• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.81-92
• /
• 2017

Father participation in child rearing is gaining its importance in the field of child development. Previous literature consistently suggests the importance of parental efficacy and educational support on children's school life. However, studies which that focus exclusively on the role of the father's role are highly limited. Based on previous literature, we hypothesized that parental efficacy would directly and indirectly affect children's school life via parental educational support at home. We aimed to expand on the previous literature by exploring the relations within fathers. Participants were 662 fathers whose children attended elementary, middle, and high school. We measured parental efficacy, educational support at home, and their children's school life were measured. Descriptive statistics were first conducted to investigate the general features of participants as well as the correlations between study variables. The research model was analyzed using structural equation modeling in AMOS 20.0. Results proved the direct effect of father's parental efficacy on father's educational support at home as well as children's school life. Fathers' educational support at home mediated the effect of parental efficacy on children's school life. Our results suggests that fathers who perceive themselves as efficient parents provides a higher level of educational support at home for their children; consequently, children of those fathers in turn adjust better in school and achieve higher grades. Also, the father's parental efficacy also indirectly exerts positive effects on children's school life via heightened educational support at home. An importance of paternal participation and support in child rearing and education was highly suggested. Relevant policy issues regarding paternal educational support were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.1183-1189
• /
• 2005

Objectives : This descriptive study was conducted to examine the degree of stress, coping styles, communication with the mother and depression between headache-suffering children and headache-free children and to explore predicted factors for headache occurrence in children. Method : The subjects of this study consisted of 196 headache-free children and 107 headache-suffering children. They were 4th-6th graders of an elementary school in T city. The instruments in this study were David's stressor of children, Lazarus & Folkman's Stress Coping Style, PACI(Parent-Adolescent Communication Inventory) by Barnes & Olsen and Kovac's CDI (Children's depression inventory). Data were collected from May 2 to July 16, 2004. Results : Total stress(t=-3.76, p=.035), school stress(t=-3.02, p=.001), mass media stress(t=-1.39, p=.029) and depression(t=7.62, p=.001) in headache-suffering children were significantly higher than those of headache-free children. Problem-oriented coping skills (t=1.23, p=.023), and the score of communication with the mother(t=2.32, p=.012) in headache-suffering children were lower than those of headache-free children. Logistic regression analysis (stepwise) showed that the most powerful predictor was stressors in school, followed by depression, stressors in mass media and communication with the mother. Conclusions: This study revealed that important factors such as the degree of school stress, depression, the degree of mass media stress, communication with the mother and problem-oriented coping skills should be controlled for reducing of headaches in children.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.107-121
• /
• 2008

This study aimed to examine the effects of ego-resilience and social support on parenting stress perceived by mothers of school-aged children. The effects of demographic variables(including school grades of children) on the mothers' parenting stress were also investigated. The main results were as follows. First, ego-resilience of mothers was found to have the greatest predictive power on mothers' parenting stress. The more ego-resilient the mothers were, the less parenting stress was perceived. Second, social support also played an important role in alleviating maternal parenting stress. Emotional support of spouses was particularly effective in reducing mothers' parenting stress. Third, the only demographic variable that influenced mothers' parenting stress was their children's academic achievements. Finally, mothers perceived high parenting stress in relation to their children's school grades, while they perceived relatively less parenting stress concerning their children's temperament or the relationship with their children. The implications of these results were discussed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.23-34
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate factors affecting health behaviors in late school-aged children from multicultural families. Methods: This study included 401 children (112 from multicultural families and 289 from non-multicultural backgrounds) in grades 4~6 in 11 elementary schools. Data on health behaviors and related factors (school adjustment, the mother-child relationship, self-efficacy, etc.) were collected from the children using self-reported questionnaires between May and June in 2019. The collected data were analyzed through a univariate analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: The health behavior score of multicultural children was lower than that of non-multicultural children (t=3.32, p=.001). In multicultural children, school adjustment (β=.55, p<.001), mother-child relationship (β=.25, p=.001), and perceived health status (very healthy=1; β=.19, p=.011) were significant factors affecting their health behavior and explained 47.0% (F=30.93, p<.001) of the variance. Conclusion: Multicultural late school-aged children are at risk to engage in a lower level of health behaviors than their non-multicultural counterparts. More attention should be paid to ways of improving multicultural children's perceptions of their health status, maternal relationships, and school adjustment in order to promote health behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.125-134
• /
• 2006

This study was carried out to confirm the arguments that the role of the parents in sampling blood specimens from their children should be increased to reduce the anxiety and fear of children. The support and confidence of the parents, the reaction of the children and the subsequent action by phlebotomists should help to make an efficient sampling process for children. We randomly selected 50 children and their parents and had them fill out questionnaires before and after phlebotomy. The results were: 1. Detailed explanation by parents made children more active in sampling; 2. Higher confidence levels made parents more active in supporting children and relieving them from pain; 3. Confidence levels were higher in male children than in female children; 4. The confidence levels of parents were higher in parents of children with experience of multiple samplings and the highest level of confidence was observed in parents of children aged 61 to 120 months; 5. Only children showed the highest reaction level and very negative reactions; 6. The reaction of the phlebotomist was positive with children in good moods and negative with ones in bad moods. These results could serve as a basic tool in coping with children in phlebotomy.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 1980

To identify interest of primary school children and find the correlations between their interest and school achievement and emotion. Cluster-sampled 410 primary school children in Seoul were interviewed by the standardized questionnaire and data were analyzed statistically by computer system. 1) High SES has positive influence on school achievement. 2) children in higher SES tend to like more in-door-play or instrumental play. 30 More spending their times with in-door-play or instrumental play, children make better school achievement. 4) There is no significant relationships between the TV watching time and emotional stability. 5) More interest I social, natural science and arithmetic, children make higher achievement in all subjects above average. 6) Children's emotion has no association with school achievement, playing types and TV watching time but has positive association with SES.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.99-118
• /
• 2004

This study examined different individual and environmental factors that affect children's game addiction tendency. As individual variables, game user' motivation, self-control, and self-esteem were included in the analysis. As family variables, communications with mothers, parental control of children's computer use and parental internet use were examined, as school variables, school adjustment and teacher's supervision of children's computer use, and as peer variables, peer group's attitude toward computer games were used. The sample consisted of 994 fifth and sixth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, frequency, percentage, two way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis. First, boys were addicted more than girls. No difference was found in the addiction tendency between the 5th graders and the 6th graders. Second, game users' motivation, that is, their interest-amusement motive, avoidance motive and aggressive motive, had a positive correlation with their game addiction tendency. However, self-control and self-esteem had a negative correlation with children's game addiction tendency. Third, problematic communications with mothers and parental control of children's computer use had a positive correlation with children's game addiction tendency. Open communications with mothers had a negative correlation with children's game addiction tendency. Fourth, school adjusaent had a negative correlation with children's game addiction tendency. And peer group's attitude towards computer games had a positive correlation with children's game addiction tendency. Fifth, low self-control, peer group's attitude towards computer games, children's interest-amusement motive, avoidance motive, aggressive motive, school lesson adjustment, parental control of children's computer use and school nile adjustment were important predicting variables of boy's game addiction tendency. Avoidance motive, low self-control, interest-amusement motive, peer group's attitude towards computer games, and parental control of children's computer use were important predicting variables of girl's game addiction tendency.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.707-716
• /
• 2003

Purpose: This study was to examine estimation variables and predicted probability for school-aged children's school adaptation. Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of 614 children. Data were analyzed by logistic regression using SPSS Windows 11.0. Results: 1. Girls adjusted themselves 1.65 times easier than boys, and 5th-and 6th-graders adjusted themselves slightly easier than 4th-graders. Children with monthly pocket money lower than 10,000 won adjust adjusted 2.92 times easier than those with a larger amount of pocket money, unhealthy children adjusted themselves 2.44 times easier than healthy ones, and children with low academic achievement adjusted themselves 2.68 times easier than those with high academic achievements. 2. As for family economic status, children who thought the economic condition of their family poor adjusted themselves 2.41 times easier than those who thought the economic condition of their family fine. As for conversation with people, children conversing with families and relatives adjusted themselves 2.69 times easier and those conversing with friends and others adjusted themselves 2.71 times easier than those conversing with none. Children from normal families adjusted themselves 3.44 times easier than those from deficiency families. 4. The overall prediction rate was 73.9%. Conclusions: It is concluded that nurses, teachers and parents are important in improving school-aged children's adaptation to school life.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.1-17
• /
• 2011

This study investigated the influence of mother attachment and rejection sensitivity on school-age children's loneliness. The participants were 441 school-age children in Daegu or Gyeongbok Province. The collected data were analyzed by One-way and Two-way ANOVA, and Multiple Regressions, using SPSS PC(15.0 version). The results were as follows. (1) School-age children with a lower level of mother attachment perceived higher level of loneliness than children with a higher level of mother attachment. And school-age children with a higher level of rejection sensitivity perceived higher level of loneliness than children with a lower level of rejection sensitivity. (2) School-age children with a lower level of mother attachment perceived higher level of rejection sensitivity than children with a higher level of mother attachment. (3) The explanation power of rejection sensitivity on school-age children's loneliness was rather higher than mother attachment.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.60 no.4
• /
• pp.507-520
• /
• 2022

The present study identified the effects of parents' work-family conflict on their and partners' co-parenting quality, as well as the mediating roles of co-parenting quality and children's executive function difficulties in linking parents' work-family conflict to their children's school adjustment. This study used data from 387 dual-earner parents and their first-grade elementary school children, who participated in the Panel Study on Korean Children. An actor-partner interdependence and mediation model analysis using structural equation modeling revealed the following findings: first, the actor and partner effects of parents' work-family conflict on co-parenting quality were significant for both fathers and mothers. Second, the effect of the fathers' work-family conflict on their co-parenting quality was found to be greater than that of the mothers' work-family conflict on the fathers' co-parenting quality. Third, fathers' and mothers' work-family conflict, respectively, exerted an indirect effect on their children's school adjustment through the serial mediation by the mothers' co-parenting quality and children's executive function difficulties, whereas the direct effects of fathers' and mothers' work-family conflict on children's school adjustment were not supported. Finally, this study suggests that co-parenting quality and children's executive function should be considered to facilitate children's school adjustment in the parent education of dual-earner families with first-grade elementary school children, and that continuous policy efforts for dual-earner parents' work-family balance are needed.