• The Mathematical Education
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.383-401
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• 2019

This study started with the idea that it is necessary to focus on common concepts and ideas among the subjects when conducting integrated education in high school. This is a preliminary study for developing materials that can be taught in mathematics in the context of already learning scientific concepts in high school. For this purpose, Mendel 's law of genetics was studied among the contents of biological subjects which are known to have relatively little connection with mathematics. The more common links between the two subjects are, the better, in order to integrate math and other subjects and develop materials for teaching. Therefore, in this study, we investigated not only the probability domain but also the concept of statistical domain. We have been wondering if there is a more abundant idea to connect between 'Mendel's law' and 'probability and statistics'. Through these anxieties, we could find that concepts such as 'likely equality' and 'permutation and combination' including 'a large number of laws' can be a link between two subjects. Based on this, we were able to develop class materials that correspond to classes. This study is expected to help with research related to development of integrated education support materials, focusing on mathematics.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.177-188
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• 2008

Attempts to develope designation criteria for ecological protected areas were made for rational and scientific designation and management of 'ecosystem and landscape conservation areas', 'wetland protection areas', 'special islands protection areas', and 'wildlife protected areas' which have been designated and managed by the Ministry of Environment. Through analysis of the requisites and criteria of IUCN, UNESCO, Natura 2000, the Ramsar convention, the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Germany as well as various academic researches, evaluation items of the protected areas were classified into naturalness, biodiversity, ecosystem, and scientific values. These classification titles are reflection of Korean laws concerning the 4 protected areas described above. Of these items 'naturalness' is composed of 3 factors of wilderness, geomorphology and landscape, and vegetation. 'Biodiversity' is composed of the 5 factors of species diversity, endangered species, rare species, indigenous biological resources, and habitat of wetland wild animals. 'Ecosystem' is composed of 5 factors of typicalness, diversity, rarity, restoration ability, and degree of interference. All factors are scored using a 3 point scale of high, middle, or low and are then transformed into the numerical index for designating and zoning purposes. Conclusively, it is expected that the developed methodology will be highly applicable with field verifications.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.346-376
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• 2018

Digital forensics is a vital part of almost every criminal investigation given the amount of information available and the opportunities offered by electronic data to investigate and evidence a crime. However, in criminal justice proceedings, these electronic pieces of evidence are often considered with the utmost suspicion and uncertainty, although, on occasions are justifiable. Presently, the use of scientifically unproven forensic techniques are highly criticized in legal proceedings. Nevertheless, the exceedingly distinct and dynamic characteristics of electronic data, in addition to the current legislation and privacy laws remain as challenging aspects for systematically attesting evidence in a court of law. This article presents a comprehensive study to examine the issues that are considered essential to discuss and resolve, for the proper acceptance of evidence based on scientific grounds. Moreover, the article explains the state of forensics in emerging sub-fields of digital technology such as, cloud computing, social media, and the Internet of Things (IoT), and reviewing the challenges which may complicate the process of systematic validation of electronic evidence. The study further explores various solutions previously proposed, by researchers and academics, regarding their appropriateness based on their experimental evaluation. Additionally, this article suggests open research areas, highlighting many of the issues and problems associated with the empirical evaluation of these solutions for immediate attention by researchers and practitioners. Notably, academics must react to these challenges with appropriate emphasis on methodical verification. Therefore, for this purpose, the issues in the experiential validation of practices currently available are reviewed in this study. The review also discusses the struggle involved in demonstrating the reliability and validity of these approaches with contemporary evaluation methods. Furthermore, the development of best practices, reliable tools and the formulation of formal testing methods for digital forensic techniques are highlighted which could be extremely useful and of immense value to improve the trustworthiness of electronic evidence in legal proceedings.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.57-77
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• 2014

A longitudinal study traced changes in students' understanding of Nature Of science (NOS) through the public secondary science education in Ontario Canada. Although the concepts of NOS are complicated, and students' understandings are not easy to change, not many longitudinal studies have been done across the world. The current study tried to identify the changes of participating students' understandings of NOS for two and half years of public secondary science education in Ontario Canada. Pretest was administered using Views of Nature of Science (VNOS-C) when six participants graduated from a middle school of Toronto. Two and half years of secondary education, the posttest was carried out using the same instrument. After pre and posttest, probing interviews were performed. The analysis of the data was founded on the Standards and the conceptual framework for this study. The findings were that the initial views have little changed. Most examples and explanations the participants provided were from their science classes. Lab activities for confirming the existing laws and theories and observable photos in science textbooks made students regard the knowledge as a truth. Naturally, their knowledge has been expanded for 2 and 1/2 years, but this expansion of scientific knowledge led students toward Universalist views on science. On the other hand, when science was presented with a historical approach or was networked with other concepts, students acknowledged science and scientific knowledge had been induced from inferences as well as observations and experimental results. Based on the findings the authors of this research suggest that educating the knowledge of science should be historical and networked approaches rather than teaching the knowledge as concise and true statements of the nature.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2010

There is increasing consensus that global warming is seriously affecting the Arctic region. Sea Ice decreases and sea level rise have led to environmental change in Arctic Ecosystems, while also making the Arctic sea route more accessible to humans. There are complicated international governance dynamics in play, in addition to commercial and scientific interests in the Arctic region. This provides a unique opportunity for Korea to lead the future direction of Arctic policy in response to the global issues such as climate change and economic or scientific interests. Korea acquired Ad-hoc Observer status of the Arctic Council(AC) in 2008, which is the only pan-Arctic intergovernmental organization. It consists of six working groups: ACAP, AMAP, CAFF, PAME, EPPR, SDWG that implement research, survey, and monitoring. AC's Observer country has the opportunity to participate in a diverse range of activities such technical and expertise support, research and monitoring, financial support and conference organization. In order for Korea to expand its activities in the Arctic region, we suggest the following approach: First, Korea should become more actively engaged with the Arctic Council and its activities; Second, Korea should construct organized collaborative networks of national experts to respond to Arctic issues; Third, Korea should develop collaborations with Arctic states; Finally, Korea should intensify its research on international relations and international laws related to the Arctic region.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.346-356
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate how to apply the theories of oriental medicine appropriately, which direction should be taken, and how it should be developed The results are as follows. First, to develop medicinal cuisine, it is necessary to grasp the theoretical system, considering Ohaeng and Omi, the five viscera and the six entrails, organs and body, by raising the level of understanding comprehensively about the relationship between the characteristics of each groups of Sasang Constitutions and the theories of Eumyangohaeng, and the relationship between the theory of Kimi. and food, and then to explain developed medicinal cuisine and apply those theories to inventing new ones. Secondly, to develop medicinal cuisine for health enhancement, it is also required not only to consider constitutions but also to suggest the need of knowledge for moderation in terms of regimen along with the theory of Kimi. Thirdly, to develop medicinal cuisine according to the perspective of Kimi. Theory, what should be taken into account is not only the understanding of the characteristics of food materials, but also the properties of them that the theory of Kimi, Eumyangohaeng, and Sasang Constitutions share so that it is possible to invent medicinal cuisine which is good for anybody to protect disease specific to a certain group of constitutions with, and serves as the dietary regimen customed to each constitution group. Lastly, the scientific effect of the medicinal cuisine which is developed according to the theory of Kimi., Eumyangohaeng, and Sasang Constitutions should be verified by scientific researches and clinical experiments. And it is believed to be essential for the government to make efforts to set a standard and laws to validate the medicinal effects and the process of assessment so that the systematic development can be encouraged, and to prepare guidance to food development for national health improvement.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.151-172
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• 2008

This study searched fundamental basis of four-constitution medicine from the principle of "Yeokgyeong(易經)" that is scientific foundations of Dongmu(東武) Ijema(李濟馬)'s four-constitution medicine based on system of "Yeokgyeong(易經)" and looked into the principle of our-constitution medicine ontologically. That is to say, the translation of five phase(五行) that represented in "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)" regulated that substance of five phase is spleen-earth(脾土). But four-constitution medicine mentions the substance as heart-earth(心土) in place of spleen-earth. Because of it's standpoint, the differences on meanings between spleen-earth and heart-earth on the substance of five-phase becomes motive to interpret scientific system of four-constitution medicine fundamental wrongly. For that reason, the research of this title is needed. The results was summarized as follows. First, in ontological view point of structure of four-constitution, five phase is substance and phenomenon, in other words it includes earth of unrevealed substance and wood, fire, metal and water of self-manifestation of existence. Second, in axiological view point, the four-constitution represent principles and contents of four virtues of human nature. And so the innate four virtues ontologically based on four-constitution of heaven. Therefore a human being is endowed innately benevolence, courtesy, justice, intelligence of four virtues. Third, the concept of greater and lesser of Eum(陰, yin) and Yang(陽, yang) in Dongmu(東武)'s four-constitution medicine is four-constitution in "Yeokgyeong(易經)". Greater principle(太極) and four-constitution is a relation of substance and phenomenon. Fourth, the origin and structure of four-constitution medicine includes the structure and principle of natural philosophical Eumyang and four-constitution, the human-centric theory and sciences of human nature and natural laws and medical experience of traditional oriental medicine and medical principle.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.565-583
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• 2009

We studied what kind of science-contents problems can also give information on one's creativity for use in the selection of scientifically gifted. 383 7th and 8th graders as subjects, we first analyzed the corelation between the results of creative thinking, scientific attitude, science inquiry, logical thinking and the scientific creativity problem solving skill test. The corelation analysis indicated that science inquiry test could represent other tests except TTCT. We then tested 532 6th graders with TTCT and science inquiry tests concomitantly with the contents- related problems made in such types as naming 20 scientists, writing about a scientist, imagination to overcome a problem, understanding of theory and application and understanding of science laws and application. The results indicated that writing and imagination were most efficient in assessing both the contents and the creativity.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.118-124
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• 2021

The article examines the formation of a competitive paradigm of economic security of industrial enterprises in the formation of a circular economy. The basic laws of industrial enterprises are formed, which determined the characteristics of competitive positions and threats. The basic competitive concepts and their application at maintenance of economic safety of the industrial enterprises in the conditions of formation of circular economy are described. Thus, the technological approach to the formation of a competitive paradigm is based on production technologies, opportunities for technological modernization and development of infrastructure and intellectual competencies. The institutional concept reveals the regulatory mechanisms for ensuring competitiveness through the protectionism of national industrial enterprises, standardization and regulation of market imbalances. The innovation-investment approach within the competitive paradigm is also manifested in the creation of competitive advantages due to the presence of active innovative developments and their commercialization, knowledge and competencies of staff, capitalization of intelligence and communications, constant updating of infrastructure and technologies. Collectively, innovation and investment effects on the level of economic security allow industrial enterprises to ensure resilience to increasing competition, the emergence of new market challenges in the formation of a circular economy. A strategic approach to the application of a competitive paradigm to ensure the economic security of industrial enterprises allows you to justify the prospects for development and design behavioral models to predict and assess potential threats. The concept of system management is based on the complexity of threat analysis, the integrity of the economic security system, system-forming functions and patterns of implementation of industrial development tasks in the formation of a circular economy. The application of the described concepts is formalized by the authors through the definition of the basic patterns, directions and characteristics of their impact on the elements of the security system of industrial enterprises in the formation of a circular economy.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.149-164
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• 2014

The laws and policies governing Korea's game regulations are becoming more and more topics for debate as we enter the Age of Internet. The nature of the basis for Internet regulations and policies are not rooted in freedom of speech or fundamental values of democracy, but rather focused on solving real-world problems such as protection of the youth. Furthermore, the reality is that regulatory devices for keeping the social order such as regulating gambling are being applied directly to games without consideration on the characteristics of Internet gaming, raising concerns that the expansion of constitutional values and innovative empowerment inherent to the Internet are being weakened. The Geun-Hye Park Administration which succeeded Myung-Bak Lee's Administration, even went so far as to implement the so-called "Shutdown Policy", which prohibits access to Internet games during pre-defined time zones and also instigated a time zone selection rule. In order to curb the gambling nature of Internet games, government-led policies such as the mandatory personal identification and prohibition of player selection or in other words mandatory random player selection are being implemented. These institutions can inhibit freedom of speech, which is the basis of democracy, violate the right of equality through unreasonable discrimination between domestic and foreign service providers, and infringe upon the principles of administrative law, such as laws, due process in policies, and balance in among policies and governmental bodies. Going forward, if Korea's Internet game regulations and polices is to develop in a rational manner, regulatory frameworks will need to be designed to protect the nature of the Internet and its innovative values that enable the realization of constitutional values; for example, the Internet acting as the "catalytic media for freedom of expression as a fundamental human right ", which has already been acknowledged by the Korea's Constitutional Court. At the same time, transparent procedures should be put into place that will allow diverse participation of stakeholders including game service providers, game users, the youth and parents in the legislation and enforcement process of regulatory institutions; policies will also need to be transformed to enable not only regulatory laws but also self-regulation system to be established. And in this process, scientific and empirical analysis on the expected effects before introducing regulations and the results of enforcing regulations after being introduced will need to be strengthened.