• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.925-937
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• 2008

In this study, we considered the clustering analysis for stock return traded in the stock market. Most of financial time-series data, for instance, stock price and exchange rate have conditional heterogeneous variability depending on time, and, hence, are not properly applied to the autoregressive moving-average(ARMA) model with assumption of constant variance. Moreover, the variability is font and center for stock investors as well as academic researchers. So, this paper focuses on the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic(GARCH) model which is known as a solution for capturing the conditional variance(or volatility). We define the metrics for similarity of unconditional volatility and for homogeneity of model structure, and, then, evaluate the performances of the metrics. In real application, we do clustering analysis in terms of volatility and structure with stock return of the 11 Korean companies measured for the latest three years.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.163-170
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• 2009

The purpose of this article is to measure the level of insurance industry's social cognition based on the university students' survey questionnaire. For this, this study analyzes the cognition of students on the level of social reliability, the causes of low reliability, and the measures of enhancing the reliability level about insurance industry. For the analysis of survey questionnaire, partially ranked data analysis was employed. The results show that most students recognize that the reliability of insurance industry is lower than that of other financial industry such as banks and securities firms. The main reason for this low reliability is the lack of sales forces' specialty, the complexity of insurance products and contracts, and negative media release about insurance industry. To enhance the social reliability level of insurance, establishment of the future insurance image is essential, and that can be achieved through strengthening the insurance education and public relations and simplifying insurance products and contracts.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.327-340
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• 2008

This paper derives joint and conditional Lagrange multiplier tests based on information matrix for testing functional form and/or the presence of autocorrelation in a regression model. Small sample properties of these tests are assessed by Monte Carlo study and comparisons are made with LM tests based on Hessian matrix. The results show that the proposed $LM_E$ tests have the most appropriate finite sample performance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.332-346
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• 2014

The study supports not only the implicative results and strategic implication to social media staff and managers, but also extended the marketing studies in Korean financial institutions. This paper examined the effect of market orientation on social media marketing performance in the Korean financial institituions. Narver and Slater's market orientation theory was employed for the structural equation model framework. Indirect and direct implication on the social media marketing performance were analyzed. This study conducted online survey social media marketing staff and managers in 230 Korean financial institutions such as banks, securities, asset management, credit card, insurance companies. 102 responses were collected and analyzed. The results revealed that financial institutions' customer orientation, competitor orientation and inter-functional coordination have a positive impact on marketing communications execution degree but not direct effect on social media marketing performance except competitor orientation. Although it does not appear to have a statistically significant association between market orientation two concepts such as customer orientation and inter-functional coordination, and social media marketing performance directly, the competitive orientation has statistically positive impact.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.34
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• pp.109-131
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• 2007

This paper has focusing CheongHaeJin's maritime trading activities between Korea, China and Japan in the 9th century. In operation of CheongHaeJin which Chang BoGo was given a key role, CheongHaeJin creates three nation's wealth in triangular trade among Korea, China and Japan. And also, CheongHaeJin's contribution is considerable to the maritime trade development of Northeast Asia through establishing trading advance base in China and Japan, and organizing Shilla's people in China. Chang BoGo justified the control over small business groups of the west and south sea of Korea and the east and south sea of China by keeping pirates away His trade groups controlled foreign trade of three countries: Shilla, the Dang Dynasty of China and Japan. They connected Persia, India, Southeast Asia, and China. CheongHaeJin's key success factors of the maritime activities are summarized as follows; There is a possibility of searching that successful factor from the people of operator of CheongHaeJin. Based on oceanic adventurous spirit with character and progressive thinking could complete the rally of sea influence and composition of fleets. Secondly, the success factor is the excellent operational ability and leadership which learned in the Dang Dynasty of China. Thirdly, In 9th century, International political context was suitable for CheongHaeJin's construction and operation. Such political circumstances had given to CheongHaeJin remunerative position. Finally, Although central government could not maintain the sea traffic securities, Chang BoGo's ocean trading fleets guaranteed the safe fishing industry of people and security of sea traffic.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.556-564
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• 2013

The main purpose of this research is considering further marketing strategy to resolve unsold housing matters in private sectors through an analysis of preference factors for those housing customers. This study used one of the most widely-used research methods in marketing to figure out the preference factors for those customers and then it was categorized which factors are more or less important by conjoint analysis. According to the result, the home buyers for the unsold apartments were more paying attention some social and financial benefits for instance, a decline of housing price and a guarantee of housing securities rather than geographical conditions and residential environment before they make the decision to purchase a home. Secondly, they concerned some factors such as the most importance in location and geographical condition which were easy access to the transportation. Furthermore, a standard of eco-friendly apartment buildings was essential matter in residential environment. The third, those properties were on the stocks of unsold homes so they more tended to buy their houses with lower price than the terms and conditions of housing payment. Finally, it was explored that the most efficient way to promoting them through housing exhibitions or presentations as the PR strategy.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.129-144
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• 2015

Objectives: This study aimed to provide a basis for treatment of Hwa-byung, a mental disorder frequently found among Koreans, by analysing published case reports and case series. Methods: In June 2015, a literature search for case reports and case series describing interventions for Hwa-byung was conducted in 7 databases for research publications in Korea, using Korean and English terms. Results: Thirty-two papers, reporting 439 cases of Hwa-byung, met the inclusion criteria. Since the first case report on Hwa-byung in 1996, case reports were continuously published until 2012. A total of 22 interventions were described, of which herbal medicine (71.9%), acupuncture (65.6%), and moxibustion (34.4%) were the most frequently described interventions. Twenty-five papers reported patterns, for which liver qi depression (28%) was most frequently used. A total of 48 outcome measures were used in 32 papers, of which Beck Depression Index (46.9%) and Symptom change (43.8%) were used in at least 10 papers. Conclusions: Since only 32 case reports/case series have been published on Hwa-byung in Korea, a strong basis for recommending standardized treatments is lacking. Therefore, a sufficient number of clinical studies, in particular randomized clinical trials (RCTs), are warranted to provide a clinical basis for treatment of Hwa-byung.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.157-166
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• 2020

This study is a descriptive analysis of Korean business names listed on KOSDAQ (Korea Securities Dealers Automated Quotation) from a morphological perspective. A total of 1,358 business names on KOSDAQ are collected and analyzed in terms of origins and morphological structure. The analysis exhibits the monopoly of English: only 20% of the names are composed of only Korean elements, including Sino-Chinese, while 76% of them contain some form of English elements. It is pointed out that those English elements are not borrowed from English but are created in Korea and participate further word formation processes. In terms of word formation methods, compounding and shortening are most common, taking up 90% of all names. Multiple derived forms are used from an identical origin word, and even bound forms in English are taken and used as independent words, regardless of their original status in English. It is argued that Korean English is not entirely negative and should be considered as part of World Englishes.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2017

To develop computer and communication in the information society, difficulties exist in managing the enormous data manually. Also, loss of data due to natural disasters or hacker attacks, generate a variety of disasters in the IT securities. Hence, there is an urgent need for an information protection management system in order to mitigate these incidents. Information Security Management System has various existing frameworks for IT disaster management. These include Cyber Security Framework, Risk Management Framework, ISO / IEC 27001: 2013, and COBIT 5.0. Each framework analyses and compares the entry for IT disaster recovery from among the various available data. In this paper, we describe a single integrated management scheme for fast resolution of IT disasters.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.199-206
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• 2007

Capital gain comes from the transfer gain which is occurring by transferring assets except inventory assets. Our government recently has made capital gain tax on real estates and imposed as classified income tax by including it into aggregate income so that provide function of tax and curb property speculation. However the present income tax law imposes capital gain tax on capital profit including real estate and securities, while this law and the special tax treatment control law implement non-taxation and tax exemption too widely. That is to say, the system of capital gain tax can hinder the fair tax because it has various exemption terms including the non-taxation principle on a house for a family and the special tax treatment law. And also it has a problem in the sense of equity because it imposes tax by progressive tax rate on the subjects of capital gain tax considering them as the profit of that year, which were transferred, so there is difference between the income which has been made for a long time and the income made for a short time even in the same capital gain. Therefore this study identifies some issues surrounding the present capital gain tax system and focuses on presenting reasonable development plan.