• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.98-107
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• 2002

Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a chronic immune-mediated peripheral myelinopathy. The major clinical features include slowly progressive, painless, and asymmetric weakness, usually of distal limb muscle. Early in the course of the disease, weakness is not necessarily associated with muscle atrophy, owing to the initial primary involvement of peripheral myelin. Chronic progressive weakness is often associated with some degree of concurrent axonal loss and subsequent muscle atrophy. Sensory symptoms are usually mild or absent, and involvement of cranial and respiratory muscles is rare. The findings of multifocal motor conduction block, abnormal temporal dispersion, and focal conduction slowing at segments not at risk for common entrapment or compression injury, associated with normal sensory conduction studies along the same segments, are the hallmark electrophysiologic features of MMN. The slow progression and absence of upper motor neuron signs are the major clinical points that separate MMN from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The role of GM1 antibodies, found in high titers in 22~84% of MMN patients, remains uncertain. The contention that MMN is an autoimmune disorder is largely based on the often dramatic improvement in symptoms following the administration of intravenuos immunoglobulin or cyclophosphamide.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1602-1605
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• 2005

An audit tracer is one of the last ways to defend an attack for network equipments. Firewall and IDS which block off an attack in advance are active way and audit tracing is passive way which analogizes a type and a situation of an attack from log after an attack. This paper explains importance of audit trace function in network equipment for security and defines events which we must leave by security audit log. We design and implement security audit system for secure router. This paper explains the reason why we separate general audit log and security audit log.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 Ⅳ
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• pp.1944-1947
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a dynamic-based compression system by creating mosaic background and transmitting the change information. A dynamic mosaic of the background is progressively integrated in a single image using the camera motion information. For the camera motion estimation, we calculate affine motion parameters for each frame sequentially with respect to its previous frame. The camera motion is robustly estimated on the background by discriminating between background and foreground regions. The modified block-based motion estimation is used to separate the back-ground region.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1474-1482
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 적응적 가중치 함수를 이용하여 블록 단위의 모션 벡터를 필터링하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법에서는 먼저 인접한 영상을 받아 들여 가변적 크기의 블록 정합 방법을 이용하여 모션 벡터를 추출한다. 그리고 추출된 모션 벡터를 강건 예측에 적용하여 아웃라이어(outlier)를 제거함으로써 강건 예측에서 사용하는 동작 모델에 근접한 모션 벡터만을 추출한다. 제안된 적응적 강건 예측은 연속적인 시그모이드 가중치 함수를 사용하여 정상 자료와 아웃라이어의 소속 정도를 보다 효과적으로 표현한다. 또한, 최소화 기법의 반복 단계에서 잔여에러가 감소함에 따라 점진적으로 시그모이드 가중치 함수를 조율함으로써 정상 자료와 아웃라이어를 보다 유연하게 분리한다. 실험에서는 카메라의 동작이 포함된 비디오 데이타를 입력 받아 성능을 비교 분석함으로써 제안한 방법의 우수함을 보인다.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.139-151
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• 1997

An ATM switching system may be designed so that communications between processors of its control part can be performed via its switching network rather than a separate inter-processor communications (IPC) network. In such a system, there should be interfaces to convent IPC traffic from message format to cell format and vice versa, that is, mechanisms to perform the SAR (Segmentation And Reassembly) sublayer functions. In this paper, we concern the cell reassembly mechanism among them, mainly focussed on buffer management schemes. We consider a few alternatives to implement cell reassembly function block, namely, separated buffering, reserved buffering and shared buffering in this paper. In case of separated and reserved buffering, we employ a continuous time Markov chain for the performance evaluation of cell reassembly mechanism, judicially defining the states of the mechanism. Performance measures such as measage loss probability, mean number of message queued in buffer and average reassembly delay are obtianed in closed forms. In case of shared buffering, we compare the alternatives for implementing cell reassembly function block using simulation because it is almost impossible to analyze the mechanism of shared buffering by analytical modeling. Some illustrations are given for the performance analysis of the alternatives to implement cell reassembly function block.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제33A권11호
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• pp.140-151
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• 1996

In this study, we designed the routing structure and logic block of a SRAM cell-based FPGA with symmetrical-array architecture. The designed routing structure is composed of switch matrices, routing channels and I/O blocks, and the routing channels can be subdivided into single length channels, double length channels and global length channels. The interconnection between wires is made through SRAM cell-controlled pass transistors. To reduce the signal delay in pass transistors, we proposed a scheme raising the gate-control voltage to 7V. The designed SRAM cells have built-in shift register capability, so there is no need for separate shift registers. We designed SRAM cells in the LUTs(look-up tables) to enable the wirte operations to be performed synchronously with the clock for ease of system application. Each logic block (LFU) has four 4-input LUTs, flip-flops and other gates, and the LUTs can be used a sSRAM memory. The LFU also has a dedicated carry logic, so a 4-bit adder can be implemented in one LFU. We designed our FPGA using 0.6.mu.m CMOS technology, and simulation shows proper operation of a 4 bit counter at 100MHz.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2021

A comparative study was conducted to examine the effects of mixed and separate gender feeding on growth performance of Korean native chickens (KNC) against a white semi-broiler (WSB) and a commercial broiler (CB) over five weeks. 576 chicks were used with eight birds per cage in a randomized complete block design with 18 replicates per breed. For the KNC lines, three groups of male (M), female (F) and mixed-gender (FM) were used. Fresh water and feed were supplied on an ad-libitum basis. Birds were fed a standard starter (d 1 - 22) and grower diet (d 23 - 35). Body weight (BW), feed intake, and shank length (SL) were measured weekly. From the BW and feed consumed data, the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated. The commercial broiler showed higher performance (p < 0.05) for all the indices measured for the entire period. The CB group consumed more feed and were more feed-efficient thus grew faster. This group was followed by the white semi-broiler and the KNC, in order. An intra-breed comparison for KNCs revealed that the males showed better growth performance with longer SL (p < 0.05) compared to the female and mixed-gender groups. The results showed that other than the breed type, mixed and separate gender feeding impacted on the growth performance of the two lines of Korean native chickens. Males for both lines of KNC generally performed better for the parameters measured, as determined by a greater BW and reduced FCR.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2017

Background: No study has compared lidocaine with articaine, each at a concentration of 4% and combined with epinephrine. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 4% lidocaine with that of 4% articaine, with a concentration of 1:100,000 epinephrine added to each, in an inferior alveolar nerve block for surgery on impacted lower third molars. Method: This study was conducted at the Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University in Bangkok, Thailand. The randomized, single-blind, comparative split-mouth study was carried out in patients with symmetrically impacted lower third molars, as identified on panoramic radiographs. Each patient underwent surgery for the removal of the lower third molars by the same surgeon under local anesthesia at two separate visits, 3 weeks apart. The onset and duration of local anesthesia, intra-operative pain, surgical duration, and number of additional anesthetics administered were recorded. Results: The subjective and objective onset of action for the local anesthetics showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). However, the intra-operative pain, surgical duration, duration of local anesthesia, and number of additional anesthetics administered did not show statistically significant differences. Conclusion: The use of 4% articaine for the inferior alveolar nerve block was clinically more effective in the onset of subjective and objective anesthesia as compared with the use of 4% lidocaine. Based on the pain scores from the visual analogue scale, 4% lidocaine provided more analgesia during the procedure, and patients noted less intra-operative pain than with 4% articaine; however, the difference was not clinically significant.

• 폴리머
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.593-597
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• 2008

배기가스에 포함된 이산화탄소를 분리하기 위해 polystyrene-block-polybutadiene(SB) 이종 블록 공중합체와 폴리페닐렌 옥사이드(PPO) 블렌드로부터 기체 분리막을 제조하였다. SB/PPO 블렌드에서 폴리스티렌 블록과 PPO는 실험 범위내에서 단상의 블렌드를 형성하였다. SB/PPO 블렌드에서 PPO 함량이 증가하여 40$\sim$50wt% 범위에서 플리부타디엔 블록은 연속상에서 불연속상으로 플리스티렌 블록과 PPO로 구성된 상은 불연속상에서 연속상으로 전이가 나타났다. 전이가 관찰되는 블렌드 조성에서 급격한 기체 투과도 감소와 선택도 증가가 관찰되었다. 또 블렌드가 50 wt% 이상의 PPO를 포함할 경우 기계적 강도가 확보되어 실험한 최대 압력인 약 10기압까지 변형없이 우수한 투과도와 선택도를 갖는 기체 분리막 제조가 가능하였다.

• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1015-1024
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• 2021

엔트리, Machine Learning for Kids, Teachable Machine과 같이 블록 기반 프로그래밍 언어에서 활용할 수 있도록 인공지능을 간단히 학습시킬 수 있는 다양한 플랫폼들이 존재한다. 그러나 이와 같은 플랫폼들은 별도의 메뉴를 통해 인공지능 학습을 진행한 다음, 학습된 모델을 코드 에디터에서 활용하는 방식을 따르고 있다. 이와 같은 방식은 학습되는 과정을 학생들이 더 직관적으로 살펴볼 수 있다는 장점이 있지만, 학습 메뉴와 코드 에디터를 모두 활용해야 한다는 단점도 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 코드 에디터에서 인공지능 학습과 코딩을 모두 진행할 수 있는 인공지능 블록을 개발한다. 본 인공지능 블록은 스크래치 블록으로 제시되지만 실제 학습 과정은 파이썬 서버를 통해 수행된다. 파란색 펜과 빨간색 펜을 분류하는 모델, 덴탈 마스크와 KF94 마스크를 분류하는 모델을 학습하는 과정을 통해 본 블록에 대해 상세히 기술한다. 또, 학습 성능 면에서 Teachable Machine와 큰 차이가 없음을 실험적으로 나타내었다.