• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.384-394
• /
• 1996

The experiment was conducted to determine the seed characteristics and preferable methods to enhance the seed germination rate in Bupleurum falcatum. The optimum temperature for the seed germination of Bupleurum falcatum is 2$0^{\circ}C$. Any significant promoting effects were not found in seed germination with hormone treatments and physical methods. At 15$^{\circ}C$, prechilling combined with 50~200ppm of GA$_3$ treatment raised germination rate by 2 times of control ones. The most positive effect was observed in the treatment of 10$^{-2}$ ~10$^{-3}$ M potassium nitrate only at 15$^{\circ}C$ for 12 and 24 hours. The leachate of Bupleurum falcatum didn't inhibit the germination of Lactuca sativa, showing almost 100% of germination rate, which is suggested that no inhibitors contained in the seeds of Bupleurum falcatum. Observation of embryo conditions under stereoscopic microscope showed that the ratio of seeds with or without embryo is almost 50/50. The results suggested that the lower rate of germination in Bupleurum falcatum was caused by embryolessness of seeds.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.202-207
• /
• 2002

To establish the seed treatment method of the gamma radiation for germination enhancement of bottle gourd(Lagenaria siceraria Standl.) and pumpkin(Cucurbita ficifolia Bouche), seeds were irradiated with the dose of 1$\sim$20 Gy of the gamma radiation. The germination rate in irradiated group was higher than that of the control, depending on seed condition. In the case of bottle gourd, the germination rate of 70$\sim$80% germinative seed was increased at 4$\sim$20 Gy irradiated groups. Especially, it was the highest at 4 Gy irradiated group. The germination rate of 80$\sim$90% germinative seed was the highest at 4 Gy irradiated group. The germination rate of 70$\sim$80% and 80$\sim$90% germinative seed at 4 days after sowing was increased 66% and 26% at 4 Gy irradiated group, respectively. In the case of pumpkin, the germination rate of 70$\sim$80% and 80$\sim$90% germinative seed was increased at 2 Gy and 8 Gy irradiated group, respectively. Effect of the low-dose gamma radiation on the early growth was enhanced depending on their germination enhancement. Especially, it was the highest at 2 Gy irradiated group of 70$\sim$80% germinative seed of pumpkin. Catalase activity of bottle gourd was increased at 4 Gy irradiated group. Catalase and peroxidase activity of pumpkin were increased at 2 Gy and 8 Gy irradiated group. These results suggest that the germination, early growth and physiological activity of bottle gourd and pumpkin seeds could be promoted by the low dose gamma radiation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.99 no.6
• /
• pp.849-854
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the variation of seed and germination characteristics among populations and among individuals within populations of Abies koreana Wilson distributed in Korea. Cones was collected from 4 natural populations and their seven seed qualities as well as three germination behaviors was measured and tested. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences among populations as well as among individuals within populations in 8 traits except for percentage of sound seeds and seed vigor. Coefficients of variation in percentage of sound seeds, germination percentage and germination rate is relatively high (43.8~57.2%) compared to other traits (11.0~28.3%). The germination of seed started on the seventeen day after sowing and it was completed within seventy-nine days. The final seed germination capacity was found high except for Mt. Duckyu (8.5%) and varied from 39.7% to 47.7%. Mean germination time ranged between 38.1 and 43.6 days and germination rate varied from 1.98 to 1.39 ea./days. As a result of simple correlation analysis between seed characteristics and germination characteristics, the percentage of sound seeds showed a significant positive correlation with the germination percentage and the germination rate but showed a negative correlation with the mean germination time.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.108-111
• /
• 2000

Osmoconditioning and hardening effects for the seed germination of normal and naturally aged rice seeds were studied through analyzing the total sugars and $\alpha$-amylase activity. The normal seeds which used to have high germination rate accelerated germination with the osmoconditioning at the suboptimal temperature of 17$^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, the aged seeds did not affect germination rate at $25^{\circ}C$, while increased germination rate and accelerated germination a little at 17$^{\circ}C$, Hardening of aged seeds increased germination rate by 10-15% compared with control seeds at both 17 and $25^{\circ}C$ and accelerated germination. Total sugar content and $\alpha$-amylase activity of normal seeds were higher than did aged seeds. The aged seeds with treatment of osmoconditioning and hardening increased total sugar content and $\alpha$--amylase activity, but hardening was more effective than osmoconditioning. The $\alpha$--amylase activity was positively correlated with the total sugar content and germination rate.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.171-175
• /
• 1996

The objective of this study is to promote germination for mass cultivation of Adenophora triphylla. After the seed soaking for I day in BA and $GA_3$ solution, seed germination was effectively promoted in the treatment of 500mg/L $GA_3$ and the highest germination rate was 94%.The average germination days were 1.5days earlier than those of non-treated seeds. In a chemicals treatment, seed germination rate was 54% in 1% $KNO_3$ treatment but KOH treatment was no significantly effected. The durations of chilling treatment for breaking of dormancy were longer than 2weeks. The optimal temperature for germination was $25^{\circ}C$. The promotion of seed germination is presumed to be due to the breaking of dormancy by $GA_3$, chilling treatment rather than seed coat maceration by KOH or $KNO_3$ treatments.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.60 no.3
• /
• pp.282-292
• /
• 2015

Seeds of colored rice generally have high anthocyanin and flavonoid content but some cultivars have low seed germination rate. This defect poses unstable seedling establishment in nursery bed. The seed gravity variations of 10 colored rice varieties and its effect on germination, seed soaking duration and their optimum seeding rates for seedling raising in machine transplanting were investigated in the experiment. Based on seed gravity distribution of the 7 black- and 3 red-colored rice varieties at three levels of seed gravity (1.0<, 1.0~1.06, 1.06>), the black colored seeds such as Josaengheugchal and Sinmyungheugchal had high amount of specific gravity of below 1.0 ranging from 86~ 96%, while they had only 3~13% of seeds in specific gravity above 1.06. Sintoheugmi, Heugjinju, Heugnam, Heugkwang had various mass of seeds, showing 29~44% for specific gravity of below 1.0, 24~39% for 1.0~1.06 and 25~45% for above 1.06. On the other hand, the red colored rice such as Hongjinju, Jeogjinju and Geonkanghongmi had high percentage of specific gravity of above 1.06 with 84~86% while they had only 9~12% of specific gravity below 1.0 similar to Ilmibyeo of noncolored rice. The black colored seed generally showed low germination percentage, slow germination speed and long mean germination time, and low water absorption rate as compared with seed of the red colored rice which was similar to those of Ilmibyeo used as a control cultivar. The black colored seeds took 2~4 days longer seed soaking duration than the red colored rice before germination. This was related to high seed amount of specific gravity below 1.0 in black colored rices. The high amount of seed gravity above 1.06 in the colored rice seeds was positively correlated with percentage of germination, germination speed and mean germination time, ripened grain ratio and water absorption. Seed gravity distribution effect were less pronounced between back- and red- colored seeds in seedling emergence. The black colored rice has slightly lower normal seedling emergence rate than the red colored rice and Ilmibyeo in the seedbed soil due to high percentage of ungerminated seed. Normal seedling emergence rate of the black colored rice in the seedbed was 75.2~82.2% for 10-day old seedling and 85.3~ 90.9% for 30-day old seedling which was lower by 4.5~ 8.0% and 0~3.3%, respectively, than the red colored rice. Based on the normal seedling number per tray of Ilmibyeo for seeding rate of 10-day and 30-day old seedlings, the recommended seeding rate of black colored rice is 200~ 220g seeds for the 10-day old seedling and 110~130g for the 30-day old seedling in transplanting rice while the seeding rate of the red colored rice was 220g seeds for the 10-day old seedling and 130g for the 30-day old seedling.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.85-92
• /
• 2014

This text was analyzed and investigated the morphological character, production time and germination characteristic of seed that collect in Chungnam, in order to offer the basic informations for slope restoration and revegetation using Indigofera amblyantha of wild shrub. Legume was cylindrical type and length 31.5mm, width 2.5mm, and seed number of per legume was full ripe 5.5, unripe 0.9. Seed was elliptical type and length 2.4mm, width 1.7mm, and weight of 1,000 seeds was 5.9g. Because seed matured within December and next year January, optimum time of seed production was in mid of January. In the treatment $H_2SO_4$ of 15 minutes, seed germination rate was the highest as 91.0%, and seed germination time (days) was the shortest as 6.7 days. Seed germination time by temperature was the shortest from $25^{\circ}C$. Therefore, seed germination of Indigofera amblyantha was very useful in the treatment $H_2SO_4$ of 15 minutes from $25^{\circ}C$ temperature.

• Plant Resources
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.167-170
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to determine feasibility of production system of Perilla frutescens leaf-stem by fertilizing of Sta-Green in pots. Germination rate of Perilla frutescens seeds collected in 2002 was $7\%$, also germination rate of seeds collected in 2003 was $62\%$, while germination rate of seeds collected in 2004 was above $93\%$. Seed germination rate of Perilla frutescens collected in 2004 were higher than seed gathering in 2002. Especially, plant growth and yield of Perilla frutescens grown in pot(The pots was filled with soil mixtures of Sta-Green and Peat Moss mixed with 40:60 ratio.) was the highest. These results indicate that leaf and stem production of Perilla frutescens can be improved by fertilizing of Sta-Green in pots.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.497-504
• /
• 2005

This experiment was conducted to improve germination rate of the seed treated duration of storage and $GA_3$ in Celosia argentea. With the seed directly after harvest, as increasing concentration of $GA_3$, ranged from 50ppm to 200ppm, and dipping hour, ranged from 6 to 24 hour, the rate of germination was also increased. The germination of seed dipping in 200ppm $GA_3$ for 24 hours was the highest with $52\%$ compared to the control with $12\%$. As increasing storage duration in $22{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, ranged from 2 weeks to 12 weeks, the rate of germination was also increased showing $84\%$ at 12 week. However, the rate of germination was not increased with the storage of $5^{\circ}C,\;0^{\circ}C,\;and\;-70^{\circ}C$. With the seed storage 16 weeks in $22{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ after harvest, the rate of germination was $84\%$. The rate of germination was increased $94\%\;to\;99\%$ by the $GA_3$ concentration, ranged from 50ppm to 400ppm, and dipping hour, ranged from 6 to 24 hour. The germination was finished 4 days after sowing.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.69-73
• /
• 1985

Germination respone to sulfuric acid treatment, temperature, light and underwater condition were experimented for Albizzia julibrissin Durazz. seed. It took 60 minutes to break the dormancy of impermeable seed for the effective sulfuric acid treatment, and temperature sensitivity was decreased by 90 minutes' treatment. The germination rate of the seed was highest, i.e. 96% at 60 minutes acid treatment in a 21。C growth chamber. On the occasion of light sensitivity, the seed was light indifferent. The imbibition rate of seed was higher at 27。C than 21。C and in proportion to the period of acid treatment time. A. julibrissin Durazz. seed were well germinated at underwagter condition.