• Title/Summary/Keyword: separations

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Present States of Geosynthetics used in the Highway Construction (고속도로 건설에 사용되는 토목섬유 현황과 개선사항 고찰)

  • 조성민;이학구;김경석
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 1999.11c
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    • pp.157-168
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    • 1999
  • Geosynthetics are commonly used for filtering, layer separations, drainages, cutoffs, and reinforcements. In highway constructions, geotextile mats have been used for the purposes of vehicle trafficability, separations and embankment reinforcements. Geosynthetics are utilized as prefabricated vertical drains and also used as horizontal drainage layers substituted for the sand mat. Geogrids, essential element of reinforced retaining walls, are sometimes spread under the highway pavement. Besides various usage mentioned above, many type of them are also used as drainage of backfill in culverts and bridge abutments. In this paper, problems of specifications and regulations concerning mostly used geotextiles are specifically dealt with from the practical aspects of field engineering and efforts are given upon improvement of them. Especially, relevant sections of "Standard Specifications for the Highway Construction by Korea Highway Corporation"are being revised and these are introduced in detail.

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Expanding the Limits of Membrane-Based Gas Separation Materials

  • Koros, William J.
    • Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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    • 1995.09a
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    • pp.21-22
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    • 1995
  • Gas separation science and technology is among the most rapidly growing areas involving membrane-based processes. Nitrogen enrichment of air, hydrogen recovery from a broad array of stream types, and removal of acid gases from natural gases are typical of the applications in this field. Great progress has been made in the discovery of guidelines optimization of polymer structures with simultaneously high permeabilities and selectivities for these important gas pairs. The development of thin-skinned asymmetric hollow fibers have also provided structures with extremely high permeation fluxes. Especially in the case of O$_{2}$/N$_{2}$ separations, the rate of improvements in new polymeric materials for gas separations appears to be slowing to a halt. Evidence will be presented, however, that the practical tradeoff between membrane permeability and selectivity has not been reached.

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MICROLENSING BY KUIPER, OORT, AND FREE-FLOATING PLANETS

  • GOULD, ANDREW
    • Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.123-126
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    • 2016
  • Microlensing is generally thought to probe planetary systems only out to a few Einstein radii. Microlensing events generated by bound planets beyond about 10 Einstein radii generally do not yield any trace of their hosts, and so would be classified as free floating planets (FFPs). I show that it is already possible, using adaptive optics (AO), to constrain the presence of potential hosts to FFP candidates at separations comparable to the Oort Cloud. With next-generation telescopes, planets at Kuiper-Belt separations can be probed. Next generation telescopes will also permit routine vetting for all FFP candidates, simply by obtaining second epochs 4-8 years after the event. At present, the search for such hosts is restricted to within the "confusion limit" of θconfus ∼ 0.25′′, but future WFIRST (Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope) observations will allow one to probe beyond this confusion limit as well.

Phase Separations in Random Copolymer Solutions by Continuous Thermodynamics (연속열역학을 이용한 랜덤공중합체 용액의 상분리)

  • Sheo, Shin-Ho;Kim, Ki-Chang;Lee, Kwang-Rae
    • Journal of Industrial Technology
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    • v.18
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    • pp.277-287
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    • 1998
  • In this work continuous thermodynamics was adopted for describing the influence of copolymer polydispersity on phase separations in random copolymer solutions. Continuous themodynamic frameworks were formulated using the Flory-Huggin's excess Gibbs free energy model in which the concentration- and temperature-depentent terms of interaction parameter x were modified. Cloud-point curves and coexistence curves of poly(ethylene-vinylactate)/methylacetate solutions and poly(ehtylene-vinylacetate)/ethylacetate solutions were measured, and experimental data were fitted with theoretical relations formulated in this work. Calculated could-point curves were more good ageeable with experimental data than the modified Flory-Huggins's relations. Coexistence curves which were evaluated by using parameters of x estimated from experimental cloud-point curves, were found to coincide with experimental data.

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New Pervaporation Membrane for Petroleum Separation

  • Nam, Sang-Yong;John R. Dorgan
    • Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2003.07a
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    • pp.77-80
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    • 2003
  • Hydrocarbon-hydrocarbon separations are one of the most important processes in petroleum refining. Distillation process has been used for separating hydrocarbons, but this conventional process is very energy consuming. Pervaporation separation through polymeric membranes is an emerging process alternative to distillation because of energy savings, compact system installation, reduced capital investment, and other performance attributes. In hydrocarbon separations, polymeric membranes are easily swollen by hydrocarbons and can lose mechanical strength. Chemically robust membranes are needed for the separation of hydrocarbons. In this study, the blend membrane was applied to separate benzene and cyclohexane. This is a model system for aliphatic and aromatic separation. Cyclohexane is also physically very similar to benzene and as a result of the very closing boiling points (0.6$^{\circ}C$), benzene and cyclohexane form an azetrope. Thus the system provides a good model for azeotrope breaking by pervaporation. The semi-quantitative thermodynamic model predicts that the calculated selectivity increases with increasing Hydrin contents in the blend membranes. Pervaporation experiments utilizing various operating temperatures and feed concentrations with different blend membranes are compared with the result from semi-quantitative thermodynamic calculations.

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