II molecules are possibly associated with the induction of protective immunity. The study described here was to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms in exon 2 of the swine DQA gene and piglet diarrhea. This study was carried out on 425 suckling piglets from three purebred pig strains (Large White, Landrace and Duroc). The genetic diversity of exon 2 in swine DQA was detected by PCR-SSCP and sequencing analysis, eight unique SSCP patterns (AB, BB, BC, CC, CD, BD, BE and DD) representing five specific allele (A to E) sequences were detected. Sequence analysis revealed 21 nucleotide variable sites and resulting in 12 amino acid substitutions in the populations. A moderate level polymorphism and significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium of the genotypes distribution were observed in the populations (p<0.01). The association analysis indicated that there was a statistically significant difference in the score of piglet diarrhea between different genotypes, individuals with genotype CC showed a lower diarrhea score than genotypes AB ($0.98{\pm}0.09$), BB ($0.85{\pm}0.77$) and BC ($1.25{\pm}0.23$) (p<0.05), and significantly low than genotype BE ($1.19{\pm}0.19$) (p<0.01), CC genotype may be a most resistance genotype for piglet diarrhea.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.624-630
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• 2016

Many studies have reported the frequency and distribution of haplogroups among various cattle breeds for verification of their origins and genetic diversity. In this study, 318 complete sequences of the mtDNA control region from four Korean cattle breeds were used for haplogroup classification. 71 polymorphic sites and 66 haplotypes were found in these sequences. Consistent with the genetic patterns in previous reports, four haplogroups (T1, T2, T3, and T4) were identified in Korean cattle breeds. In addition, T1a, T3a, and T3b sub-haplogroups were classified. In the phylogenetic tree, each haplogroup formed an independent cluster. The frequencies of T3, T4, T1 (containing T1a), and T2 were 66%, 16%, 10%, and 8%, respectively. Especially, the T1 haplogroup contained only one haplotype and a sample. All four haplogroups were found in Chikso, Jeju black and Hanwoo. However, only the T3 and T4 haplogroups appeared in Heugu, and most Chikso populations showed a partial of four haplogroups. These results will be useful for stable conservation and efficient management of Korean cattle breeds.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.6-16
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• 2015

This study established the genetic characterisation of 10 microsporidian isolates infecting non-mulberry silkworms (Antheraea assamensis and Samia cynthia ricini) collected from biogeographical forest locations in the State of Assam, India, using PCR-based markers assays: inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). A Nosema type species (NIK-1s_mys) was used as control for comparison. The shape of mature microsporidian spores were observed oval to elongated, measuring 3.80 to $4.90{\mu}m$ in length and 2.60 to $3.05{\mu}m$ in width. Fourteen ISSR primers generated reproducible profiles and yielded 178 fragments, of which 175 were polymorphic (98%), while 16 RAPD primers generated reproducible profiles with 198 amplified fragments displaying 95% of polymorphism. Estimation of genetic distance coefficients based on dice coefficients method and clustering with un-weighted pair group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis was done to unravel the genetic diversity of microsporidians infecting Indian muga and eri silkworm. The similarity coefficients varied from 0.385 to 0.941 in ISSR and 0.083 to 0.938 in RAPD data. UPGMA analysis generated dendrograms with two microsporidian groups, which appear to be different from each other. Based on Euclidean distance matrix method, 2-dimensional distribution also revealed considerable variability among different identified microsporidians. Clustering of these microsporidian isolates was in accordance with their host and biogeographic origin. Both techniques represent a useful and efficient tool for taxonomical grouping as well as for phylogenetic classification of different microsporidians in general and genotyping of these pathogens in particular.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.127-142
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• 2018

A new species of Eudactylopus Scott A., 1909 is described from the southern coast of Korea. The specimens were collected using a light trap set overnight at the entrance near a pier. Eudactylopus yokjidoensis n. sp. is similar to E. andrewi Sewell, 1940 and E. spectabilis (Brian, 1923) in two key respects: similar length of proximal and distal inner setae on female P2 enp-2, and modification of two subapical setae on male P2 endopod. However, E. yokjidoensis can be differentiated from the two species by following morphological characteristics: in females, the length ratio of cephalothorax/2nd-4th thoracic somites combined is smaller in E. yokjidoensis than other two species (1 : 0.8 vs. 1 : 1); antennule has nine segments (vs. 7-segmented in E. andrewi); P2 to P4 each bears a process in medial distal margin of basis, while it is just smooth in E. spectabilis; in males; the length ratio of cephalothorax to 2nd-4th thoracic somites combined is smaller in E. yokjidoensis than other two species (1 : 0.6 vs. 1 : 1 in E. andrewi and 1 : 0.8 in E. spectabilis); and P5 exopod has a comb-like innermost seta, while it is bipinnate seta in E. spectabilis. To prove the Korean species of Eudactylopus to be new, full descriptions of both sexes are given here, and the claim is supported by distinct genetic differences between E. yokjidoensis and E. spectabilis (22.3-22.7%) in the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I(mtCOI) sequence.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.709-719
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 고속 근거리 데이터 전송을 위해 새로운 협동 다이버시티를 얻기 위한 실내 환경에 적합한 UWB(Ultra Wideband) MIMO(Multiple Input and Multiple Output) 채널 시스템을 제안한다. 셀과 유사하게 4개 또는 8개의 안테나를 이용하는 협동 UWB 네트워킹에 의한 다중 안테나 시스템을 고찰하였다. 먼저, 4개의 안테나를 갖는 실내 UWB 네트워킹, 이어서 4개의 안테나를 갖는 실외 UWB 네트워킹, 그리고 마지막으로 8개의 안테나를 이용하여 실외에서 실내로 향하는 이동국을 포함하는 UWB 네트워킹의 3가지 상황에 대해서 고찰한다. 본 제안에서 는 좌표(coordinate) 인터리브 시공간 부호(space time codes)와 UWB 신호가 이용된다. 이론적 상한과 시뮬레이션은 제안 알고리즘에 의해 산란 전파환경 및 상관 채널에서 간단하게 다이버시티를 달성할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.81.2-82
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• 2003

Plants have evolved along with pathogens, and they have developed sophisticated defense systems against specific microorganisms to survive. G-protons are considered one of the upstream signaling components working as a key for the defense signal transduction pathway. For activation and inactivation of G-protein, GTP-biding proteins are involved. GTP -binding proteins are found in all organisms. Small GTP-binding proteins, having masses of 21 to 30kD, belong to a superfamily, often named the Ras supefamily because the founding members are encoded by human Ras genes initially discovered as cellular homologs of the viral ras oncogene. Members of this supefamily share several common structural features, including several guanine nucleotide binding domains and an effector binding domain. However, exhibiting a remarkable diversity in both structure and function. They are important molecular switches that cycle between the GDP-bound inactive form into the GTP-bound active form through GDP/GTP replacement. In addition, most GTP-binding proteins cycle between membrane-bound and cytosolic forms. such as the RAC family are cytosolic signal transduction proteins that often are involved in processing of extracellular stimuli. Plant RAC proteins are implicated in regulation of plant cell architecture secondary wall formation, meristem signaling, and defense against pathogens. But their molecular mechanisms and functions are not well known. We isolated a RacB homolog from rice to study its role of defense against pathogens. We introduced the constitutively active and the dominant negative forms of the GTP-hinging protein OsRacB into the wild type rice. The dominant negative foms are using two forms (full-sequence and specific RNA interference with RacB). Employing southern, and protein analysis, we examine to different things between the wild type and the transformed plant. And analyzing biolistic bombardment of onion epidermal cell with GFP-RacB fusion protein revealed association with the nucle.

• ALGAE
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.213-224
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• 2020

The freshwater red algal genus Sheathia contains species with heterocortication (both bulbous and cylindrical cells covering the main axis) and homocortication (only cylindrical cells). When the genus was proposed, the species with heterocortication were revised, but all specimens with homocortication were assigned to Sheathia arcuata with the caveat that it may represent a species complex. Recent studies have described new species with homocortication and S. arcuata has been rendered paraphyletic. In the current study, new sequences of the rbcL and 5′ region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I markers were combined with previously published data to construct a robust phylogeny and circumscribe new species. Four new species, S. abscondita, S. californica, S. plantuloides, and S. transpacifica are proposed. Examination of morphological characters among homocorticate species show no diagnostic characters to distinguish among species, whereas S. plantuloides is only known from sporophytes (chantransia) so it lacks the typical morphological characters derived from the gametophytes for comparison. Although DNA sequence data would be needed to make a positive species identification, geography could be employed to narrow the identification to one or two species. The genus is geographically widespread having been recorded from oceanic islands and five continents, whereas the individual species typically occur on a single continent. With this study, the number of species recognized in Sheathia is raised to 17; seven heterocorticate and 10 homocorticate, making this genus one of the most species rich in the Batrachospermales. As well, the resulting phylogeny provides insights into the evolution of heterocortication in Sheathia.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2006

Twenty isolates of Didymella bryoniae were isolated from infected cucurbit plants in various growing areas of southern Korea in 2001 and 2002. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) group [RG] I of D. bryoniae was more virulent than RG IV to watermelon. Virulence of the RG I isolate was strong to moderate to cucumber, whereas that of the RG IV varied from strong, moderate to weak. Two hundred seventy-three amplified fragments were produced with 40 primers, and were analyzed by a cluster analysis using UPGMA method with an arithmetic average program of NTSYSPC. At the distance level of 0.7, two major genomic DNA RAPD groups were differentiated among 20 isolates. The RG I included 7 isolates from watermelon and one isolate from melon, whereas the RG IV included 12 isolates from squash, cucumber, watermelon and melon. Amplification of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and small subunit rRNA region from the 20 isolates yielded respectively a single fragment. Restriction pattern with 12 restriction enzymes was identical for all isolates tested, suggesting that variation in the ITS and small subunit within the D. bryoniae were low. Amplification of the genomic DNAs of the tested isolates with the sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) primer RG IF-RG IR specific for RG I group resulted in a single band of 650bp fragment for 8 isolates out of the 20 isolates. Therefore, these 8 isolates could be assigned into RG I. The same experiments done with RG IIF-RG IIR resulted in no amplified PCR product for the 20 isolates tested. An about 1.4 kb-fragment amplified from the RG IV isolates was specifically hybridized with PCR fragments amplified from genomic DNAs of the RG IV isolates only, suggesting that this PCR product could be used for discriminating the RG IV isolates from the RG I isolates as well other fungal species.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.457-465
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• 2016

핵심 microsatellite 마커를 활용하여 우리나라에서 품종보호출원 및 등록된 콩 148 품종에 대한 DNA 프로파일 데이터베이스를 구축한 다음 유전적 유사도 분석을 통한 품종 식별력 정도를 조사하였다. 콩 148품종을 120개의 microsatellite 마커로 검정하고 밴드의 패턴이 명확하고 다형성 정도가 높은 핵심 마커 16개의 대립유전자의 수는 6 ~ 28개로 나타났고 평균 대립유전자의 수는 12.75개였다. PIC 값은 0.753 ~ 0.951 사이에 분포하였고 평균값은 0.863으로 아주 높았다. 콩 148 품종에 대하여 Jaccard 방법에 따라 유전적 유사도를 설정한 다음 비가중 산술평균결합에 의해 집괴분석하여 계통도를 작성하였을 때, 콩의 품종 유형 및 품종 육성 계보에 따라 5개의 대그룹으로 나누어졌으며 모든 품종이 식별이 가능하였다. 본 연구에서 콩 품종식별용 핵심 microsatellite는 품종보호출원 품종의 구별성, 균일성, 안정성의 확인, 품종진 위성과 관련된 종자분쟁, 종자 순도 관리에 매우 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.184-194
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• 2020

Macrofungi play important roles in forest ecology as wood decayers, symbionts, and pathogens of living trees. For the effective forest management, it is imperative to have a comprehensive overview of macrofungi diversity in specific areas. As a part of the National Institute of Biological Resources projects for discovering indigenous fungi in Korea, we collected macrofungi in Gayasan National Park from 2017 to 2018. These specimens were identified based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) or the nuclear large subunit rRNA (LSU) region. We discovered 17 macrofungi new to Korea: Butyrea japonica, Ceriporia nanlingensis, Coltricia weii, Coltriciella subglobosa, Crepidotus crocophyllus, Cylindrobasidium laeve, Fulvoderma scaurum, Laetiporus cremeiporus, Lentinellus castoreus, Leucogyrophana mollusca, Marasmius insolitus, Nidularia deformis, Phaeophlebiopsis peniophoroides, Phanerochaete angustocystidiata, Phlebiopsis pilatii, Postia coeruleivirens, and Tengioboletus fujianensis. We described their detailed morphological characteristics.