• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1445-1447
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• 2008

Micro crystal structure of polycrystalline MgO film is controlled by adjusting the energy of particles arrived at the substrate during deposition. The change of crystal structure affects on the total area of (200) surface where the oxygen vacancies are formed easily, resulting in the change of secondary electron emission (SEE) coefficient($\gamma$).

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2003년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.802-805
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• 2003

The ion-induced secondary electron emission coefficient ${\gamma}$ for MgO thin film with $O_{2}$ plasma treatment has been investigated by ${\gamma}$-FIB (focused ion beam) system. The MgO thin film deposited from sintered material with $O_2$ plasma treatment is found to have higher ${\gamma}$ than that without $O_{2}$ plasma treatment. The energy of $Ne^{+}$ ions used has been ranged from 100eV to 200eV throughout this experiment. It is found that the highest secondary electron emission coefficient ${\gamma}$ has been achieved for 10 minutes of $O_{2}$ plasma treatment.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2002년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.221-223
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• 2002

We have measured the secondary electron emission yield ${\gamma}_i$ from MgO films deposited on $SiO_2/Si$ for low energy noble ions. A pulsed ion beam technique was employed in order to suppress the surface charging effect during the measurement. From the measurement of the ion - induced secondary electron emission coefficients ${\gamma}_i$ for 5 noble ions with energies ranging from 50 eV to 225 eV, it was shown that, with increasing the kinetic energies of the incident ions, the ${\gamma}_i$ increased

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2009년도 9th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.736-739
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• 2009

We have studied that the secondary electron emission characteristics of functional layers which have different kinds of MgO sub-micrometer size powder in AC-PDP. We used cathodoluminescence(CL) and gamma focused ion beam (${\gamma}$-FIB) system for measurement of secondary electron emission characteristics. Also we made 6 inch test panel which applied functional layers for evaluation of discharge characteristics.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
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• pp.569-572
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• 2006

In present study, the influence of changing combustor pressure on flame stabilization and nitrogen oxide (NOX) emission in the swirl flame with secondary fuel injection was investigated. The combustor pressure was controlled by suction at combustor exit. Pressure index ($P^*=Pabs/Patm$), where Pabs and Patm indicated the absolute pressure and atmosphere pressure, was controlled in the range of 0.7~1.15 for each equivalence ratio conditions. It could be observed that flame stable region became narrower with decreasing equivalence ratio and pressure index. In this combustion system, stable flames were formed until $P^*=\;0.7$. Emission index decreased with decreasing pressure index for overall equivalence ratio conditions and NOx reduction rates were almost identical for $P^*<1$ regardless of equivalence ratio though EINOx values showed different level with change of equivalence ratio for $P^*{\geq}1$. It is also observed that EINOx decreased with increasing secondary fuel injection ratio. Emission index of nitric oxide was controllable by adjusting the changing combustor pressure and injecting secondary fuel and this NOx reduction technology is applicable to industrial furnaces and air conditioning system.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2002

Effect of secondary air injection (SAI) on hydrocarbon reduction has been investigated in a single cylinder Sl engine operating at cold-steady/cold-start conditions. The hydrocarbon emission and exhaust gas temperature with and without catalytic converter were compared with continuous and synchronized SAIs, which injected secondary air intermittently into exhaust port. Effects of SAI location, SAI pressure, SAI timing, and location of catalytic converter have been investigated and the results are compared for both SAls with base condition. At cold-steady condition, the rate of HC reduction increased as the location of SAI was closer to the exhaust valve for both synchronized and continuous SAls. The emission of HC decreased with increasing exhaust-A/F when it was rich, and was relatively insensitive when it was lean. The timing of SAI in synchronized SAI had significant effect on HC reduction and exhaust gas temperature and the synchronized SAI was found to be more effective in HC reduction and exhaust gas temperature compared to the continuous SAI . At cold-start condition, when the catalytic converter was located 20 cm downstream from the exhaust port exit, the catalytic converter warm-up period for both SAls decreased by about 50%, and the accumulated hydrocarbon emission during the first 120 s decreased about by 56% and 22% with the synchronized and continuous SAIs, respectively, compared to that of the base condition.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.504-509
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• 2011

The conducting current of non-uniform plasma immersed electrode consists of ion current and secondary electron emission current caused by the impinging ion current. The ion current is determined by the ion dose passing through the sheath in front of electrode and the ion distribution in front of the electrode plays an important role in the secondary electron emission. The investigation of the distributed plasma and secondary electron effect on electrode ion current was carried out as the stainless steel electrode plugged with quartz tube was immersed in the inductively coupled Ar plasma using the antenna powered by 1 kw and the density profile was measured. After that, the negative voltage was applied by 1 kV~6 kV to measure the conduction current for the analysis of ion current.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.379-384
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• 2003

Coal-burning utilities are facing a major NOx control compliance challenge due to the heavy emission regulation. In response to this challenge, some applicative technologies to effectively reduce NOx are developed and applied in the pulverized coal power plants. One of these is low NOx burner(LNB) equipped with multi-staged air register. In this study, NOx emission rate and flame shapes are investigated with secondary and tertiary air flow conditions in air staged coal burner, and the optimal windows of flow conditions to minimize NOx emission rate are found out. The test conditions treated in this study are the flow rate, swirl direction and intensity and throat injection velocity of secondary and tertiary air.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권7호
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• pp.1276-1281
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• 2010

To analyze the gas discharge phenomena in parallel-plane electrodes, the fully coupled finite element method (FEM) considering secondary electron emission effects in discharge column was adopted in this paper. Two coupled equations of the hydrodynamic diffusion-drift equations for three carriers and the Poisson's equation for electric scalar potential should be solved as a system equation. The proposed method including two secondary electron processes of the photoemission and background ionization has been successfully applied to evaluating the breakdown voltage in parallel-plane electrodes and is verified by comparing its numerical results with the experimental ones. From the obtained results, it is inferred that the proposed numerical scheme will be useful for predicting and understanding streamer transient phenomena.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2008

The aim of this work is to identify application of ultra low NOx and CO combustor. To achieve this, we developed the premixed oxidizer-staging combustor using a cyclone flow. Various factors such as equivalence ratio for the combustion condition and swirl type for secondary air injection have been tested experimentally for flame stability and NOx, CO emission characteristics. Before to do this, we had been tested cyclone premixed combustor in advance. it is similar to first combustor of premixed oxidizer-staging combustor. As a result, cyclone premixed flame shows the very high flame stability and low NOx emission. however, it can be identified that there were some problems such as a little high CO emission and thermal resistance of combustor wall. Cyclone premixed oxidizer-staging combustor can resolve those of problems. In our combustor, we can found out optimal condition that the secondary air injection method is swirl type, swirl direction is co-swirl and equivalence ratio of first combustor is 1.3. Quantitatively, we can achieve 10.8 ppm for NOx and 30.2 ppm for CO emissions respectively. Form this result, we can identified that cyclone premixed oxidizer-staging combustor can apply to ultra low NOx and CO combustor.