• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.367-374
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• 2010

The transfer slab system is a structural system that transfers the loads from the upper shear wall structure to the lower columns. This is a costly system due to a very thick slab, and the relatively high cost can be mitigated by introducing voids in the slab. However, this system of flat plate containing voids is vulnerable to brittle failure caused by punching shear in vicinity of slab-column connection. Thus, the punching shear capacity of the void system is very important. However, the current code doesn't provide a clear design provision for the strength of slabs with a void section. In this study, experimental study was conducted to investigate the punching shear strength of the void slab system. The shear strength of the specimens was predicted by current code and previous researches. In result, the punching shear strength of the void system is determined as the least value calculated at critical section located a distance d/2 from the face of the column and the center of the void section using the effective area at critical section.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 2023

A two-hour fire-resistance PC hollow slab for residential use was developed to secure structural and fire-resistance performance and to be applied to the general building and apartment housing markets. Compared to the existing hollow slab, in order to secure the same or better structural performance and economic feasibility by reducing the quantity, it was attempted to secure the fire resistance performance by reducing the concrete filling rate in the cross section and adjusting the thickness of the upper and lower flanges by optimizing the hollow shape in the cross section of the slab. For structural performance evaluation, experiments were performed on PC hollow slabs by varying the member thickness and the presence or absence of overlaid concrete, and all of the experimental results showed that the design strength was sufficiently exhibited and that stability during construction was possible. The developed synthetic PC hollow slab has secured fire resistance and residential performance so that it can be applied to all buildings, and it is intended to be immediately applied to the field.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2012

Recently, many countries are tightening a variety of policies and controls with great efforts to reduce emission of GHGs(Greenhouse Gases) as concern for climate change heightens. The purpose of the study is to provide guidelines for planning and evaluate element and evaluate housing development. The elements are also assorted into 6 sections and 30 planning elements were drawn from them. It is drawn to 6 sections, 27 categories, 31 evaluation elements except cultural and perceptual aspects unrelated to planning elements from these elements. Case analysis has shown that most of planning elements were applied because these cases obtained environment-friendly certification in the country. Followings are the common characteristics. Firstly, it showed that application of planning element in all cases is excellent. Secondly, the case with excellent application of elements related with energy and application degree obtained excellent degree i environment-friendly certification in the country. Finally, application of planning elements related with renewable energy was in poor condition in all cases. With the utilization of SBTool, the evaluation results about planning elements of housing complex of Carbon emissions-reduction type showed that CASE-A obtained 11.17 points and CASE-B obtained 9.24 points. In the case of renewable energy section, it was confirmed that the evaluation doesn't work well. As a result, changes of planning elements affect environment-friendly extent. It was confirmed that accessibility to housing complex of Carbon emissions-reduction type could change. Estimated result of Amount of Carbon emission showed that annual energy consumption per each family of CASE-A is $4,269,964MJ/m^2$, as a result of which, Carbon emission is $234,815kg/m^2$. And annual energy consumption per family of CASE-B is $4,197,563MJ/m^2$, as a result of which, Carbon emission is $214,584kg/m^2$. Application of planning elements in the aspect of housing complex of Carbon emissions-reduction type shows that the level for Carbon emissions-reduction is high level. And study with assessment from the draft should be followed.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2012

The purpose of this research was to propose housing estate planning that applies 3D spatial information to DAS housing estate planning program and to enhance applicability of 3D spatial analysis. In addition, this research evaluated the applicability of 3D spatial information to site planning of Korea Land and Housing Corporation and developed models for the purpose of applying the spatial information efficiently. Moreover, we tested applicability of LiDAR that can allow 3D spatial information to be more efficient and accurate. The results from cross section analysis implies that LiDAR has higher usability than existing geographic information. Additionally, this study shaded light on the suggested system development model that can simulate location or height of an apartment house by spatially analyzing difference between before-and-after site development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.343-344
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• 2018

This study proposes a standard method of diagnosis and repair to prevent and maintain the problem of durability deterioration caused by leakage cracks in apartment basement structures in Korea. Following the announcement of the previous maintenance plan section, this is the second part of the study, focusing on inspection of methods for diagnosing and repairing leakage cracks in apartment basement structures. In this thesis, the matters required for the procedures, types, times and equipment of the inspection plan and the inspection methods, records, and decisions required for the actual inspection are described.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 1998

This is study on the changes of the Apartment House Managerial Problems to grope for the way of more practical management about increasing the apartment house in Korea. The documentary research method was used for this study and the Han-Kook newspapers (1954-1991) was used as an analysis data. On the basis of it, we examined the changes, such as the number of whole articles by time series and the column of head title. We also classified it into several subjects and analyzed it. Finally, we attempted to divide an chronological section on the Changes of the Apartment House Managerial Problems. On the basis of this study, we expect that various documents, related laws and regulations will be analyzed in no distant future. These is going to make the Apartment House Managerial Problems gave more systemic and efficiency.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2010

The Housing Performance Rating System, enacted on 9 January 2006, an active measure containing provisions on improved quality and advanced performance of the Fire-Protection System for equalized ability to secure safety of life to some extent, is a desirable policy in fire-safety regard. The study of theoretical background of each performance rating section for the purpose of active and wide application of The Fire-Protection System category of the Housing Performance Rating System currently in effect internally. In accordance with the result of the study, the reform measures for the currently detailed evaluation criteria have been suggested to improve the performance of the Fire-Protection area of The Housing Performance Rating System currently being in force based on the assumption of prior settlement of the following; upward settlement of the point distribution standards on the performance ratings of each head backed up by an institutional Government policy with overriding priority; and urgently enacted Fire-Protection related laws and regulations.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.239-248
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• 2019

In this study, the out-of-plane seismic resistance of lightly-reinforced existing walls strengthened with thick RC jacket was investigated. The thick RC jacket with a thickness of 500 mm was placed at one side of the thin existing wall with a thickness of 150 mm. At the interface between the wall and RC jacket, a tee-shaped steel section with a number of anchor bolts and dowel bars was used as the shear connector. To investigate the connection performance and strengthening effects, the cyclic loading tests of four jacketed wall specimens were performed. The tests showed that the flexural strength of the jacketed walls under out-of-plane loading was significantly increased. During the initial behavior, the tee shear connector transferred forces successfully at the interface without slip. However, as the cracking, spalling, and crushing of the concrete increased in the exiting walls, the connection performance at the interface was significantly degraded and, consequently, the strength of the jacketed walls was significantly decreased. The flexural strength of the jacketed walls with tee shear connector was estimated considering the full and partial composite actions of the tee shear connector.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.121-128
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• 2015

As a neighboring country belonged to the same cultural sphere with the Northeast Asia, China is recently emerging as a center of the world's economy. The social transformations caused by the rapid economic growth are bringing changes in the Chinese housing culture and thus, it is considered that the identification of a user's need concerning a new housing space and social and cultural understanding on China are necessary. Accordingly, this research intended to conduct the basic research on the Chinese housing space design by observing the small apartment users in Shanghai area in terms of not only the tangible element of the residential space type but also the intangible elements such as lifestyle, values, behaviors, etc. The research range was limited to the kitchen area at the center of a house as a place where the exchanges among the family members are most frequently occur, and the research was carried out in the following methods. First, the effective user research method for the analysis of the Chinese small apartment kitchen users was studied through the literature investigation. Second, the 6 families of a research target were selected focused on the small apartments in Shanghai, China and the user research was performed using three methods of User observation, Video ethnography, and Contextual inquiry. Third, the research results were analyzed focused on the flow of human traffic in the kitchen area and user's behaviors. What were identified as a result take account of the human traffic movements in the kitchen areas around the sink-counter-cook top, cooking behaviors and meal areas outside of the kitchen. Through this, the need for the effective organization of the sink-counter-cook top, arrangement of meal area, and placement of storage by section for the kitchen space of China were drawn based on the understanding of the cooking process, and it was identified that such results require comprehensive understanding of Chinese housing culture.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.89-99
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• 2020

This study was conducted as a basic research to create a sound and vital ecological environment in the city compared to the appearance characteristics of Gap stream(G-stream), which are the main stream of Banseok stream(B-stream), by analyzing the characteristics of waterbirds, including Wild Spot-billed Duck (S-Duck), that live in B-stream built as ecological stream. The waterbird survey was conducted by the line census for 3.2km, Jukdong-bridge to Jamiseon-bridge, from January to August 2018. The analysis of the survey was conducted with Relative species density(RD) of the emerging waterbird species, the Species diversity and Density Per Unit area for 100㎡(DPU). The waterbird survey results of B-stream was conducted 65 times. The five types of water birds that appeared during the survey were Spot-billed Duck(Anas poecilorhyncha), Teal(Anas crecca), Little Egret(Egretta garzetta), Great Egret(Egretta alba), and Grey Heron(Ardea cinerea). As a result, for S-Duck at B-stream, RD was 89.9%, monthly species diversity was simple as 0.3801 in January, 0.5943 in February and 0.3501 in August. The DPU of the S-Duck was 0.165/100㎡ in the B-Stream survey section which was 4.9 times higher than the main stream section, G-stream. The non-freezing zone of the city's small stream is expected to play an important role as a winter stop for wild birds such as S-Duck during the freezing period of the huge stream. For this reason, considering the ecological characteristics of wild waterbirds such as S-Duck when creating ecological stream, a: space and linear selection of waterways which can minimize the impact of natural enemy and increasing the number of walkers, b: management water-friendly plants in the low flow channel, c: arrangement walking-bicycle road will be necessary.