• 제목/요약/키워드: seedling soil

검색결과 717건 처리시간 0.029초

번종 깊이가 인삼의 모잘록병 발생에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Seeding Epth on Severity of Damping-off Ginseng Seedlings Caused by Rhizoctonia solani)

  • 유연현;조대휘
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.432-436
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    • 1990
  • Incidence of damping-off callsed by Rhizoctonia solani was 0.6-10.9% at "Yangjik" seedbed in Pocheon, Korea. The seedbeds where the lengths of etiolated stems (underground portion) of ginseng seedlings were 0.78-1.25 cm showed 0.8-3.2% of the disease, while 6.9-10.9% disease incidence was observed at the seedbeds with the longer etiolated stem (1.89-2.26 cm). The pathogen produced a typical girdle symptom on the etiolated portion of ginseng stems close to the soil surface. The deeper the seeds were sown, the more the disease occurred in pot soil inoculated with the pathogen, AG 2-1, showing 18.4, 27.4 and 32.9% of damping-off at the seeding depth of 1, 2 and 4 cm, respectively. Cuticle layers of colored stems (over ground portion) were well - developed to be 42.8, 58.0, and 55.0 um in thickness compared to the etiolated stems with 8.5, 15.0 and 8.0um for seedling, 2 year-old, and 3 year-old ginsengs, respectively, when the disease occurred. In the seedling and 2 year-old ginseng, the colored stems were more rigid than the etiolated. There was however, no difference in rigidness of the stem of the 3 year-old ginseng where the disease is not severe as in seedlings and 2 year-old ginseng plants.ng plants.

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참외의 대목 종류가 뿌리의 발달과 활력에 미치는 영향 (Effect on Development and Activity of Roots by Rootstock Sort of Oriental Melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa Makino))

  • 신용습;서영진;최충돈;박소득;김병수
    • 생물환경조절학회지
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.352-357
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    • 2006
  • 참외의 대목종류가 뿌리의 발달과 활력에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 자근묘에 비해 접목묘의 뿌리 생장이 우수하였으며 접목묘 중에서는 세력이 강한 품종으로 알려진 '신토좌', '엘리트호박'의 생장이 좋았다. 뿌리의 활력과 관련된 일비액의 분비는 자근묘보다 접목묘에서 우수하였고 뿌리의 발달과 일비속도의 증가는 지온변화와 높은 상관관계를 나타내어 지온이 상승할수록 뿌리 발달이 촉진되고 근 활력이 우수하였다. 과실의 수량은 접목묘에서 무거웠으나 품질은 자근묘에서 높았다.

Screening methods for drought and salinity tolerance with transgenic rice seedlings

  • Song, Jae-Young;Song, Seon-Kyeong;Yu, Dal-A;Kim, Me-Sun;Kang, Kwon Kyoo;Cho, Yong-Gu
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.165-165
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    • 2017
  • Abiotic stress is one of the major serious limiting factors in rice (Oryza sativa) and caused rice production losses. It is important to precisely screen valuable genetic resources for improving stress tolerance and understanding tolerance mechanism to abiotic stresses. Because there are differences of experiment designs for screening of tolerant plant in several studies related to abiotic stress, this study has performed to provide the rapid and efficiency screening method for selection of tolerance rice to drought and salinity stresses. Two week-old rice seedlings that reached about three leaf stage were treated with drought and salinity stresses and examined tolerant levels with tolerant and susceptible control varieties, and transgenic plants. To determine the optimum concentration for the selection of drought and salinity condition, tolerant, susceptible and wild-type plants were grown under three soil moisture contents (5, 10 and 20% water contents) and three NaCl concentrations (100, 200 and 250 mM) for 10 days at seedling stage. 200 mM NaCl concentration and 5% moisture content soil were determined as the optimum conditions, respectively. The described methodologies in this study are simple and efficiency and might help the selection of drought and salinity tolerance plants at the 3,4-leaf-seedling stage.

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Evaluation Method of Weed Suppression by Rice Plant

  • Lee Sang-Bok;Ku Yeon Chung;Seong Ki Young;Song Duck Young;Seo Kyung In;Shin Jin Chul
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제50권2호
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    • pp.79-83
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    • 2005
  • Rice and weed interference in the paddy field caused by resource competition and allelopathy. Evaluation method of active weed suppressive behavior of rice to weed was developed by eliminating light competition at soil condition. Twenty eight days old rice seedlings (6-7 leaf stage) which was grown at saturated, no drainage pot were clipped above $3\~4cm$ from the soil surface. Weeds seeded around clipped rice stem, named ratoon seeding screening method, showed varietal suppressive difference to Echinochloa crus-galli, Echinochloa crusgalli var. praticola and Monochoria vaginalis. Potential allelopathic rice varieties, Sathi, AC1423 and PI312777 showed better suppressive activity to weed seedling growth than Nonganbyeo and Keumobyeo. Weed suppression of one plant of rice cultivars could be evaluated by the cell size of $2.5\times2.5cm$ at rice clipping of seedling 29 days after rice seeding.

Biomass Partitioning during Early Growth Stage of Soybean in Response to Planting Time

  • Seong, Rak-Chun
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제47권4호
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    • pp.286-291
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    • 2002
  • Seedling establishment of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a critical factor in production system and cultural practices. The objective of this study was to identify the components of soybean seedling developments encompassing planting dates and cultivars that respond to emergence, early growth stage and dry matter accumulation. Three soybean cultivars, Hwangkeumkong, Shinpaldalkong 2, and Pungsannamulkong, were planted at Baegsan silty loam soil. Planting date was May 13, June 3, and June 24 in 2001. Sprinkler irrigation was accompanied with 30mm after seeding for three planting dates. Soybean seedlings were sampled at the growth stages from VE to V5. Days to emergence of soybean seedlings were taken 8 at May 13 and 5 at June 24 plantings. Emergence percentage was over 90 at three planting dates. May 13 planting took 33 days and June 24 planting was 25 days for reaching V5 growth stage. Cotyledon number was decreased after V2. Significant cultivar difference was found in cotyledon dry weight until V2 which differed in seed dry weights at the planting times. Leaf and total dry weights of soybean seedlings were not differed from V1 to V3 among planting dates and cultivars. Leaf water contents were generally ranged 78 to 85%. Branch was appeared from V4. Leaf/stem ratio among cultivars was similar at five growth stages and gradually increased from 2.1 at V1 to 2.8 at V5. The results based on this experiment indicated that seedling establishment of soybean was continued from VE to V3 growth stages affecting mainly by planting date and soil moisture.

The ACC deaminase from rhizobateria promoted resistance of salininty stress in seedling and growth of plant

  • Soh, Byoung-Yul;Lee, Gun-Woong;Ju, Jae-Eun;Kim, Hae-Min;Chae, Jong-Chan;Lee, Yong-Hoon;Oh, Byung-Taek;Lee, Kui-Jae
    • 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국자원식물학회 2010년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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    • pp.17-17
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    • 2010
  • Rhizobacteria are a diverse group of free-living soil bacteria that live in plant rhizosphere and colonized the root system. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) possessing ACC deaminase (ACCD) can reduce ACC and ethylene in plant tissue and mediated the growth of plants under various stresses including salt stress. ACCD decrease ethylene levels in plant tissue that produce high levels of ethylene in tissue via elevated levels of ACC under salt stress. We selected strains of Pseudomonas sp. possessing ACCD activity for their ability to promote plant growth under salt stress from soil sample collected at Byeonsan, Jeonbuk, South Korea. The Pseudomonas strains possessing ACCD increased the rate of the seedling and growth of chinese cabbage seeds under salt stress. We cloned ACCD gene from P.fluorescens and expressed recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. The active form of recombinant ACCD converted ACC to a-ketobutyrate. The in vivo treatment of recombinant ACCD itself increase the rate of the seedling and growth of Chinese cabbage seeds under salt stress. The polyclonal P.fluorescens anti-ACCD antibody specifically reacted with ACCD originated from Pseudomonas. This indicates that the antibody might act as an important indicator for ACCD driven from Pseudomonas exhibiting plant growth-promoting activity. This study will be useful for identification of newly isolated PGPR containing ACCD and exploioting the ACCD activity from PGPR against various biotic and abiotic stresses.

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신개간 산지토양에서 Kieserite 시용이 혼파목초의 초기생육 및 수량에 미치는 효과 (Effects Of the Kieserite Application on the Seedling Vigour and Yield of Grass/Clover Mixed Swards on Newly Reclaimed Hilly Soil)

  • 정연규
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.31-36
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    • 2003
  • 신개간 산지토양 배지에서 초지조성비 소석회(125 kg/10a)와 3요소 표준시비를 한 조건에서 초지조성시 수음성 고토비료인 Kieserite의 시비효과를 검토하고자 하였다. 처리수준은 1) $T_1$ ; 대조구, 2)$ T_2$; 3요소 표준시비구 3) T$_3$; 3요소 표준시비구+kieserite 시비구 이였다. 1 신개간 산지토양의 낮은 비옥도 때문에 3요소 시비가 불충분한 대조구($T_1$)의 초기생육상 및 수량은 매우 불량하였다. 대조구($T_1$)에 비해서 3요소 표준시비가 된 $T_2$ 처리구에서는 초기생육상은 크게 양호하여 졌으며 kieserite 고토비료가 추가로 시용된 $T_3$ 처리구에서는 더욱 양호하였다. 2. Kieserite 시비구($_T3$)는 3요소 표준시비구($T_2$)에 비해서 orchardgrass 수량은 3.1%, ladino clover 수량은 27.5% 혼파목초의 총 수량은 12.8%의 수량증가를 보였다. kieserite 시비($T_3$)는 orchardgrass 보다 ladino clover의 정착, 초기생육상, 식생구성 비율 및 수량성에 미치는 영향이 크게 나타났으며 상대적으로 orchardgrass 목초에 대해서는 그 효과가 경미하였다.

이항기를 이용한 벼 직파방법과 파종기 및 파종량이 수량에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Seeding Methods, Dates and Rates on Grain Yield in Direct Seeding of Rice with Transplanter)

  • 안명훈;김기식;한세기;허범량;김광호
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.320-327
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    • 1990
  • 심수토중 직파재배를 할 경우 이미 보급되어 있는 이항기를 이용한 효율적인 파종방법과 북부 평야지대의 적정파종기 및 파종량을 구명하고자 천마벼를 공시하여 1986년부터 1988년까지 3년간 춘천에서 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 밭흙 또는 논흙을 상토로 하여 육묘상자에 파종한 후 이앙기를 이용한 심수토중직파가 가능하였으며, 1mm 최아하여 파종하고 간단관수로 물관리를 하는 것이 입모율이 높았다. 2. 입모율은 4월 30일과 5월 10일 파종구에서 높았으며, 입모율이 70% 이상되는 파종한계온도는 일평균 기온 14.8$^{\circ}C$, 일평균 지온 16.3$^{\circ}C$였다. 3. 출수기는 파종이 10일 늦어짐에 따라 2-3일 지연되었으며, 동일파종기에서는 직파재배가 손이앙보다 출수기가 4일 늦었고, 기계이앙보다는 1일 빨리 출수하였다. 4. 수수는 손이앙이나 기계이앙에 비하여 직파재배에서 더 많았고 입모율이 높았던 4월 30일 파종구와 상자당 200g 파종구에서 많았다. 5. 수량으로 본 적정파종기는 5월 상순으로 추정되었고, 수량성은 481kg/10a으로 손이앙 기계이앙과 같은 수준이었으며, 적정파종량은 상자당 200g으로 10a당 6kg 정도로 추정된다. 6. 심수토중직파시 수량을 증대시킬 수 있는 중요한 요인은 입모율을 높여 단위면적당 수수와 입수를 증가시키는 것이었다.

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참외 재배법 및 대목 종류에 따른 병해 및 발효과 발생 (Diseases Occurrence rind Fermented Fruit Development by Culture Methods and Rootstocks of Oriental Melon(Cucumis mezo L.))

  • 연일권;신용습;배수곤;도한우;박종욱;박소득
    • 생물환경조절학회지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.18-22
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    • 2002
  • 대목종류별 병해는 양액재배에서 토양재배보다 감소하였으며, 특히 토양재배에서 39.9∼53.3%발생하였던 덩굴마름병은 양액재배에서는 거의 나타나지 않았다. 발효과 발생은 신토좌에서 가장 높았고, 흥토좌, 자근묘 순이었는데, 양액재배에서의 발효과 발생은 대목 종류와는 관계없이 토양재배보다 급격하게 감소하여, 토양 수분의 급격한 변동이 없이 적절한 수분 관리가 이루어지면 대목 종류와는 관계없이 발효과가 저하될 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

토양전염성 식물병원균과 근권미생물의 생태학적인 관계 I. Pseudomonas putida에 의한 오이덩굴쪼김병균(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum)의 생장억제에 관하여 (Ecological relationship between soil-borne plant pathogens and rhizosphere microorganisms. I. Effects of Pseudomonas putida on the suppression of microconidia and chlamydospore germination of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum)

  • 박창석;최진식
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.186-192
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    • 1983
  • 오이덩굴쪼김병균 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum의 소형분생포자는 물한천배지상에서 Fe-EDDHA를 처리하였을 때 시간이 경과됨에 따라 발아율이 증가되어 무처리와 유의차를 보이지 않았으나 발아관의 길이는 현저하게 짧았다. Pseudomonas putid의 Siderophore를 처리하였을 때는 포자의 발아율과군사신장이 모두 현저하게 억제되었다. 토양중에 형성된 후막포자가 발아하는데 필요한 영양물질로 Glucose; Peptone을 각각 $0.25\%$씩 첨가하였을 때 $90\%$에 달하는 높은 발아율을 나타냈고, Glucose $0.25\%$와 Asparagine $0.25\%$를 첨가한 처리도 $86\%$의 발아율을 보였다. 오이의 근권토양에서 후막포자는 발아후 10일된 유묘에서 $25\%$의 발아율을 보인 반면 2일된 유묘에서는 $14\%$ 정도 밖에 안되었으며, 10일 이상 경과된 묘에서도 발아율이 증가되지 않았다. 근권토양에 Fe-EDDHA를 첨가한 처리와 P. putida를 접종한 처리는 후막포자의 발아를 현저히 억제하였으며, 근권부위에 영양물질을 첨가한 처리에서도 같은 경향이었다. 그러나 비근권토양에 영양물질을 첨가하여 후막포자를 발아시켰을 경우 Fe-EDDHA나 P. putida의 발아 억제 효과가 뚜렷하게 인정되지 않았다. 근권토양에서 후막포자 발아 억제효과는 Fe-EDDHA보다 P. putida를 접증한 처리가 더 큰것으로 나타났다.

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