• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.140-149
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to identify factors (biological, psychological, interpersonal, and contextual factors) associated with the weight bias internalization of the Korean girls in early adolescence. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Data was collected from 233 girls aged 12~14 years with a self-reported questionnaire. With multiple regression analysis, the factors associated with the weight bias internalization of the girls in early adolescence were analyzed. Results: Of psychosocial factors, fear to fat (anti-fat attitude) (β=.43, p<.001) was associated with the weight bias internalization of the girls in early adolescence. In addition, attachment with teachers (β=-.11, p=.029) of an interpersonal factor and perceived socio-cultural pressure regarding weight control (β=.34, p<.001) of a contextual factor were associated with the weight bias internalization of the girls in early adolescence. Conclusion: For releasing the weight bias internalization of the girls in early adolescence, decreasing anti-fat attitude and socio-cultural pressure regarding weight control should be primarily required through social efforts including community and school based interventions.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2000

Objectives : To assess the prevalence rate of dyslipidemia and the level of related factors in adolescents groups in Seoul and Yangpyong area. Methods : Design; School based survey during May-Jun 1996 in Seoul and Yangpyong county. Subject; 2,453 boys and girls, aged 13 to 19 years; 1,137 Seoul and 1,316 Yangpyong county. Main Outcome Measures; Prevalence rates of raised serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, decreased HDL-cholesterol, obesity, and levels of energy intake and expenditure Results : Energy intake and fat intake of boys were higher than those of girls and they were higher in Seoul. Energy expenditure per day of boys was bigger than that of gins too. Prevalence rate of obesity was higher in boys of Seoul(15.2%) and girls in Yangpyong county(14.0%). Serum lipid profiles(total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol) were higher among girls and all prevalence rates of dyslipidemia were higher in boys in Seoul and in girls in Yangpyong county. Especially, girls(29.1%) in Yangpyong had raised serum cholesterol level$(\geq170\;mg/dl)$. In contrast, boys in Seoul had higher level of decreased HDL-cholesterol(46.8%) compared to Yangpyong(23.6%). The relationships between serum lipid profiles and relative weights and sex are highly significant. And the relationship between triglycerides and energy intake is significant(p=0.038). But, the associations between serum lipid profiles and energy expenditure had borderline significances Conclusions : Hypercholesterolemia rates in girls were higher. Obesity prevalence rate was highest in boys of Seoul. Relative weight and sex are significantly related to lipid profiles. Therefore, Korea is in need of preventive strategies for different obesity and gender groups.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.331-348
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to obtain basic data for nutrition education of the children in a health promoting elementry school. The data was collected by a questionaire of food habits, and anthropometric measurement and biochemical test in comparison with obesity index. The study subjects were boys and girls aged 10 to 12 years who participated in the “99 Children Nutrition Camp”. The average obesity index was 1.7$\pm$21.6% in boys and -11.4$\pm$12.6% in girls. After school, major leisure items were significnatly different by gender but both boys and girls played mainly computer game. In concern for body image and eating habits, girls had more concern and girls had attempted weight control more than boys. 80.2% of subjects had prejudice for special food, especially, all subjects in the severely underweight group had prejudice. But this tendency was significantly decreased with the increasing obesity index. The lowest preferency was for vegetables(64.4%). The tendency of prejudice of subjects was higher whose mother are thirties than those of subjects whose mother are in fourties. The serum GOT and GPT values were significantly higher in overweight and obese group than the other groups. The only serum T-chol was significantly higher in boys than in girls. The number of risk factors related to coronary heart disease(CHD) based on coresponding criteria of TG, T-chol, HDL-chol, and LDL-chol was not increased significantly with the degree of obesity index. The results indicated the need of nutritional management for the children. At a point of view, to educate children early who are able to change food habits and life-styles means to help heathy growth and to deliver up heathy adults. Active nutrition education for both children and mothers will be recommended with joint participation of nutritionists in community public health center and elementary school.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.593-602
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• 1993

As part of the Nutrition CRSP Mexico project conducted in rural villages in highland Mexico, this study examined whether nutritional factors, family characteristics, and the duration of schooling were associated with cognitive performances in 107 schoolers(53 boys and 54 girls) aged 8~10. Food intake was measured by recall, direct observation and weighment twice monthly over the course of a year. Families were characterized in terms of socioeconomic status and parental cognitive performance, education and aspiration. Dietary quality, but not energy intake, and anthropometry (wt-for-age, ht-for-age, head circumference) were significantly associated with cognitive test results for both verbal and performance measures. When the effect of SES is controlled using partial correlation, the relationships were substantially weakened. Sex differences were also found in response to nutritional deprivation. Among boys, dietary quality was the most important indicator of cognitive performance, while household economic conditions were more importantly associated with cognitive performance among girls. Participation in schooling was important for cognitive skille as it related to nutritional status.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.270-284
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• 2014

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of lifestyle factors in metabolic syndrome among adolescents. The metabolic syndrome has been reported as a cause of various chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes in adolescents. Method: This study is a cross-sectional study on 1,931 adolescents (1,011 boys and 920 girls) aged 12-19 years from the Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, $x^2$-test, and logistic regression in consideration of strata, cluster, and weight as national data. Result: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adolescents aged 12-19 years was 4.3% (Boys, 5.4%; Girls, 3.1%). Among lifestyle factors, BMI had significants influences on the metabolic syndrome risk, but other variables did not. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that further research is necessary on the effect of lifestyle factors in metabolic syndrome and that school health nurses should focus on implementation of effective programs for promotion of activity and healthy foods for prevention and intervention of metabolic syndrome.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.123-140
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to verify preschool children can be classified of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) children across situation. It also was to examine differences among groups according to sex and age, and to investigate the family caracterisitcs of ADHD groups. The subjects of this study consisted of 228 preschool chilren (147 boys and 136 girls aged from 3- to 7- year-old) drawn from five Child Care Centers in Chung-Ju. Data were analyzed by the frequency, percentages, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficient, ${\chi}^2$-test, F-test, Tukey post-hoc test, and Pearson correlation using SAS program. The results were as follows: 1. Preschool children could be classified by four diagnostic groups across situation; (1) 168 children (59%) of the control group (no disorder of ADHD), (2) 49 children (17%) of ADHD-Home group (ADHD only at home), (3) 43 children (15%) of ADHD-School group (ADHD only at school), and (4) 23 children (8%) of ADHD-PH group (ADHD both at home and at school). Ratings by parents and by teachers correlated very low with each other, as in previous studies. These results confirm the findings that ADHD be classified across situation. 2. There were significant differences among four groups according to sex and age. In the ADHD-PH groups, the boys is 3 times higher than the girls and the children aged 6- to 7-year-old was shown highly distributed in the pervasive ADHD.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.367-377
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• 2017

Purpose: This descriptive research study aims to investigate influential factors on human papillomavirus vaccines, among parents who have elementary school daughters. Methods: This study was conducted with 210 parents whose children are elementary school girls, aged 9 to 12 years, in G Metropolitan City. Data were collected from August 17 to September 12, 2015 using structured questionnaires. A descriptive statistical analysis, a t-test, a ${\chi}^2-test$, a Fisher's exact test, and a logistic regression using SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results: The influential factors on the human papillomavirus vaccination intention were confirmed to be three variables: cervical cancer knowledge, perceived sensitivity, and perceived barriers. Conclusion: An intervention program, both to increase the sensitivity of vaccination and to decrease barriers, should be developed so as to improve parents' health beliefs towards human papillomavirus vaccination.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.460-469
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• 2019

Purpose: The ${\beta}3-adrenergic$ receptor (ADRB3) is expressed in visceral adipose tissue and has been speculated to contribute to lipolysis, energy metabolism, and regulation of the metabolic rate. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of polymorphism of the ADRB3 gene with the sex of children with obesity and related pathologies. Methods: ADRB3 gene trp64arg genotyping was conducted in 441 children aged 6-18 years. Among these subjects, 264 were obese (103 boys; 161 girls) and 179 were of normal weight (81 boys; 98 girls). In the obese group, fasting lipids, glucose and insulin levels, and blood pressure were measured. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was defined according to the modified World Health Organization criteria adapted for children. Results: The frequency of trp64arg genotype was similar in obese and normal weight children. In obese children, serum lipid, glucose, and insulin levels; homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores; and MS were not different between arg allele carriers (trp64arg) and noncarriers (trp64trp). In 264 obese children, genetic analysis results revealed that the arg allele carriers were significantly higher in girls than in boys (p=0.001). In the normal weight group, no statistically significant difference was found between genotypes of boys and girls (p=0.771). Conclusion: Trp64arg polymorphism of the ADRB3 gene was not associated with obesity and MS in Turkish children and adolescents. Although no relationships were observed between the genotypes and lipids, glucose/insulin levels, or HOMA-IR, the presence of trp64arg variant was frequent in obese girls, which can lead to weight gain as well as difficulty in losing weight in women.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parents' conflict and child-rearing and school-aged children's depression in low income family and non-low income family. The subjects were 357 school-aged children who attended elementary school and who were 5th 176(49.3%) and 6th grade 181(50.7%)(boys were 206(57.7%), girls 151(42.3%)). The data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson's correlation, simple regression, enter regression(using SPSS 12.1). Major findings were as follows: (1) Parents' conflict was significantly associated with children's depression in low income and non-low income family. (2) Parents' conflict was significantly associated with parents' child-rearing in low income and non-low income family. (3) Parents' conflict partially exerted indirect effect on children's depression, controlled by parents' child-rearing in low income and non-low income family. The effect of parents' child-rearing as mediation was higher in low-income family than in non-low income family.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.366-372
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was conducted to assess the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors (serum lipid profiles, BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar) and evaluate the risk profile of CVD by the clustering of the cardiovascular risk factors in school-aged children in the Kyoung-Gi area. Methods : The study sample consists of 208 11 year-old children (51.4% boys, 48.6% girls) who participated in a cross-sectional screening of cardiovascular risk factors. We surveyed their socio-demographic characteristics, measured the anthropometric variables and analyzed the biochemical markers. Results : Of the cardiovascular risk factors, the percentage risk of the BMI, dyslipidememia and hypertension were highest. The prevalence rates of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in girls was higher than in boys. Also, the associations of the BMI, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were highly significant. In addition, the proportion of subjects with 1, 2, 3 and 4 or more risk factors were 29.3, 12.5, 2.9 and 1.9%, respectively; therefore, a total of 97 subjects (46.6%) had at least one more risk factor. Conclusions : From these findings, we concluded that the rates of hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular risk groups and obesity prevalence of these groups were relatively high. These data provide further evidence that the early intervention for cardiovascular health prevention and promotion in school-aged children is necessary at the population level.