• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 2009

A total of 3 epiphytic macroalgae were collected from eelgrass bed in Jindong Bay, and Scytosiphon lomentaria and Colpomenia sp. in Phaephyta, Gracilaria sp. in Rhodophyta occurred during study periods. For epiphytic microalgae (diatoms), Cocconeis scutellum and Cocconeis placentula were common species. Seasonal variations of epiphytic algal biomass were marked: the higher epiphytic macroalgae was 3.3 g $DW/m^2$ in November 2003; whereas epiphytic diatoms were 43,153 $cells/m^2$ in June 2003. Diversity and number of epiphytic macroalgae species were the lowest in the study area, compared with those of in other areas such as Koongyang Bay, Dongdae Bay, and Aenggang Bay. These results were therefore likely due to the severe physical characteristics of the intertidal mudflat eelgrass biological characteristics, and the deterioration of water quality.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 1988

The experiment was conducted to study on the physiology of developing embryo and endosperm degradation during germination of Zea mays seeds treated with GA 20 and B-Nine 5000 ppm. Data obtained can be summerized as follows : 1. Swelling of seminal root increased the section of GA treatment more or less, on the other hand, the section of B-9 treatment inhibited slightly. 2. According to elapsing of seeding date, epithelial cell of Scutellum expansed in size, and the space of cell increased, that degree was enlarged as follows ; the section of GA, the section of Control, and the section of B-9. 3. According to the elapsing of seeding date, the formation of vascular organization embryo became clearer little by little, the lignification of vascular B-9 treatment section rather higher than the other section. 4. The degradation of Starch Grain is composed of near part of epithelial cell of Scutellum, the shape of degradation radiate from element of a disk shape, and the speed of degradation is the section of GA, the section of Control, the section of B-9 in turn.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.251-257
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• 2009

Embryogenic callus was obtained from bulb segments of Iris pseudacorus on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) alone or in combination with kinetin. When early globular somatic embryos were subcultured onto MS medium with $4.52{\mu}M$ 2,4-D, high frequency of somatic embryogenesis was obtained. Deprivation of 2,4-D was required for maturation. Mature somatic embryos had an elongated scutellum with a notch on the base of scutellum. Separation of embryos from embryo clusters was necessary to enhance the frequency of germination. Germination was stimulated by separation of embryos from embryo clusters and transfer onto fresh half-strength MS medium with 3% sucrose. After acclimation in artificial soil in greenhouse for 2 months, 96.4% of plantlets survived.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.138-143
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• 1988

A key to subfamilies, tribes, and genera of Korean bark and ambrosia beetles including unrecorded genus Scolytogenes is provided with general and antennal pictures for identification.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 1991

To study the distribution patterns of epiphytic diatom on Porphyra species and ambient water phytoplankton, samples were collected in the Gaeya Island, Kyukpo, and Mokpo of the Yellow Sea from February 1989 to March 1990. Foully species of epiphytic diatoms were observed. Of these, the dominant species of epiphytic diatoms are Limophora dalmatica, L. abbreviata, Melosira nummuloides, Paralia sulcata, Achnanthes javanica var, subconstricta, Grammatophora oceanica, Navicula sp., Synedra sp., Pinnularia sp., Fragilaria striatula, Cocconeis scutellum var. parva. Licmophora dalmatica predominated troughout the study period. Phytoplankton standing stocks were relatively larger than those of other coastal areas in the Yellow Sea, Korea. Distribution patterns of epiphytic diatoms and the ambient water phytoplankton in Gaeya Island were similar to those of Kyukpo, but different from Mokpo.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.1 no.1_2
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• pp.79-86
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• 1985

The present report, which is the 4 th one of the serial reports of Korean SCarabaeoidea, is concerned with an introduction to the aphodiidae and with the systematic account six species which belong to the genus Aphodius and have a large scutellum. It is discussed that the subspecies of Aphodius apicalis are no more than the aberrant forms of this species, and then an aberrant form, Aphodius (Otophorus) brachysomus ab. Flavelytrus, is described.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.271-276
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• 1990

Our study was carried out for plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from immature seeds of Bletilla striata. The highest frequency of embryogenic callus formation was obtained from the immature seeds (at 150 days after pollination) cultured on Hyponex and VW medium supplemented with 3 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg/l kinetin under the dark condition. Multiple somatic embryos were induced when embryogenic callus was transferred to VW medium without growth regulators under continued illumination. Somatic embryos were observed histologically with scanning electron microscopy. Regeneration of Bletilla striata was obtained from somatic embryos with a well-defined scutellum and coleoptile as well as with one or more shoot primordia and root primordia. We think that these methods for orchid multiplication must be useful to access clonal propagation of orchids.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.70-77
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• 1988

In order to determine and to reduce the differences between biochemical test method for the seed viability with T.T.C. (2, 3, 5. Triphenyl tetrazolium Chloride) reagent and germinator method, the topographical diagram of red colored formazan was carried out in 15-16 parts differences. From this resulted information, the classification of the typical staining reaction given for 3 species were derived into 3-4 parts for the germinable in normal seedling, the same as the following results. 1. Corn (Gram inaceae) * Entier embryo stained in bright red color. * Both extremities of scutellum unstained * Both extremities of scuttlium, coleorhiza and non-critial portions of radicle unstained. 2. Soybean (Leguminosae) *Seed completely stained in red color. *Minor unstained areas on cotyledons. *Extreme tip of radicle unstained; minor unstained areas on cotyledons 3. Radish (Cruciferae) *Seed completely stained. *Minor unstained areas on cotyledons. *Outer cotyledon mostly unstained: inner cotyledon completely stained Extreme tip of radicle unstained: large portion of outer cotyledon unstained.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2002

Dehydrins (LEA Dll proteins) are one of the typical families of plant proteins that accumulate in response to dehydration, cold stress, abscisic acid, or during seed maturation. A 1.3-kb cDNA was cloned from a cDNA expression library of 5-day-old germinating maize scutellums under drought stress. The deduced protein sequence indicated a dehydrin gene encoding SK$_3$ LEA protein typically expressed during cold acclimation, but not by drought stress in barley and wheat. Thus, it was named maize DEHYDRIN2 (ZmDhn2). It accumulates rapidly and highly in drought-stressed scutellum and leaf tissues at any stage, but not under cold stress. ZmDhn2 gene was transformed into Arabidopsis thaliana for functional analysis under drought condition. From electrolyte leakage test, no significant difference showed between wild type and transformants under normal growth condition, but the leakage level of electrolyte in wild type plants was about 3 times as high as that in the transformed plants under drought stress. It suggests that ZmDHN2 playa role in increasing drought tolerance.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 1988

Several cultivars of rice were examined for induction of embryogenic callus on a medium containing MS salts, vitamins and 2, 4-D under darkness. Embryogenic callus was obtained from cultivar Cheonma with high ratio and embryo-like structures were formed from the callus on a medium with or without reduced 2, 4-D. Somatic embryoids with a plumule and radicle axis surrounded by a scutellum were observed. These embryoids germinated and produced plantlets in 30 days on the same medium. Protoplasts isolated from an embryogenic cell suspension culture derived from embryogenic callus were cultured either in liquid or in agar medium and protoplast derived cell colonies were obtained in 3-4 weeks.