• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.593-596
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• 2006

The environment-friendly building material, photocatalyst/scoria/loess concrete, was prepared using scoria and loess (which have merits as building materials) and photocatalyst (which has the functions to compose the environmental contaminants and of self cleaning). In order to apply this material as a building material, the compressive and flexible strengths, and water absorptivity (which have been set by Korea Industrial Standard) were measured. In order to know the environment-friendly characteristics of this material, several tests, such as, the tests of emissivity and emission power of far infrared ray and acoustic absorptivity, antibacterial test for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antifungal test for mixed fungal strains, and deodorization test of ammonia were carried out. Moreover, the removal characteristics of NOx, and formaldehyde (HCHO) by photocatalyst/scoria/loess concrete were examined as the following different parameters: the removal characteristics of these contaminants with the substitution ratio and the kind of photocatalyst, light source, UV intensity of sunlight, relative humidity, intial NOx concentration.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.226-230
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• 2003

제주도 지역의 특정위치를 선정하여 그 위치에서 채취한 화산암과 송이시료를 대상으로 상온에서 X-선형광법을 이용하여 시료의 화학조성을, X-선회절법과 Mossbauer분광법을 이용하여 시료에 함유된 광물, 산화철의 종류, 원자가상태와 자기적 성질을 분석하였다. 화산암과 송이시료는 SiO$_2$와 같은 규산염 광물이 주성분을 이루고 있고, olivine, pyroxene, ilmenite, hematite와 magnetite 등의 광물도 포함되어 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 화산암에 존재하는 철의 원자가 상태의 대부분은 Fe$^{2+}$이었고, 송이는 Fe$^{3+}$ 임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.699-709
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• 2005

This study aimed at improving the $TiO_2$ photocatalytic degradation of HA. In this study, the Degradation of Humic Acid using Jeju Scoria Coated with $WO_3/TiO_2$ in the presence of UV irradiation was investigated as a function of different experimental condition : photocatalyst dosage, $Ca^{2+}\;and\;HCO_{3}_{-}$ addition and pH of the solution. Photodegradation efficiency increased with increasing photocatalyst dosage, the optimum catalyst dosage is 2.5 g/L and Photodegradation efficiency is maximized to $WO_3/TiO_2=3/7$. This indicates that $WO_3$ retains a much higher Lewis surface acidity than $TiO_2,\;and\;WO_3$ has a higher affinity for chemical species having unpaired electrons. The addtion of cation($Ca^{2+}$) in water increased the photodegradaion efficiency. But the addtion of $HCO_{3}^{-}$ ion in water decreased a photodegradation efficiency. Photodegradation efficiency increased with decreasing pH < pzc, the electrostatic repulsion between the HA and the surface of $TiO_2$ decreased.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.241-254
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• 2015

A lot of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in Syria went out of service after a few years of construction. This was mainly due to reinforcement corrosion or chemical attack on concrete. The use of blended cements is growing rapidly in the construction industry due to economical, ecological and technical benefits. Syria is relatively rich in scoria. In the study, mortar/concrete specimens were produced with seven types of cement: one plain Portland cement (control) and six blended cements with replacement levels ranging from 10 to 35 %. Rapid chloride penetration test was carried in accordance with ASTM C 1202 after two curing times of 28 and 90 days. The effect on the resistance of concrete against damage caused by corrosion of the embedded steel has been investigated using an accelerated corrosion test by impressing a constant anodic potential. The variation of current with time and time to failure of RC specimens were determined at 28 and 90 days curing. In addition, effects of aggressive acidic environments on mortars were investigated through 100 days of exposure to 5 % $H_2SO_4$, 10 % HCl, 5 % $HNO_3$ and 10 % $CH_3COOH$ solutions. Evaluation of sulfate resistance of mortars was also performed by immersing in 5 % $Na_2SO_4$ solution for 52 weeks. Test results reveal that the resistance to chloride penetration of concrete improves substantially with the increase of replacement level, and the concretes containing scoria based-blended cements, especially CEM II/B-P, exhibited corrosion initiation periods several times longer than the control mix. Further, an increase in scoria addition improves the acid resistance of mortar, especially in the early days of exposure, whereas after a long period of continuous exposure all specimens show the same behavior against the acid attack. According to results of sulfate resistance, CEM II/B-P can be used instead of SRPC in sulfate-bearing environments.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2011

제주도 북동부 송당리 일원에 형성된 오름에서 채취한 스코리아의 화학적 조성 및 산화철의 원자가상태와 자기적 성질을 조사하였다. X-선 회절법을 이용하여 분석한 결과 이 지역의 스코리아들은 $SiO_2$와 장석이 주를 이루고 소량의 철 산화물이 확인되었다. M$\ddot{o}$ssbauer 분광법을 통해 광물 내의 철 성분들이 어떤 형태를 이루는지 살펴본 결과 olivine인 규산염과 pyroxene, ilmenite 형태의 상자성 철산화물 및 상온에서 반강자성 및 강자성 물질인 산화철 및 silicate mineral 등이 존재하였다. 철 화합물의 원자 가상태는 대부분 olivine과 pyroxene에서 $Fe^{3+}$이 존재하고 olivine, pyroxene과 ilmenite에 의해 소량의 $Fe^{2+}$ 성분이 존재하고 있음을 알 수 있었고. 그 외에도 산화철 및 silicate mineral로 추정되는 흡수선도 관측되었다. 따라서 이 지역 대부분의 스코리아내의 철에 대한 주 원자가 상태는 $Fe^{3+}$과 $Fe^{2+}$가 공존하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.493-502
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• 2022

In recent decades, infrastructural development has exploded, particularly in the coastal region of Saudi Arabia. The rising demand of most consumed aggregate in construction can be effectively compensated by the alternative material like scoria which lavishly exists in the western region. Scoria is characterized as lightweight aggregate beneficially used to develop lightweight concrete (LWC) - a potential alternative of normal weight concrete (NWC) ensuring reduction in the structural element's size, increase in building height, comparatively lighter foundation, etc. Hence, the goal of this study is to incorporate scoria-based structural lightweight concrete and evaluate its impact on superstructure and foundation design beside contributing to the economy of construction. Fresh, mechanical, and rheological properties of the novel LWC have been investigated. The structural analyses employ the NWC as well as LWC based structures under seismic and wind loadings. The commercial finite element package - ETABS was employed to find out the change in structural responses and foundations. The cost estimation and SWOT analysis for superstructure and foundation have also been carried out. It was revealed that the developed LWC enabled a more flexible structural design. Notable reduction in the steel and concrete prices of LWC might be possible in the low-rise building. It is postulated that the cost-effective and eco-friendly LWC will promote the usage of scoria as an effective alternative in Saudi Arabia and GCC countries for structurally viable LWC construction.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1437-1445
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• 2011

The adsorption performance of lead ion was studied using five zeolites (Na-P1, sodalite (SOD), analcime (ANA), nepheline hydrate (JBW), cancrinite (CAN)) synthesized from Jeju scoria. The adsorption performances of lead ion decreased in the order of Na-P1 > SOD > ANA > JBW > CAN. These results showed that the synthetic zeolite with a higher cationic exchange capacity showed a higher adsorption performance. The uptake of lead ion by synthetic zeolites were described by Freundlich model better than Langmuir model. The adsorption kinetics of lead ion by synthetic zeolites fitted the pseudo 2nd order kinetics better than pseudo 1st order kinetics. The effective diffusion coefficients of lead ion by synthetic zeolites were ten times higher than the zeolite A synthesized from coal fly ash.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.379-390
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• 2012

In this paper, the mechanical strength of different lightweight mortars made with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100 percentage of scoria instead of sand and 0.55 water-cement ratio and 350 $kg/m^3$ cement content is investigated. The experimental result showed 7.9%, 16.7% and 49% decrease in compressive strength, tensile strength and mortar density, respectively, by using 100% scoria instead of sand in the mortar. The normalized compressive and tensile strength data are applied for artificial neural network (ANN) generation using generalized regression neural network (GRNN). Totally, 90 experimental data were selected randomly and applied to find the best network with minimum mean square error (MSE) and maximum correlation of determination. The created GRNN with 2 input layers, 2 output layers and a network spread of 0.1 had minimum MSE close to 0 and maximum correlation of determination close to 1.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2008

Fe compounds in scoria as distributed in the south-western area of Jeju Island were investigated using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and $^{57}Fe$ $M{\ddot{o}}ssbauer$ spectroscopy. The samples were prepared from four parasite volcanoes. It was found that these samples are typical basalt comprised of $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, Fe, and silicate minerals. The $M{\ddot{o}}ssbauer$ spectra showed doublets for olivine, pyroxene, and ilmenite as well as sextets for hematite and magnetite. The valence state of Fe is chiefly a 3+ charge state with a slight 2+ charge state. It is expected that these results will add to the body of information related to the formation mechanisms of Jeju Island.

• 한국생물환경조절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물환경조절학회 1994년도 가을 심포지움 및 학술논문발표요지
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• pp.88-91
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• 1994

실험목적 :제주지방에 화산락인 송이(Scoria)가 수억톤 매장된 것으로 추정된다. 이 제주송이를 배지로 이용한 양액 재배에서 품질과 수량이 perlite, rock wool 등 일반 고형 배지경과 떨어지지 않는 연구 결과는 있으나 작물의 생육 과정에서 제주 송이가 양액 성분변화에 어떤 영향을 미치는지는 아직 발표된 바가 없다. 양액재배용 고형배지로 제주 송이가 안전한 사용을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 수행했다. (중략)