• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.656-664
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• 1996

Three malting barley cultivars, Sacheon #6, Doosan #12, and Doosan #22 were collected from Gwangsan, Chinju and Milyang which were artificially aged to provide varying levels of seed quality. Samples were evaluated by the standard germination test (SGT), cold germination test (CT), electroconductivity test and tetrazolium vigor test (TZ). In a multiple regression analysis, percent germination in the SGT accounted for 65% of the variation in field emergence of malting barley. Vigor index of the standard germination and cold germination tests also contributed significantly to the regression equation. Grain yield was predicted by the vigor index of TZ test. Percent standard germination and percent TZ germination prediction were useful for predicting grain yield in nine lots of malting barley.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.282-291
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• 2013

Rapid loss in viability of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) seed is a major problem. Present effort was undertaken for developing a set pattern for assessing of viability and vigour in seed of various mother tree age of neem (Age I-06 years, Age II-15 years, Age III-25 years and Age IV->30 years old). Various viability test viz. triphenyle tetrazolium chloride test, electrical conductivity, excised embryo test, and germination test have been performed on seeds obtained from mother tree age classes. Inconsistency was observed with the TTC and EC test in germination of seed in laboratory as well as nursery. While various vigour tests viz. cold test, chemical stress test (methanol stress test), and accelerated ageing test alongwith ageing index, germination test (G%, MGT and GV) and various seedling growth parameters like seedling length (cm), number of leaves, collar diameter (cm), total biomass (g) alongwith mathematical indices i.e. vigour index, sturdiness quotient, volume index, quality index, root shoot ratio in nursery as well have been taken for study and showed better consistency. On the basis present study results of various viability and vigour test indicated that mother tree age class II performed better in comparison to others and it can be recommended for seed collection. Further it is also recommended that viability of neem seed may be assessed using various laboratory tests like excise embryo test and germination test (G%, MGT and GV) and vigour test may be taken preferably by cold germination test, chemical (methanol) stress test, accelerated ageing test in laboratory and germination alongwith various seedling growth parameters seedling length (cm), number of leaves, collar diameter (cm), total biomass (g) alongwith mathematical indices like Vigour Index, Sturdiness quotient, Volume Index, Quality index, root shoot ratio in nursery as discussed in this study.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.233-238
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• 1997

To evaluate allelopathic effect of volatile chemicals and phytohormones, seed germination and seedling growth test of Lactuca sativa have performed in laboratory experiments. Among used chemicals terpienen-4-ol was the most inhibitory to seed germination of lettuce. ABA and GA inhibited seed germination at $5{\times}10^{-6}M$ concentration but promoted germination at $2.5{\times}10^{-5}M$ and $5{\times}10^{-5}M$. ABA and GA alleviated volatile chemical-induced inhibition of seed germination and seedling elongation of lettuce.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1673-1679
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fruit set internode on the germination of watermelon seeds. Generally fruits setted in higher than 20 internode were high percent of germination, fruit setted in low internode(5-10) is low. The higher fruit-set internode, fruit weight was significantly increased, but 1,000 seed weight was decreased the more fruit set internode. However number of seed was about 300 seeds irrespective of fruit-set internode. Investigating viability of seed by BP test, general percent germination was recorded highest at 5 flower cluster above 20 internode of fruit-set internode. In contrast, condition of fruit setted on 3, 4, 6 flower cluster were high percent of germination, regarded as unnormal germination not to be as normal seedling by 2~3%. Seed harvested at 5 flower-cluster had high viability on hypocotyl height and diameter of seedling through early growth test, but were not significant. Therefore 5 flower-cluster was optimum fruit-set internode to obtain high-quality seed.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.13-15
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• 1989

In oder to find out the effective seed germination testing method to the field emergence, an experiment was conducted ; 1. TTC testing results were higher percentage than any other germination testing methods . 2. On the corn seed , field emergence was highly correlated with germinator test, TTC test and AA test hut cold test was lower percentage . 3. Field emergence , on the soybean seeds was highly correlated with AA test and cold test but germinator test and TTC test was higher percentage .

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2006

Five seed samples of carrot were tested to detect Alternaria spp. by blotter method. A. alternata and A. radicina were detected from all the seed samples as high as $25.8-70.5\%$ and $37.5-63.5\%$, respectively. A. dauci was detected from four seed samples as low as $0.5-7.5\%$. The three Alternaria spp. were detected from the pericarp and the seed coat and endosperm of the carrot seeds but not from the embryo by component plating test. A. alternata and A. radicina were much more detected from the pericarp than the seed coat and endosperm. A. dauci was detected from the pericarp and the seed coat and endosperm at similar rate. The seed sample which was most severely infected with A. radicina showed the lowest rate of germination in the test on top of paper (TP). In the TP test, differences in total infection rate of A. radicina and A. dauci of the seed samples were very closely correlated with those in incidence of seedling rot on the seed samples. However, there was no correlation between infection rate of A. alternata and rate of germination or seedling rot of the seed samples. Soil test for seedling growth revealed that there was no correlation between differences in total infection rate of A. radicina and A. dauci and those in rate of normal seedlings of the seed samples.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.395-398
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• 2002

Present paper showed allelopahtic effects of Tagetes minuta aqueous extracts on seed germination and root hair development. Allelopathy of aqueous extracts derived from T. minuta examined using two test plant species (Lotus comiculatus var. japonicus and Lactuca sativa). The seeds of test species were inoculated in petri dishes containing 0, 10,50 and 100% aqueous extracts from T. minuta. At day 5, the relative seed germination ratio to control was evaluated, and the development of seedling root hairs was observed through light microscopy. Seed germination of L. comiculatus var. japonicus was significantly inhibited proportional to the concentrations of aqueous extract, but that of L. sativa wasn't inhibited. The inhibitory allelopathic effect of T. minuta was found in the development and growth of seedling root hairs. It was concluded that the inhibitory allelophatic effects have been to be investigated using various bioassay, for the allelopathy of plant species shows species-specific and organ-specific.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.25-31
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• 1999

The differences in seed germination rates of Korean Native Plants were observed depending on the harvest years, the seed companies, the storage periods, the drying methods and the plant morphological types. The seed germination rates were changed significantly by the harvest years and the seed companies in all 4 species tested. The seed germination rates were decreased after 1 year storage at $4^{\circ}C$ in all 8 species tested and three of them did not germinate at all. A rapid drying method at $35^{\circ}C$ with a convection oven was not suitable for Chrysanthemum spp., but there were no significant changes of germination rates in Aster spp. The germination rates were decreased more at seeding in soil than at lab. test with Dicotyledon but no significant changes with Monocotyledon. Especially, the germination rates of fine seed on 5mm soil covering treatment were significantly decreased.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.135-144
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• 1999

Environmental toxicities of priority water pollutants were evaluated by two selected bioassays, Lettuce seed germination/elongation test and Microtox acute toxicity test. Toxic chemicals (heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and phenolic compounds) inhibited the germination rate and root elongation of Lettuce seed, as well as the bioluminescence of Microtox bacteria. When test biota were exposed to target chemicals, the sensitivity of Lettuce bioassay was relatively lower than that of Microtox bioassay. However, Lettuce bioassay may be a good candidate for prescreening the environmental toxicities of priority water pollutants, since the testing method with Lettuce seed was relatively easier and more economic than with Microtox bacteria. Toxicity tests were conducted to compare the validity and sensitivity of both bioassays for sediment from a small stream passed through urban area as well as leachate from a municipal solid waste landfill. From experimental results, we found that Lettuce test and Microtox test are compensated each other as a battery of bioassay for evaluating the environmental toxicities of field samples obtained from a small stream contaminated by pollutants.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 1989

In order to estimate field seedling emergence and grain yield by the information collected from various laboratory seed vigor tests, each two malting and naked barley cultivar seeds were artificially aged according to the standard aging treatment suggested by the Association of Official Seed Analysts. The seed vigor tests adopted were warm- and cold-germination test, tetrazolium vigor test and electrocon. ductivity test. Field emergence of malting barley (Y) was estimated by Y=-2.962+0.229X$_1$ (% warm germination) -0.001X$_2$ (vigor of warm germination test: WGT) +0.354X$_3$ (vigor of cold germination test: CT) -0.558X$_4$ (% cold germination). The multiple correlation coefficient indicated that % warm germination. was contributed 64 % of the variation in seedling emergence rate of malting barley. The vigor of warm and cold germination tests, and % cold germination contributed additional 4, 7, and 9%, respectively, upon addition of the variables into regression. For naked barley, the regression equation of emergence rate was less efficient(R$^2$=54%) than that of malting barley(R$^2$=84%). A model to predict grain yield by the results of various seed vigor tests was not evaluated for both malting and naked barlev.