• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2005

In this research, we propose packet scheduling algorithm considering different QoS characteristics of real-time traffic and non-real-time traffic in the next generation wireless communication system serving the multimedia traffic and a new efficient framing method cooperated with this packet scheduler. When the selected traffic classes of the selected users are transmitted, our proposed framing method can increase the number of serviced traffic classes by mixing the many different traffic classes within one frame considering data rate decided by the allocated AMC (Adaptive Modulation and Coding) option. Using this proposed method, the fairness among the traffic classes can be achieved and the system performance for total throughput and delay can be enhanced. Simulations are performed to analyze the performance of the proposed framing method. Our proposed packet scheduler and framing method will be applied to the next generation multimedia wireless communication system serving many traffic classes.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.433-446
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• 1999

Let G denote either of the groups $GL_2(q)$ or $SL_2(q)$. The mapping $theta$ sending a matrix to its transpose-inverse is an auto-mophism of G and therefore we can form the group $G^+$ = G.<$theta$>. In this paper conjugacy classes of elements in $G^+$ -G are found. These classes are closely related to the congruence classes of invert-ible matrices in G.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2012

We investigated the perception and preferred type of question and analyzed type of questions asked by teachers in elementary science class to identify how teachers' perception of questioning is reflected in teaching practices. We collected the data from questionnaires, deep-interview and audiotaped four classes from grade 3 and six classes from grade 6. The data form deep-interview were analyzed interpretively and Blosser' framework of question was used to analyze questions which teachers used in classes. By interpretation of data from questionnaires, the teachers agreed that questioning affects science class in elementary school. There were a little differences in perceptions of questioning among three teachers. They preferred various types of question rather than a specific type. They didn't have a good understanding of questioning. The result showed that the teachers used frequently cognitive-memory question and convergent thinking question, which belonged to closed questions in their science classes. This didn't accord with their preferred types of question. The causes came from objectives of science instruction, degree of understanding about questioning, preference and confidence for science class. From this findings, we suggested that teachers should be given opportunities to take training courses in questioning in order to use effective questioning in science class.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.565-574
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• 2018

본 연구는 과학중점학교 과학수업에 대한 학생들의 인식을 조사하여 과학중점학교 사업을 통해 우리나라 과학교육의 개선을 위해 시행된 과학중점학교에 대한 전략적 지원과 노력들이 수업에서 어떻게 나타나고 있는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 14개 과학중점학교의 학생 654명이 연구에 참여하였으며, 학생들은 과학중학교 과학수업의 특징과 과학중점학교가 일반 고등학교와 다른 점을 묻는 2개의 개방형 문항에 응답하였다. 학생들의 응답은 언어네트워크 분석방법을 사용하여 분석하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 학생들은 교사와 학생의 원활한 소통, 학생들이 자유롭게 질문하고 서로 토론하며 적극적으로 수업에 참여하는 분위기, 과학 실험 활동, 어려운 과학 내용을 배우는 것, 학습된 지식을 공유하는 긍정적인 수업 분위기 등을 과학수업의 특징으로 인식하고 있었다. 학생들이 인식하고 있는 과학중점학교의 차별적 특성으로는 많은 수의 과학 관련 교과목(과제연구, 과학II 과목 등)의 이수, 관심 있는 분야의 비교과 체험활동, 탐구 및 연구 중심의 학생활동과 이에 대한 학교의 지원, 좋은 수업 분위기, 과학과 관련한 많은 수업시간, 활발한 R&E 및 동아리 활동, 다양한 과학실험 활동 등으로 나타났다. 그리고 과학중점학교의 과학수업에 대한 '어렵고 힘들지만 적극적으로 참여하는' 수업이라는 이러한 분석결과는 선행연구들에서 밝혔던 좋은 과학수업의 모습과 많이 유사한 것이기도 하였다. 그동안 과학중점학교에 대해 이루어졌던 여러 행 재정적인 지원과 함께, 과학 교실수업에 대한 본 연구의 조사결과는 앞으로 이루어질 학교교육의 혁신 프로그램의 도입에 실질적인 도움과 벤치마킹 사례를 제공해 줄 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 2015 개정 교육과정 적용 2년차를 맞이하여 고등학교 과학과 선택과목의 수업과 평가 구현 실태를 조사함으로써 과학과 교육과정의 안착 및 개선 방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 244명의 고등학교 과학과 교사들을 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하였으며, 9명의 과학 교사들과 심층 면담을 수행하여 교육과정 운영에 대한 심층적인 답변을 구하였다. 주요 연구결과를 살펴보면, 설문조사에서 과학 교사들은 개정 교육과정에서 교과역량 신장과 학생들의 참여를 높이기 위한 수업을 고민하고 있지만, 여전히 강의 위주 수업을 가장 자주 활용하는 것으로 나타났다. 평가 측면에서는 과정중심평가와 관련된 문항들에서 교사들은 긍정적인 변화가 있다고 응답하였다. 과학과 선택과목 운영의 어려움으로 교사들은 '담당해야 하는 과목의 수 증가', '업무 과다', '다양한 교수학습 및 평가 등을 고려한 수업의 재구조화에 대한 부담'을 가장 많이 선택하였다. 심층 면담을 통해 교사들은 통합과학에 비해 과학I 선택과목에서는 탐구실험 등과 같은 학생참여형 수업을 덜 강조하며, 과학II 과목의 경우 주로 3학년 때 하므로 학생참여형으로 진행하기 어렵다고 주장하였다. 또한, 과학과 선택과목에서 과정중심평가를 하려면 시간 확보가 필요하며, 수능에 실험이 안 나와서 실험에 대한 과정중심평가도 할 필요가 없다고 응답하였다. 연구결과를 토대로 과학과 선택과목에서 과정중심평가 안착을 위한 지원방안, 학교현장의 학생참여형 수업이나 과정중심평가의 방향성과 원인에 대한 심층 분석의 필요성 등을 제안하였다.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.119-132
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• 2014

In recent years, Korea encourages teachers to do STEAM education(Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts & Mathematics), which includes Arts to STEM education to train creative science technology talent. Related to this, we developed a subject substitute STEAM program for the 6th grade students in elementary school and applied it in a field. The STEAM program which substitutes contents in curriculum related to Energy unit was developed and it was taught to twenty four sixth grade students during regular classes. During the classes, all activities of students were observed and they were written in recording notes during the observation. After all STEAM program ended, how students recognize the subject substitute STEAM program compared to general class, understand learning contents and think about the program before and after the STEAM classes were analyzed through questionnaire and interviews. The results were as follows. First, some students had difficulty in reconciling different ideas in group, creative thinking and crafts but most students liked the STEAM classes because many activities are fun and it is easy to understand. Second, learners regarded practical use of knowledge, learning different subjects together and interests as the reasons they can understand learning contents easily during STEAM program. Third, learners recognized STEAM classes are good to understand knowledge, think creative ideas and improve social skills after the STEAM classes while they showed anticipation, worry and fear before taking the classes. It is found that a subjective substitute STEAM program is helpful to increase learners' interests in learning, understand learning contents, increase creativity and have a good personality through a qualitative research.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.227-236
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• 2020

이 연구는 디지털 리터러시를 강조한 과학 수업을 통해 학생의 과학에 대한 태도 변화와 핵심역량의 성장을 알아보았다. 이를 위해 C 지역의 C 중학교 1학년 116명을 대상으로 연구를 진행하였으며, 총 35차시의 디지털 리터러시를 강조한 과학 수업을 투입하였다. 첫째로, 과학 태도에 미치는 영향을 알아본 결과 통계적으로 유의미한 변화가 있었다(p<.05). 하위영역별 효과 크기는 0.67~1.52로 중간이상의 효과 크기를 보였다. 둘째로, 디지털 리터러시를 강조한 수업의 유형에 따라서 성장 인식의 전체 빈도 차이는 크게 없었다. 하지만 핵심역량에 따른 분석에서는 Web 기반 수업은 핵심역량별로 빈도의 차이가 크지 않는 반면, 첨단기술 수업은 핵심역량별로 다소 차이가 큼을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 과학교육에 주는 시사점으로 디지털 리터러시를 강조한 과학 수업의 활용을 높일 필요가 있다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.252-259
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the status and science teachers' perceptions of classes for those gifted in science in elementary school. For this purpose, a number of questions were posed to teachers : 27-item-questionnaires were given to 38 teachers of students gifted in science in elementary schools located in Incheon province. The results of this study were as follows : 1. most elementary teachers were in charge of classes containing students gifted in science, but this was the case with only a few secondary teachers. Therefore, it appears to be more necessary to educate elementary teachers who majored in science content and gifted education. 2. In addition, most teachers had positive perceptions of the needs, attitudes and environments needed for gifted education. Most of them attended 60-hour training programs on gifted education. They thought that it was helpful in understanding the characteristics of gifted students, but they wanted to learn more about actual pedagogical methods through such programs. 3. The teaching methods used in classes for those gifted in science were mainly experimental activities, but there were few opportunities for creative problem solving and project learning. This may be due to limited class time of about one hour every two weeks in this class. 4. When the materials used in class were first developed, they mainly used materials made by the city board of education and selected the theme of interest by themselves. Therefore, there may be problems of duplication of materials or systems regarding the science contents for one year. 5. Furthermore, the themes of the materials used were mostly related in terms of the contents of textbooks than more generally. When planning and managing the classes for those gifted in science, the above points should be considered in order to improve the education of those students gifted in science.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.805-812
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• 2021

Objectives: To investigate the perceived quality of classes, academic emotions, and learning achievement levels associated with the non-face-to-face classes of health science students, and to analyze the factors related to class satisfaction. Methods: Using a questionnaire, 238 health science students were surveyed regarding the quality of classes, academic emotions, and learning achievement levels. Factors related to calss satisfaction were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression. Results: Lecture types that the students were most satisfied with were 'video lectures using PPT' and 'recorded lectures provided by LMS', while 'real-time video lectures' were scored the lowest (p=0.005). Factors affecting non-face-to-face class satisfaction were perceived achievement (β=0.425, p<0.001), learning content (β=0.265, p<0.001), learning emotion (β=0.171, p<0.001), and learning environment (β=0.137, p=0.012). The adjusted explanatory power for this model was 63.9%. Conclusions: To increase the satisfaction of health science students with non-face-to-face classes, it is necessary to prepare an institutional foundation and to develop an educational program that can increase perceived achievement.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.353-368
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• 2020

This study analyzed the teacher's perception for influence of behavioral characteristics of scientifically-gifted students on general students in elementary school science class. To do this, we selected the eight elementary school teachers who were conducting the regular science classes including scientifically-gifted students belonging to the gifted education institutes in Seoul and conducted individual in-depth interviews. The analysis of the results reveal that the teachers mentioned seven behavioral characteristics of scientifically-gifted students in general elementary school science classes.: 'excellent in designing and performing experiments', 'playing a leading role in experiments', 'expressing their abundant prior knowledge frequently', 'attempting their tasks with curiosity and persistence', 'displaying scientific creativity', 'often asking scientific questions in detail', and 'expressing their opinions logically'. These behavioral characteristics of scientifically-gifted students had positive effects on general students, such as 'providing them with a successful experience in conducting experiments', 'improving understanding of science class contents', 'developing scientific thinking and reflective thinking', and 'improving their students' positive experiences about science'. However, the excessive learning-driven behaviors of scientifically-gifted students had negative effects on general students, such as 'limiting opportunities for general students to participate in classes', 'conducting passive exploration centered on results', and 'causing conflicts with general students'. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.