• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.25 no.6_1
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• pp.529-536
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• 2007

Registration between image and object space is a fundamental step in photogrammetry and computer vision. Along with rapid development of sensors - multi/hyper spectral sensor, laser scanning sensor, radar sensor etc., the needs for registration between different sensors are ever increasing. There are two important considerations on different sensor registration. They are sensor invariant feature extraction and correspondence between them. Since point to point correspondence does not exist in image and laser scanning data, it is necessary to have higher entities for extraction and correspondence. This leads to modify first, existing mathematical and geometrical model which was suitable for point measurement to line measurements, second, matching scheme. In this research, linear feature is selected for sensor invariant features and matching entity. Linear features are incorporated into mathematical equation in the form of extended collinearity equation for registration problem known as photo resection which calculates exterior orientation parameters. The other emphasis is on the scheme of finding matched entities in the aide of RANSAC (RANdom SAmple Consensus) in the absence of correspondences. To relieve computational load which is a common problem in sampling theorem, deterministic sampling technique and selecting 4 line features from 4 sectors are applied.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Anodic oxidation treatment of metals is one of typical surface finishing methods which has been used for improving surface appearance, bioactivity, adhesion with paints and the resistances to corrosion and/or abrasion. This article provides fundamental principle, type and characteristics of the anodic oxidation treatment methods, including anodizing method and plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) method. The anodic oxidation can form thick oxide films on the metal surface by electrochemical reactions under the application of electric current and voltage between the working electrode and auxiliary electrode. The anodic oxide films are classified into two types of barrier type and porous type. The porous anodic oxide films include a porous anodizing film containing regular pores, nanotubes and PEO films containing irregular pores with different sizes and shapes. Thickness and defect density of the anodic oxide films are important factors which affect the corrosion resistance of metals. The anodic oxide film thickness is limited by how fast ions can migrate through the anodic oxide film. Defect density in the anodic oxide film is dependent upon alloying elements and second-phase particles in the alloys. In this article, the principle and mechanisms of formation and growth of anodic oxide films on metals are described.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to analyze highschool girls' concerns about environmental problems after investigating the actual state of environmental education and to suggest some fundamental changes in the Home Economics classes to improve environmental education. The sample was selected form high school girl students in Kyounggi Province between September 16 and September 26, 1996. Eight hundred twenty (820) first and second grade respondents were used. The data were analyzed by frequency, mean, percentile, factor analysis. Duncan's Multiple Range Test, and Stepwise Multiple Regression. Based on the major findings, the most influential variable was parental attitudes towards environmental conservation and problem. Next in influence was the environmental education provided in Home Economics classes. Also important were the individual student's interest in Home Economics classes, and her belief in the utility of environmental conservation in everyday life. The research conclusions are as follows: 1. We'll find how to relate efficiently the environmental education with everyday life by analyzing thoroughly the text of home economics. 2. We'll develop how to educate students parents properly because parental attitudes to wards the environmental problem have a great effect on students' behaviors. 3. We'll ceinforce environmental education by developing problems, and to motivate them to take real action in the area of environmental conservation.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.245-260
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• 2010

Collaboration among various fields appear according to rising of snack culture, polarizing phenomenon by a point to value, consumer behavior change giving importance to direct experience, and arrival of high touch age satisfied various needs and desires of consumer. Collaboration progressed limited edition form utilizes famous artist and designer's fame to promote products and upgrade their brand image through a short period agreement. This research aims at analysis about collaboration phenomenon in collaboration manners and characteristics, and understands changed socio-cultural meaning through collaboration expressed in almost all industry for high speedy changing fashion environment. This research utilizes between theoretical study and empirical analysis. For concentrated study, research period limits from 2007 to the present time 2009. This paper's purpose is studying on the socio-cultural meaning through analysis about characteristics of the trend of collaboration expressed in contemporary fashion. This research's results are as follow as; First, common life toward aesthetic surrounding, Second, introduction of high concept, Third, the power of Homo Consmus, Forth, focusing on the intangible elements and the value. This study intends to predict change of fashion design and fashion market for complicated consumer, and present fundamental materials about fashion industry and design development of the future through consideration on concrete aspect and meaning of collaboration expressed in contemporary fashion.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.8
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• pp.2163-2172
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• 1997

SSI(Surface/Surface Intersection)is a fundamental geometric operation which is used in solid and geometric modeling to support trimmed surface and Boolean operations. In this paper, we suggest a new algorithm for tracing along the intersection curve of two regular surfaces. Thus, in this paper, we present a simplicity of computing and second degree continunity. Given a point of intersection curve, it is traced to entire curve of a intersection curve as the initial point of its and the initial point of each of a intersection curve is detected to DFS(Depth First Search) method in the Quadtree and is naturally presented a continuous form.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

This study aimed to define characteristics of mountain village landscapes perceived by locals to sustainably preserve and manage mountain village landscapes. We selected landscape resources of mountain villages by reviewing previous studies and conducting field surveys and surveyed mountain villages' locals to investigate the characteristics of their perceptions of the mountain village landscapes. The surveys were conducted from March to October 2019, in the form of 1:1 questionnaire survey. In consequence, highly reliable 150 responses were analyzed. IPA method(Revised Importance-Performance Analysis) was used in the analysis. It is found that, in landscapes, the first quadrant is 'Cultivated land, Forest', the second quadrant is 'Coastal, Forestry and Agriculture Facility', the third quadrant is 'Forest Service·Profitable Facility, Settlement, History and Culture', and the fourth quadrant is 'Riparian, Street'. In conclusion, locals of mountain villages are perceiving the mountain village landscapes based on their livelihoods and daily lives, and the mountain village landscapes are closely related to their lives. The results of this study are expected to be utilized as fundamental resources in establishing policies regarding sustainable conservation and management of mountain village landscapes which led by locals.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.9
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• pp.1684-1697
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• 2011

We show that two protocols for RFID mutual authentication in pervasive computing environments, recently proposed by Kang et al, are vulnerable to several attacks. First, we show these protocols do not preserve the privacy of users' location. Once a tag is authenticated successfully, we show several scenarios where legitimate or illegitimate readers can trace the location of that tag without any further information about the tag's identifier or initial private key. Second, since the communication between readers and the database takes place over an insecure communication channel and in the plaintext form, we show scenarios where a compromised tag can gain access to confidential information that the tag is not supposed get access to. Finally, we show that these protocols are also vulnerable to the replay and denial-of-service attacks. While some of these attacks are due to simple flaws and can be easily fixed, others are more fundamental and are due to relaxing widely accepted assumptions in the literature. We examine this issue, apply countermeasures, and re-evaluate the protocols overhead after taking these countermeasures into account and compare them to other work in the literature.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.2305-2314
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• 2023

The governing equations of atmospheric dispersion most often taking the form of a second-order partial differential equation (PDE). Currently, typical computational codes for predicting atmospheric dispersion use the Gaussian plume model that is an analytic solution. A Gaussian model is simple and enables rapid simulations, but it can be difficult to apply to situations with complex model parameters. Recently, a method of solving PDEs using artificial neural networks called physics-informed neural network (PINN) has been proposed. The PINN assumes the latent (hidden) solution of a PDE as an arbitrary neural network model and approximates the solution by optimizing the model. Unlike a Gaussian model, the PINN is intuitive in that it does not require special assumptions and uses the original equation without modifications. In this paper, we describe an approach to atmospheric dispersion modeling using the PINN and show its applicability through simple case studies. The results are compared with analytic and fundamental numerical methods to assess the accuracy and other features. The proposed PINN approximates the solution with reasonable accuracy. Considering that its procedure is divided into training and prediction steps, the PINN also offers the advantage of rapid simulations once the training is over.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.1003-1016
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• 2023

In this paper, we introduce the idea of twisted product lightlike submanifolds of semi-Riemannian manifolds and provide non-trivial examples of such lightlike submanifolds. Then, we prove the non-existence of proper isotropic or totally lightlike twisted product submanifolds of a semi-Riemannian manifold. We also show that for a twisted product lightlike submanifold of a semi-Riemannian manifold, the induced connection ∇ is not a metric connection. Further, we prove that a totally umbilical SCR-lightlike submanifold of an indefinite Kaehler manifold ${\tilde{M}}$ does not admit any twisted product SCR-lightlike submanifold of the type M_⊥×_ϕM_T, where M_⊥ is a totally real submanifold and MT is a holomorphic submanifold of ${\tilde{M}}$. Consequently, we obtain a geometric inequality for the second fundamental form of twisted product SCR-lightlike submanifolds of the type M_T×_ϕM_⊥ of an indefinite Kaehler manifold ${\tilde{M}}$, in terms of the gradient of ln ϕ, where ϕ stands for the twisting function. Subsequently, the equality case of this inequality is discussed. Finally, we construct a non-trivial example of a twisted product SCR-lightlike submanifold in an indefinite Kaehler manifold.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2006

Objective : The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between handwriting skills and praxis. Method : Participants consisted of 50 normal children who were the second-grade students at an A elementary school in Kim-hae. They didn't have a visual dysfunction, an auditory dysfunction, and a disease or an injury in arms and hands. They could follow examiners' directions properly. They were administered the Postural Praxis and the Praxis on Verbal Command of the Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests(SIPT)(Ayres, 2000) and the handwriting skill test which was made with reference to foreign literatures. It was conducted from October 19, 2004 to December 17, 2004. The data were analyzed with non-paired t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results : 1. Total handwriting score and praxis according to gender of children showed the statistically significant differences(p<0.05). 2. Total handwriting score correlated with praxis(p<0.05) and handwriting speed did not correlate with praxis. 3. Postural Praxis and Praxis on Verbal Command according to handwriting groups showed the statistically significant differences(p<0.05). 4. Among the standards of the handwriting skill test, accuracy of letter form, identity of letter size, spacing between letters and words, placing text on lines, error existence, and letter out of regular square correlated with the Postural Praxis(p<0.05), and accuracy of letter form, identity of letter size, and placing text on lines correlated with the Praxis on Verbal Command(p<0.05). Conclusions : The correlation between handwriting skills and praxis will help occupational therapists to provide fundamental and various treatment programs for children who are referred for the poor handwriting. But more studies in handwriting skills and praxis are necessary to decide which component of handwriting skills is related to praxis.