• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.506-515
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• 1991

Serum concentration of selenium were measured ; Studying 36 patients with Hepatoma. 19 with Hepatitis 15 with Liver cirrhosis and 67 Normal control to discover the correlation between serum selenum and cancer. And it have tested also the serum protein and albumin to compare the nutrition status by researching the same persons above The results of those two experiments are as follow : 1) The mean of each group of patients resulting from mearsuing the serum protein content showing 6.91$\pm$0.10g/dl in the patients with hepatoma 7.05$\pm$0.17g/dl in the ones with hepatitis 6.42$\pm$0.13g/dl in the ones with liver cirrhosis and 7.46$\pm$0.06g/dl in the normal control is all being within the normal range such as 6.0-0.8(g/dl) while the distribution is revealin 10.5%, 13.3% in the patients with hepatitis and liver cirrhosis which are below the normal range and 47.2%, 96.9%, 80.0% in the low range of normal one ; therefore in could see that patientsw compared with normal control are in low level in the serum protein content 2) The mean based on the consquence of serum albumin measurement is 3.74$\pm$0.11g/dl. 4.26$\pm$0.13g/dl 4.73$\pm$0.06g/dl in the patients with hepatoma hepatits and normal control which are in between the normal range such as 3.5-5.5(g/dl) except the patients with liver cirrhosis(3/05$\pm$0.12g/dl) while the distribution of the patients with hepatoma an liver cirrhosis is showing 27.8% 73.3% which are below the normal one and 55.5%, 52.6% and 26.7% in the patients with hepatoma hepatits and liver cirrhosis which are in the low area of normal range ; as a result It could find that patients. compared with the normal control are in low level in serum albumin measurement. 3) The mean consulting the serum concentration is 430.86$\pm$26.06$\mu\textrm{g}$/1, 192.37$\pm$18.15$\mu\textrm{g}$/1 186.73$\pm$23.99$\mu\textrm{g}$/1, 196.94$\pm$8.94$\mu\textrm{g}$/1 in the patients with hepatoma hepatitis liver cirrhosis and noramal control ; it shows 2.19 times increasing of serum selenium concentra-tion in the patients with hepatoma 'compared with the normal control and patients with hepatoma spread out at a still higher range in serum selenium concentration test. 4) The serum selenium concentration is not quite dependent on sexes and doesn't show any correlation with age, serum protein, serum albumin. The nutrition status of patients, rested on the results of those experiments, stays in low level, which is caused by that they are in low stage of serum protein and serum albu¬min. In serum selenium concentration, patients with hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, specially, show the condition as good as normal control's; while patients with hepatoma are indicating a significant increasing compared with the three groups, which can be reasoned into that there is a possibility for the patients to take selenium and chemotherapy or radiation treatment, and have high serum selenium concentration by poor excreting of seleno methionine, which is caused by low serum protein content And another thing can be reasoned is that the difference in origination mechanism hetween korean and western people. As a result, It showed that the correlation between serum selenium and seses, age, serum protein, and serum albumin neither exists nor affects on each other.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2019

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to develop selenium (Se)- and germanium (Ge)-enriched rice by foliar spray application of organic or inorganic Se and Ge. METHODS AND RESULTS: The time and frequency of organic or inorganic Se and Ge treatment were performed at the five main growth stages as followings: effective tillering stage (E), maximum tillering stage (M), booting stage (B), heading stage (H), grain filling stage (G). The main treatment plots were consisted of (1) 'once' treatment (at each E, M, B, H, G stage, Se/Ge single apply), (2) 'twice I' (at H + G stages, organic or inorganic Se/Ge apply), (3) 'twice II' (at H + G stages, mixture apply of Se + Ge + pesticide). The organic or inorganic Se treatment concentration was 20 and 40 ppm, and the Ge was 50 and 100 ppm. The Se and Ge contents in rice grain (brown rice and polished rice) were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The highest Se content was noted in brown rice 'twice I' with Se 40 ppm (1394.06) at H + G stages, but the lowest was in 'once' with Se 40 ppm ($367.79{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) at B stage. The highest of Se content in polished rice was found in 'twice I' of Se 40 ppm (1090.25) at H + G stages, but the lowest was in 'once' with Se 40 ppm ($403.53{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) at E stage. On the other hand, The highest of Ge content in brown rice was found in 'twice I' with Ge 100 ppm (398.66) at H + G stages, but the lowest was in 'once' with Ge 100 ppm ($139.64{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) at B stage. The highest of Ge content in polished rice was found in 'twice I' of Ge 100 ppm (300.29) at H + G stages, but the lowest was in 'once' with Ge 100 ppm ($142.24{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) at B stage. CONCLUSION: Se and Ge contents both in brown rice and polished rice treated with organic Se and Ge forms were higher than those of inorganic Se and Ge. Overall results concluded that the supplementation of organic Se and Ge contents in brown and polished rice contents were comparatively higher than the inorganic Se and Ge. This is results also proved that the foliar spray application of organic Se and Ge has positive nutritive effect on the rice for regular consumption.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 1994

The effects of inorganic selenium (Se), selenate and selenite on Se balance levels in the different ruminal fluid fractions were studied using Japanese Corriedale wethers with an average body weight of 47 kg. A $3{\times}3$ Latin square design was used with three animal, three periods and three treatments. In each period, there was 7 d dietary adjustment followed by 5 d total collection of urine and feces. Ruminal fluid samples were obtained at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 h postprandially on the final day of the collection period. The three dietary treatments were: (1) without Se supplementation (control); (2) with Se supplement as sodium selenate; and (3) sodium selenite at a rate of 0.2 mg Se/kg dietary DM. The basal diet was timothy hay (Phleum pratense L.) fed 2% of body weight/d. Results indicated that Se balance were higher (p < 0.05) for those animals under supplementation than those animals under control. Overall data gathered showed a similar digestion balance of selenate and selenite in sheep. Inorganic Se, both selenate and selenite produced positive Se contents of the ruminal feed particles and protozoa. Bacterial Se increased (p < 0.05) on the first three hours post-prandially in Se supplemented diets. Gross ruminal fluid fraction, although there was improvement on their Se content under the supplemented diets, the changes were insignificant over the control. free inorganic Se and Se in soluble protein of the ruminal fluid were not significantly different for selenate and selenite. Most of the Se in the ruminal fluids of the animals under supplementation were insoluble, indicating the influence of rumen environments on Se bioavaliability.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.456-463
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• 2001

The proximate composition of 3 kinds of Umbelliferaeceae Wild Plants (Angelica gigas NAKAI., Ostericum sieboldii NAKAI. and Coriandrum sativum LINNAEUS) were analyzed and used for making pork sausages as a functional ingredient. In the proximate composition, crude protein content was the highest in Ostericum sieboldii, 37.87%, and crude lipid and crude ash contents were the highest in Coriandrum sativum. Vitamin C was contained in Angelica gigas at 0.30mg%. but was not detected in Ostericum sieboldii and Coriandrum sativum. $\beta$-carotene content in Angelica gigas was the highest at 19.96%, but selenium was not detected in any of them. Total phenol content in Coriandrum sativum was the highest as 1107.43mg%. TBA and VBN values of all sausages with wild plants increased gradually during four-week-storage and were lower than those of control. Coriandrum sativum-added sausage had the lowest TBA as well as VBN valuew. During the four-week-storage at 4$\^{C}$, TBA value and VBN value were in the very safe range at all sample. Total phenol contents in sausages appeared to have more antioxidative activity than vitamin C, $\beta$-carotene and selenium, and consequently decreased the TBA values of sausages.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2009

새싹채소의 종자발아와 생장에 미치는 셀레늄 농도 처리(삽입) 효과와 흡수특성을 구명하기 위하여, 대표적인 채소류인 배추, 상추, 청경채 및 을 이용하여 다양한 셀레늄 농도 (0, 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 mg $L^{-1}$ 를 처리하였다. 종자발아는 배추, 청경채 및 갓에서 처리 농도가 증가함에 따라 억제되었지만, 상추의 경우 큰 영향을 받지 않았다. 싹의 생장에 미치는 셀레늄의 효과는 배추, 상추, 청경채 및 갓의 경우, 지상부 길이, 뿌리 길이, 생체중 및 엽록소 함량 등의 생육특성에 있어서 낮은 처리 농도 (1 mg $L^{-1}$)에서 오히려 약간의 생장 촉진 효과를 보이거나 거의 차이가 없었다. 5 mg $L^{-1}$ 이상의 농도 처리 시에는 농도가 높아짐에 따라 심각한 생육 억제 현상을 보였다. 식물체내의 셀레늄의 흡수 특성은 셀레늄을 각각 1${\sim}$25 mg $L^{-1}$ 처리 시 배추는 0.11${\sim}$1.15, 상추는 0.16${\sim}$0.61, 청경채는 0.13${\sim}$1.31 그리고 갓은 0.14${\sim}$1.13 mg $g^{-1}$dw 범위에서 셀레늄 처리농도가 높아짐에 따라 점진적으로 증가하였다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과에 의하여 1${\sim}$5 mg $L^{-1}$ 범위의 낮은 농도의 셀레늄 처리가 셀레늄 함유된 기능성 새싹채소의 생산을 위한 기초 자료로 활용 될 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.557-562
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• 1996

The effects of diets differing in protein content through soybean meal supplementation on ruminal fractionation of selenium (Se) were studied. A $3{\times}3$ Latin square design was used with three Japanese Corriedale wethers (45 kg average body weight), three periods, and three dietary treatment. The three dietary treatments were : Diet 1, without soybean meal supplementation (14% crude protein, CP); Diet 2, with 10% soybean meal supplementation (16.5% CP); and Diet 3, with 20% soybean meal supplementation (19% CP). All the diets had a Se supplementation in the form of sodium selenite at 0.2 mg Se/kg dietary DM. The Se supplement and the concentrate mixture were fed only in the morning before the hay was given. Daily feeding schedule for gay was set at 09:00 and 17:00 h. On the final day of collection period, ruminal fluid samples were obtained at 0.5, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h post-feeding starting at 09:00 h. Total ruminal fluid Se was markedly higher (p<0.05) in Diet 3 than those in Diets 1 and 2 at almost all sampling time except at 24 h. The proportion of Se in soluble protein to the total ruminal Se was higher (p< 0.05) in Diet 3 (40%) followed by Diet 2 (28%) and Diet 1 (21%). The proportion of free inorganic Se to the total ruminal Se was the reverse, especially after two hours where Diet 1 (p<0.05) was higher than the other diets. Bacterial Se was lower (p < 0.05) in Diet 1 than those in Diets 2 and 3 at any sampling time. The highest was observed at 2 h postprandially in all diets with a value of 421, 556, $655{\mu}g/kg$ bacterial DM for Diet 1, 2 and 3, respectively. No differences (p>0.05) were observed on ruminal pH, ammonia and total nolatile fatty acids although increasing protein supplementation tended to decline the ruminal pH and increase ruminal ammonia. This study concludes that increasing dietary protein content by soybean meal supplementation can affect the ruminal Se metabolism.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.984-991
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• 2006

Effects of spent composts of selenium-enriched mushroom (Se-SMC) on plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and selenium (Se) deposition in finishing Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steers were investigated. Twenty-five Hanwoo steers (average body weight = 613 kg, average age = 22 months) were allotted to treatments in five groups of five steers per pen for 12 weeks preceding slaughter. Treatments were SMC alone (CON; 0.1 ppm Se), 0.3 ppm (0.3 Se-SMC), 0.6 ppm (0.6 Se-SMC), 0.9 ppm (0.9 Se-SMC), and 0.9 ppm (sodium selenite; SENI) Se. During the experimental period, blood samples were taken to analyze Se concentrations and GSH-Px activities. Muscle and liver samples were collected for analyses of Se contents after slaughter. Dry matter intake and body weight gain were not affected by Se-SMC or sodium selenite supplementation. Selenium concentration in the whole blood and GSH-Px activity in plasma were linearly increased (p<0.01) with increasing levels of Se-SMC. The whole blood Se concentration of SENI treatment was significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of CON treatment from 4 weeks, whereas there was no significant difference in GSH-Px activities between both treatments at 8 and 12 weeks. Selenium content in the hind leg and liver increased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing levels of Se-SMC, but those of SENI treatments were not significantly different from CON treatments. These results suggested that Se in the Se-SMC was highly bioavailable to blood and tissues of ruminants, especially compared with Se in the sodium selenite. Therefore, Se-SMC might be used not only as an inexpensive way of providing Se for ruminants but also as another way of producing Se-fortified beef.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.306-312
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• 2014

This study was carried out to develop high-performance feed using selenium-sorbed $Ca^{2+}$-exchanged zeolite A. The contents of Se increased with increasing reaction temperature and the content of $Ca^{2+}$ ions in $Ca^{2+}$-exchanged zeolite A. A synthesized high-performance feed (0.306 ppm) was applied to poultry farming for 4 and 7 weeks, respectively. Se contents in chicken meats and eggs were 18.8, 27.2, and 94.1 ppb and 73.7, 14.9, and 64.5 ppb for control (retail chicken meats), 4, and 7 weeks, respectively; Ca contents were 3.8, 9.9, and 11.9 ppm and 48.6, 48.3, and 53.6 ppm, respectively. In conclusion, Se and Ca contents in chicken meats increased as feeding periods increased, but significant differences were not observed in the eggs.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2011

Exercise training (ET) and selenium (SEL) were evaluated either individually or in combination (COMBI) for their effects on expression of glucose (AMPK, PGC- $1{\alpha}$, GLUT-4) and lactate metabolic proteins (LDH, MCT-1, MCT-4, COX-IV) in heart and skeletal muscles in a rodent model (Goto-Kakisaki, GK) of diabetes. Forty GK rats either remained sedentary (SED), performed ET, received SEL, ($5\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}kg$ body $wt^{-1}{\cdot}day^{-1}$) or underwent both ET and SEL treatment for 6 wk. ET alone, SEL alone, or COMBI resulted in a significant lowering of lactate, glucose, and insulin levels as well as a reduction in HOMA-IR and AUC for glucose relative to SED. Additionally, ET alone, SEL alone, or COMBI increased glycogen content and citrate synthase (CS) activities in liver and muscles. However, their effects on glycogen content and CS activity were tissue-specific. In particular, ET alone, SEL alone, or COMBI induced upregulation of glucose (AMPK, PGC-la, GLUT-4) and lactate (LDH, MCT-1, MCT-4, COX-IV) metabolic proteins relative to SED. However, their effects on glucose and lactate metabolic proteins also appeared to be tissue-specific. It seemed that glucose and lactate metabolic protein expression was not further enhanced with COMBI compared to that of ET alone or SEL alone. These data suggest that ET alone or SEL alone or COMBI represent a practical strategy for ameliorating aberrant expression of glucose and lactate metabolic proteins in diabetic GK rats.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1566-1574
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• 2022

Objective: This study investigated the effects of dietary methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM) and selenium (Se) on the laying performance, egg quality, gut health indicators, egg yolk Se content, and antioxidant markers in laying hens. Methods: One hundred ninety-two 73-wk-old laying hens were randomly divided into four groups with eight replicates of six hens each. Four diets were prepared in a 2×2 factorial arrangement with or without MSM and Se. The trial lasted for 12 wk. Results: There were no interaction effects or main effects (p>0.05) on laying performance and egg quality. However, feed intake increased in Se-fed hens (p = 0.051) and decreased in MSM-fed hens (p = 0.067) compared with that of hens in the control group. Dietary MSM increased (p<0.05) the ileal villus height and villus height:crypt ratio in hens compared with those receiving the non-supplemented control diet. Dietary MSM and Se did not affect the percentage of short-chain fatty acids in the ileal contents. Dietary Se enriched the Se content in egg yolk compared with that of the non-supplemented control diet (p<0.05). Dietary Se increased (p<0.05) glutathione peroxidase levels in the liver and serum samples compared to the control diet. The total antioxidant capacity in the liver increased (p<0.05) in laying hens that were fed MSM-supplemented diets than in hens fed the control diet. Dietary MSM significantly increased the relative superoxide dismutase levels in serum samples (p<0.05). Conclusion: Supplementation with either MSM or Se independently improved the antioxidant capacity of laying hens. Furthermore, dietary Se produced Se-enriched eggs, but this effect was neither additive nor synergistic with dietary MSM.