• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1761-1766
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• 2012

Background: The appropriate interval between negative colonoscopy screenings is uncertain, but the numbers of advanced neoplasms 10 years after a negative result are generally low. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of colorectal neoplasm screening and management based on repeat screening colonoscopy every 10 years or single colonoscopy, compared with no screening in the general population. Methods and materials: A state-transition Markov model simulated 100,000 individuals aged 50-80 years accepting repeat screening colonoscopy every 10 years or single colonoscopy, offered to every subject. Colorectal adenomas found during colonoscopy were removed by polypectomy, and the subjects were followed with surveillance every three years. For subjects with a normal result, colonoscopy was resumed within ten years in the repeat screening strategy. In single screening strategy, screening process was terminated. Direct costs such as screening tests, cancer treatment and costs of complications were included. Indirect costs were excluded from the model. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the different screening strategies. Results: Assuming a first-time compliance rate of 90%, repeat screening colonoscopy and single colonoscopy can reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer by 65.8% and 67.2% respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for single colonoscopy (49 Renminbi Yuan [RMB]) was much lower than that for repeat screening colonoscopy (474 RMB). Single colonoscopy was a more cost-effective strategy, which was not sensitive to the compliance rate of colonoscopy and the cost of advanced colorectal cancer. Conclusion: Single colonoscopy is suggested to be the more cost-effective strategy for screening and management of colorectal neoplasms and may be recommended in China clinical practice.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-78
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• 2001

The purpose of this research was to find out plans to promote the fulfillment of the breast self-examination and breast cancer screening, which is preventive health behavior about women's having breast cancer exam in some part of our country with searching for the primary causes which have an effect on their fulfillment. The subjects of the study were 540 literate volunteers who were of age from 20 to 69 and who visited 8 health centers in Taegu. The survey research was made through questionares in the 8 health centers in Taegu from the 15th to the 30th of September, 1998. Based on Becker's health belief model asking medical staff's opinions with bibliographies, the major findings from the survey was as follow. The fulfillment rate of the breast self-examination and the breast cancer screening was 37.8％(204 subjects), 27.6％ (149 subjects) each. Getting breast self-exam varied significantly depending on subject's age, income of family, religion, occupation and the number of children. As far as the breast cancer screening was concerned, there was remarkably significant difference in accordance with their age, marital status, religion, occupation, income of family, the number of children, ways of nursing and parturition age of the first baby. The subjects in their forties accounted for the highest rate. Based on the fulfillment of the breast self-examination and the breast cancer screening, the average points of all the variables presented from the health belief as well as the points of the susceptibility, seriousness, benefits, knowledge and level of health concern of interest in health were significantly higher than the points of non-fulfillment of them in the statistical analysis whereas the barriers was lower than them. In consequence of the multiple-logistic regression analysis putting the breast self-examination and the breast cancer screening in dependent variables, occupation, knowledge, seriousness, benefits, barriers and cues to action had significant effects on breast self-examination against breast cancer. Looking more attainments, thinking diseases more seriously, feeling more usefulness and there being any patient around with breast cancer led to the higher rate of the breast self-examination against it. On the other hand, feeling more impedition as well as housewives caused the lower rate of it. The breast cancer screening was significantly affected by age, sensitivity, usefulness, impedition and behavior momentum as well. The cases who are older, feeling more sensitivity against breast cancer, more usefulness of the examination and where any patient around, the fulfillment rate was higher. Contrarily the more impedition they felt, the lower the fulfillment rate was. Accordingly, the study of the causes, which have significant effects on the fulfillment of the self-examination and the breast cancer screening in order to find it in an early stage, and the development of health education programs as well as proper education for public health through carrying on campaigns and stepping up public relations must be indispensable.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.305-310
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• 2014

This study was attempted to identify the factors influencing on cervical cancer screening acceptance using Pap smear in women over 20 years old. The subjects of this study were 192 screening acceptance group who visited health examination center. Data were collected by interview and self-administered questionnaire from April 22 through May 24, 2013. The results of this study as follows. Firstly, the response rate(45.8%) of non-screening acceptance group who is not a religion was significantly higher than the response rate(32.3%) of screening acceptance group($X^2=4.82$, p<.05). Secondly, the response rate(61.5%) of non-screening acceptance group who performed breast-feeding was significantly higher than the response rate(46.9%) of screening acceptance group($X^2=0.61$, p<.05). Thirdly, screening acceptance group who performed other screening was significantly higher 4.62 times than non-screening acceptance group(95% Cl=1.15-9.84, P=0.006). Based on the results of this study, it necessary to provide more cervical cancer screening information which can change the negative attitude among the public toward cancer screening acceptance using Pap smear.

• Epidemiology and Health
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• v.39
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• pp.36.1-36.8
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• 2017

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the screening rates for gastric, breast, and cervical cancer in people with diabetes compared with people without diabetes. METHODS: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2009) were used. Cancer-free men who were 40 years old and over and cancer-free women who were 30 years old and over were included. The lifetime screening rate and regular screening rate were compared in people with and without diabetes. RESULTS: Fewer people with diabetes than people without diabetes had ever received cancer screening (53.5 vs. 59.5%, p<0.001 for gastric cancer; 60.5 vs. 71.5%, p<0.001 for breast cancer; and 49.1 vs. 59.6%, p<0.001 for cervical cancer). Fewer people with diabetes than people without diabetes received the recommended screenings for gastric cancer (38.9 vs. 42.9%, p<0.001), breast cancer (38.8 vs. 44.6%, p<0.001), and cervical cancer (35.1 vs. 51.2%, p<0.001). In subgroup analyses according to socioeconomic factors, the lifetime and recommended screening rates were lower in the diabetic population in most socioeconomic subgroups. In the multivariate analysis adjusted for socioeconomic factors, people with diabetes showed lower lifetime screening rates for gastric and cervical cancer (odds ratio [OR], 0.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7 to 0.9 and OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.6 to 0.9), and lower regular screening rates for breast and cervical cancer (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.6 to 0.9 and OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.5 to 0.9). CONCLUSIONS: The cancer screening rate in people with diabetes was lower than in people without diabetes. Considering the higher cancer risk in people with diabetes, efforts to increase the screening rate in this high-risk population should be implemented.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8461-8467
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• 2014

Background: In this study we investigated factors influencing cancer screening intention and behavior to develop measures to increase the rate of cancer screening in the Korean elderly. Materials and Methods: Participants included 425 elderly subjects 65 years of age or older from D city, South Korea. The health behavior characteristics and cancer screening-related and theory of planned behavior (TPB) factors influencing the participant attitudes on cancer screening were examined to identify determinants significantly affecting cancer screening intentions and behavior. Results: Predictive factors influencing cancer screening behavior included smoking, exercise, cancer concerns, preference for the type of cancer screening, prior experience with the National Cancer Screening Program, perception of the National Cancer Screening Program, behavioral control with respect to cancer screening and cancer screening intentions. The factors influencing cancer screening behavior were different from those for cancer screening intentions. Conclusions: Increasing the cancer screening intentions of the elderly is necessary to raise the rates of cancer screening. Additionally, identifying the inhibitory factors that serve as obstacles to cancer screening in the elderly and changing screening intentions into actual screening behavior is necessary. This study provides a reference for developing and applying policy measures and intervention strategies to increase the cancer screening rates of the elderly in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.801-808
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the effect of self-foot reflexology on the relief of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in high school girls. Method: Study subjects was 236 women residing in the community, teachers and nurses who were older than 45 were recruited. Data was collected with self administered questionnaires from July 1st to August 31 st, 2003 and analysed using SPSS/WIN 10.0 with Xtest, t-test, and stepwise multiple logistic regression at a significant level of =.05. Result: The breast cancer screening rate was 57.2%, and repeat screening rate was 15.3%. With the multiple logistic regression analysis, factors associated with mammography screening were age and perceived barriers of action, and factors related to the repeat mammography screening were education level and other cancer screening experience. Conclusion: Based on the results, we recommend the development of an intervention program to decrease the perceived barrier of action, to regard mammography as an essential test in regular check-up, and to giveactive advertisement and education to the public to improve the rates of breast cancer screening and repeat screening.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

The aimed of the study was to investigate the referral rate of hearing screening for girls and boys senior high school in Gyeongsan and to consider the need for hearing screening. 359-girl and 205-boy were participated. Hearing screening was conducted tympanogram, automated otoacoustic emission(AOAE). Final referral rate was observed 9 girl (2.5%) and 19 boy (9.268%), respectively. There was no differences between boys and girls in tympanogram and AOAE. In conclusion, hearing screening for senior high school students needs to conduct tympanometry in order to screen hearing loss which is difficult to check through pure tone screening regardless of development of the Eustachian tube, and we need to make an effort to lower the false positive results.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.280-287
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• 2005

The Government bean implementing the National Cancer Screening Program(NCSP) in 1999 and expanded its target population and target cancers. The target cancers of NCSP since 2004 are the five most common cancers in Korea: stomachm liver colorectal, breast, cervical cancer. One goal of the NCSP in 2005 is to include in its target population up to lower 50% of premiu of National Health Insurance. The Government and National Cancer Center have bee developing the protocol for the NCSP with associated related academic societies Health Centers operate the NCSP with National Health Insurance Cooperation. The Particioants of NCSP in 2004 are 1.34million, 14% of target population and the detection rate 2004 is 0.07%. NCSP has three challenges. Firstly, NCSP improves the participant rate through educating cancer screening increasing the access of screening(e.g. mobile screening unit), and increasing reimbursement fee Secondly NCSP assesses the quality of screening with related academic societies and implement the intervention for quality improvement. Thirdly, NCSP continues to increase the cost-effectiveness through modification of target population, screening interval, method, and information system.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.41-60
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• 2003

This study, performed to analyze the factors associated with health and cancer screening using preventive programs form health insurance among the women of a community, through a survey of about 923 women in Euijungbu-city. The subjects of the study were selected by a proportional cluster sampling method. The self-reported questionnaire was intended to fine factors associated with health screening and cancer screening. The results of this study were as follows: 1. In the case of health screening using health insurance, 14.1% of the subjects turned out to have been screened once or more in their respective life-time. Reasons given for non-participation in the screening were : 'lacking screening information', a belief that' it's not useful' and a belief that they' weren't sick'. 2. The factors associated with health screening behavior were age, educational level, number of doctor visits, BMI and health promotion behavior(p<0.01, p<0.05). Also, the factors associated with health screening behavior were cue to action and health status, and the predictors on health screening behavior were age and health promotion behavior(p<0.01, p<0.05). 3. In the case of cancer screening through the health insurance, 7.4% of the subjects turned out to have been screened once or more respectively in their life-times. Reasons given for non-participation in the screening were : 'lacking screening information', a belief they 'weren't sick' and that it's not useful'. 4. The factors associated with cancer screening behavior were age, educational level, income, alcholol intake, exercise, number of doctor visits and BMI(p<0.01, p<0.05). Aditional factors associated with cancer screening behavior were cue to action, health belief score and health status. Predictors for cancer screening behavior were: age, health belief score, screening attitude and health status(p<0.01, p<0.05). As indicated by the above results, a lack of information was an important factor for a lack of participation in screening. Age and cue to action were also important factors in promoting the cancer screening rate. Therefore, a dissemination of information about cancer screening contributes to the promotion of a screening rate, and cooperation between health insurance and local health cancer facilitates to be public the community-based cancer screening program.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.161-167
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• 2001

Background and Objectives： Total laryngectomy is often required for advanced cases. But this operation induced the many inconvenience of basic daily life. Early diagnosis of laryngeal cancer is very important to prevent from this disastrous condition. In this point of view, mass screening test for early detection of laryngeal cancer is necessary. Screening test using voice has many advantages such as simple, less interventional. Voice collection by Automatic Response System(ARS) is comfortable and easy to got acoustic sample. Thus author tried to got the acoustic parameters which can differentiate normal, benign. and malignant laryngeal diseases and also checked the availability of parameters on neural network system. Materials and Methods: Author has evaluated the voice from 17 laryngeal cancer patients and 45 benign laryngeal disease patients who visited at Department of Otolaryngology, Pusan National University Hospital from May 1998 to April 2001, and 15 normal control. Author chose the sir Parameters (Jitt. vFo, Shim, vAm, NHR, SPI) that was thought to be related with voice collected by ARS among thirty-three parameters analysed by a Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP). Two-step neural network was used for the availability of six parameters. Results: The detection rate of normal voice by ARS voice analysis is 78.5% and detection rate of abnormal voice was 97.1 o/o. Among abnormal voice, the detection rate of benign laryngeal diseases and laryngeal cancers were 82.4 o/o, 70.6% respectively. Conclusion: Author concluded that six parameters and Matlab based neural network software may be effective in development of acoustic screening system for laryngeal cancer and further study should be necessary for development of new acoustic parameters.