• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.154-163
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• 1996

In Korea, previous survey in science education mainly dealt with Quantitative variables. Qualitative ethnographic observation can bring deeper understanding of the context of school lesson and it's feature. The purpose of this study was to develop qualitative understanding about the learning experiences provided in middle school and students' responses to them through observation and interview and to investigate it from a constructivist perspective. Six lessons of the 9th grade were observed and recorded on the video tape. The topics of the lessons were potential energy, kinetic energy and conservation of mechanical energy. We had also unstructured interview with the teacher and three groups of students. The teacher's deductive explanation starting from scientific definition and quantitative problem solving using formula were the main features of the classroom lectures. The video - watching lesson was taking the role of a break rather than being seen as a useful tool for science learning and teaching by both students and the teacher. The teacher's perception about the lab experiment was not supported by the responses from the students. The teacher and students preferred problem-book to textbook for their teaching and learning. From a constructivist's perspective, however the teacher seemed to have intention of introducing daily life context, he couldn't unfold it to main context of the lessons. Students were so accustomed to passive learning that they did not express directly their complaint about their learning and did not participate in planing and controling their learning. The teacher and the students believed the scientific knowledge came from an exact experiment. There was a cooperation to seek right answer rather than a social process of making sense of knowledge. In conclusion, the observed science lessons of a middle school showed typical cross section of teacher - centered, passive learning environment, which is far from constructivist perspective.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 2007

통계 교육의 목표는 통계적 사고를 기르는 것이고, 변이성은 통계적 사고의 기본 요소이다. 이 연구에서는 자료의 변이성에 관한 선행연구를 고찰하고 이를 토대로 변이성 개념을 탐구할 수 있는 상황을 분류하여 Freudenthal의 이론에 근거한 학습 자료를 개발하였다. 이 자료를 토대로 학습하는 학생들의 변이성 개념의 이해 과정을 면밀히 살펴보기 위하여 사례연구를 실시하였다. 변이성의 탐구는 자료의 요약, 그래프로의 표현을 통하여 분포를 볼 수 있도록 하고, 상대도수와 결합하여 확률분포와 정규분포에 이르는 중요한 시발점이 된다. 이 연구에서는 통계 교육의 내용 및 방법을 재고하고, 변이성을 보다 강화한 학습이 어떤 형태로 가능한가에 대한 사례연구를 통해 통계 교육의 내용과 방법 변화를 위한 기초자료를 제공하였다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate elementary school students' awareness about socio-scientific issues and solutions about environmental topics by using their drawings. For this study, 489 students were participated in 3 provincial regions, Incheon, Dangjin and Pohang in Korea. The students participated in a drawing activity to express their ideas of the socio-scientific issues and solutions related to 'environmental problems.' The analysis of the data include that the students displayed most awareness towards air pollution, water pollution and trash problems. However, the global environmental problems such as global warming and climate change were perceived very low. The interesting thing was about 8% of the students, who drew global environmental problems, tried to explain their drawings using scientific knowledge. But they revealed misconceptions as well. For instance, they were not good at connecting their science knowledge with environmental problems. About 80% of the students drew the pictures, showing solutions in personal context. They mainly drew 3 kinds of solutions: 'Reduce trash', 'Preserve ecosystem' and 'Saving of resources & energy'. Most students suggested to administrate the action plans. About 19% of the students drew 'campaign to save the forest' or 'develop alternative energy' in social context. And only 1 student drew UN conference to solve the environmental problems in national context.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.359-374
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• 2014

증명 학습과 관련하여 학생들이 경험하는 어려움과 오류는 수학교육계의 난제라 할 만하다. 증명에 대한 형식적 학습이 이루어지는 기하 영역에서뿐만 아니라 대수 증명에 대해서도 문자식의 처리나 일반성의 파악과 관련하여 어려움의 요소는 도처에서 발견된다. 본 연구에서는 두 3의 배수의 합은 3의 배수라는 명제에 대한 문자식을 포함한 증명에서 학생들이 증명의 문맥을 적절하게 이해하는가를 알아보는 데 초점을 둔다. 중학교 3학년 학생 24명을 대상으로 하여 증명 과정에 문자식이 포함되며 결론 부분은 빈 칸으로 생략되어 있는 증명을 제시하고 그 증명이 어떤 명제에 대한 증명인지 알아보도록 한 결과 반 이상의 학생이 문자식 자체에 근거하여 부적절한 응답을 하였다. 나아가 그 중 임의 추출한 세 명을 개별 면담함으로써 사고 특징을 조사하였다. 대수 증명을 식의 성립을 보이는 것으로 간주하는 증명관, 증명 수행과 이해에서의 문자식 해석의 괴리 등을 비롯한 사고 특징을 파악하고 그로부터 교육적 시사점을 도출하였다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.2-15
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• 2014

• 영어어문교육
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.21-47
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of English vocabulary learning strategies such as definition-oriented/contextoriented/situated context-oriented vocabulary learning strategy according to the cognitive styles of learners and interaction effect on the achievement test score between the learners' cognitive style and vocabulary learning strategies. The results show that there is no significant difference in the achievement test scores between field-dependent learner group and field-independent learner group. And there is significant difference in the English vocabulary achievement test scores among three experimental treatment groups, definition-oriented, context-oriented, situated context-oriented vocabulary learning strategy groups. Finally, there is an interaction effect on the achievement test score between the learners' cognitive style and vocabulary learning strategies.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.131-152
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• 2015

Environmental differences across countries such as socio-cultural, political, economic, and technological differences require business strategies of multinational corporations to vary business practices across regions. Despite the keen awareness of the necessity for strategic adaptation to local context, IS management and strategy tend to remain similar across countries. One of the reasons is to maintain the stability and compatibility of information technology infrastructure. After a careful observation of retail business practice, this study finds IS strategy should also be highly responsive to the local context. This study shows how information resources including systems architecture, processes, human resources, and national context are interlinked together. Despite global excellence in general systems management, failure in such alignment can be a serious problem in extending competitive advantages across regions. This study aims to reveal issues to be taken care of in order to accomplish global technological alignment. Results of this study provide senior management with guidelines and a framework for aligning IT with regional strategic thrust that can improve local responsiveness of multinational companies.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2017

To understand whether Falling, which is one of the causes of injuries, occurs, various behavior recognition research is proceeding. However, in most research recognize only the fact that Falling has occurred and provide the service. As well as the occurrence of the Falling, the risk varies greatly based on the type of Falling and the situation before and after the Falling. Therefore, when Falling occurs, it is necessary to infer the user's current situation and provide appropriate services. In this paper, we propose to base on Fog Computing and Cloud Computing to design Context-aware System using analysis of behavior data and process sensor data in real-time. This system solved the problem of increase latency and server overload due to large capacity sensor data.

• 정보기술응용연구
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.91-108
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• 2001

Participatory Design (PD) community recognized that identification of use case scenarios describing possible uses of the future system is beneficial for users to identify their system requirements. However, brainstorming is a typical methodology for users to create use case scenarios during PD session, which heavily depend on the people skill and experiences of the analysts. The objective of this study is to develop a theoretical framework for automatic generation of requirement scenarios. Automatically generated scenarios serves as a menu of the possible user requirements from which user group can start to generate ideas about their requirements. The convergent approach taken here is novel in that the generated scenarios describe system requirements as well as the business process requirements in which the system operates. A context-sensitive grammar is used to generate the context relevant requirement scenarios.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.695-700
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• 2008

Artificial neural network (ANN) has been extensively used in areas of nonlinear system modeling, analysis and design applications. Basically, ANN has its distinct capabilities of implementing system identification and/or function approximation using a number of input/output patterns that can be obtained via numerical and/or experimental manners. The paper describes a role of ANN, especially a back-propagation neural network (BPN) in the context of engineering analysis, design and optimization. Fundamental mechanism of BPN is briefly summarized in terms of training procedure and function approximation. The BPN based causality analysis (CA) is further discussed to realize the problem decomposition in the context of multidisciplinary design optimization. Such CA is also applied to quantitatively evaluate the uncoupled or decoupled design matrix in the context of axiomatic design with the independence axiom.