Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in School-aged Children |
Yun, E-Hwa
(School of Nursing, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill)
An, Ji-Yeon (Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) Lee, Bong-Suk (Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) Tak, Young-Ran (Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Hanyang University) |
1 | Beaglehole R, Magnus P. The search for new factors for coronary heart disease: occupational therapy for epidemiologists?. Int J Epidemiol 2002; 31: 1117-1122 DOI ScienceOn |
2 | Sim SJ, Chun KS, Park HS. The relation of serum lipid profiles to overweight among children in Gangneung area. J Korean Acad Obesity 2003; 12: 146-153 (Korean) |
3 | Daniels SR, Khoury PR, Morrison JA. The utility of body mass index as a measure of body fatness in children and adolescents: differences by race and gender. Pediatrics 1997; 99: 804-807 DOI ScienceOn |
4 | Strong JP, Malcom GT, McMahan CA, Tracy RE, Newman WP, Herderick EE, Cornhill JF. Prevalence and extent of atherosclerosis in adolescents and young adults. JAMA 1999; 281: 727-735 DOI ScienceOn |
5 | Vos LE, Oren A, Uiterwaal C, Gorissen WHM, Grobbee DE, Bots ML. Adolescent blood pressure and blood pressure tracking into young adulthood are related to subclinical atherosclerosis: The atherosclerosis risk in young adults(ARYA) study. Am J Hypertens 2003; 16: 549-555 DOI ScienceOn |
6 | Denke MA, Sempos CT, Grundy SM. Excess body weight: an under-recognized contributor to dyslipidemia in white American women. Arch Intern Med 1994; 154: 401-410 DOI ScienceOn |
7 | Addor V, Wietlisbach V, Narring F, Michaud P. Cardiovascular risk factor profiles and their social gradient from adolescence to age 74 in a Swiss region. Prev Med 2003; 36: 217-228 DOI ScienceOn |
8 | Kang YJ, Kim MY. Factors related with the lipid profiles in school children. J Korean Acad Fam Med 1995; 16(10): 692-704 (Korean) |
9 | National heart, lung, and blood institute(NHLB I). Third report of the national cholesterol education program(NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults(Adult Treatment Panel III). available from: URL : http://www.n hlbi,nih.gov/chd |
10 | Korean Institute for Health and Social Affairs. 2001 National Health and Nutrition Survey. available from : URL: http://www.kihasa.re.kr/html/english03_01_01.jsp |
11 | Gillman MW, Cupples LA, Moore LL, Ellison RC. Impact of within-person variability on identifying children with hypercholesterolemia: Framingham children's study. J Pediatr 1992; 121: 342-347 DOI PUBMED |
12 | Webber LS, Osganian SK, Feldman HA, Wu M, McKenzie TL, Nichaman M, Lytle LA, Edmundson E, Cutler J, Nader PR, Luepker RV. Cardiovascular risk factors among children after a 2-year intervention-The CATCH study. Prev Med 1996; 25: 432-441 DOI ScienceOn |
13 | Sowers JR. Obesity as a cardiovascular risk factor. Am J Med 2003; 115(8A) :37-41 DOI ScienceOn |
14 | McCrindle BW. Cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents: relevance, detection, and intervention. Adolesc Med 2001; 12: 147-162 |
15 | Webber LS, Srinivasan SR, Wattigney WA, Berenson GS. Tracking of serum lipids and lipoproteins from childhood to adulthood. The Bogalusa heart study. Am J Epidemiol 1991; 133: 884-899 PUBMED |
16 | Working Group on Management of Patients with Hypertension and High Blood Cholesterol. National education programs working group report on the management of hypertension and high blood cholesterol. Ann Intern Med 1991; 114: 224-237 DOI PUBMED ScienceOn |
17 | Genest J. Lipoprotein disorders and cardiovascul ar risk. J Inherit Metab Dis 2003; 26: 267-287 DOI ScienceOn |
18 | Twisk JW, Kemper HC, Mellenbergh GJ. Longitudinal development of lipoprotein levels in males and females aged 12-28 years : The Amsterdam growth and health study. Int J Epidemiol 1995; 24: 69-77 DOI ScienceOn |
19 | Hong YM, Moon KR, Seo JW, Sim JG, Yoo KW, Jeong BJ, Choe YH. National wide study on body mass index, skinfold thickness, and arm circumference in Korean Children. J Korean Pediatr Soc 1999; 42(9): 1186-1206 (Korean) |
20 | National cholesterol education program. Report of the expert panel on blood cholesterol levels in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 1992; 89(3): 537-541 |
21 | Anderson LB, Wedderkopp N, Hansen HS, Cooper AR, Froberg K. Biological cardiovascul ar risk factors cluster in Danish children and adolescents : The European youth heart study. Prev Med 2003; 37: 363-369 DOI ScienceOn |
22 | American Academy of Pediatrics: National Cholesterol Education Program: Report of the expert panel on blood cholesterol levels in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 1992; 89: 525-584 |
23 | Freedman DS, William HD, Srinivasan SR, Bereson GS. The relation of overweight to cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents: The Bogalusa heart study. Pediatrics 1999; 103(6): 1175-1182 DOI PUBMED ScienceOn |
24 | Schulpis K, Karikas, G. Serum cholesterol and triglyceride distribution in 7767 school-aged Greek children. Pediatrics 1998; 101(5): 861- 864 DOI ScienceOn |
25 | Berenson GS, Srinivasan SR, Bao W, Newman WP, Tracy RE, Wattigney WA. Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 1650- 1656 DOI ScienceOn |
26 | Gonzalez-Requejo A, Sanchez-Bayle M, Ruiz- Jarabo C, Asensio-Anton J, Pelaez MJ, Morales JT, Anton-Pacheco E, Fernandez- Calle M, Medera-Cruz E. Lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of 6- year-old children. The Rivas-Vaciamadrid study. Eur J Pediatr 2003; 162: 572-575 DOI ScienceOn |
27 | Kelder SH, Osganian SK, Feldman HA, Webber LS, Parce GS, Leupker RV, Wu MC, Nader PR. Tracking of physical and physiological risk variables among ethic subgroups from third to eight grade: The child and adolescent trial for cardiovascular health cohort study. Prev Med 2002; 34: 324-333 DOI ScienceOn |
28 | Korea National Statistical Office. Annual report on the cause of death statistics 2000. available from: URL : http://www.nso.go.kr/newnso/standard/disease/dis_search.html |
29 | Glowinska B, Urban M, Koput A. Cardiovascu lar risk factors in children with obesity, hypertension and diabetes: Lipoprotein(a) levels and body mass index correlate with family history of cardiovascular disease. Eur J Pediatr 2002; 161: 511-518 DOI ScienceOn |
30 | A Working Group Report from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program : National high blood pressure education program working group on hypertention. Pediatrics 1996; 123: 871-886 DOI ScienceOn |
31 | Fang J, Wylie-Rosett J, Cohen HW, Kaplan RC, Alderman MH. Exercise, body mass index, Caloric intake, and cardiovascular mortality. Am J Prev Med 2003; 25(4): 283- 289 DOI ScienceOn |
32 | Berenson GS. Childhood risk factors predict adult risk associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease : The Bogalusa heart study. Am J Cardiol 2002; 90(suppl): 3L-7L |
33 | Chen W, Srinivasan SR, Li S, Xu J, Berenson GS. Metabolic syndrome variables at low levels in childhood are beneficially associated with adulthood cardiovascular risk. Diabetes Care 2005; 28: 126-131 DOI ScienceOn |
34 | Galobardes B, Costanza MC, Bernstein MD, Delhumeau CH, Morabia A. Trends in risk factors for the major 'lifestyle-related disease' in Geneva, Switzerland, 1993-2000. Ann Epidemiol 2003; 13(7): 537-54 |
35 | Valente AM, Newberger JW, Lauer RM. Hyperlipidemia in children and adolescents. Am Heart J 2001; 142(3): 433-439 DOI ScienceOn |
36 | Stone NJ. Primary prevention of coronary disease. Clin Cornerstone 1998; 1(1): 31-49 DOI PUBMED ScienceOn |
37 | Porkka KV, Viikari JS, Taimela S, Dahl M, Akerblom HK. Tracking and predictiveness of serum lipid and lipoprotein measurements in childhood : A 12 year follow-up. The cardiovasc ular risk in young finns study. Am J Epidemiol 1994; 140: 1096-1110 PUBMED |
38 | Berenson GS, Wattigney WA, Tracy RE, Newman WP, Srinivasan SR, Webber LS, Dalferes ER, Strong JP. Atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries and cardiovascular risk factors in persons aged 6 to 30 years and studied at necropsy(The Bogalusa study). Am J Cardiol 1992; 70: 851-858 DOI ScienceOn |
39 | Nam CM, Kim DH, Kim HC, Lee KH, Jee SH, Suh I. Timing of menarche and physical growth during childhood and adolescence. Korean J Prev Med 2000; 33: 521-529 (Korean) |
40 | Dirisamer A, Widhalm K. Lipoprotein(a) as a potent risk indicator for early cardiovascular disease. Acta Pediatr 2002; 91: 1313-1317 DOI ScienceOn |
41 | Bereson GS, Srinivasan S. Cholesterol as a risk factor for early atherosclerosis: the Bogalusa heart study. Prog Pediatr Cardiol 2003; 17: 113-122 DOI ScienceOn |
42 | Story M, Stevens J, Himes J, Stone E, Rock BH, Ethelbah B, Davis S. Obesity in American -Indian children : prevalence, consequences, and prevention. Prev Med 2003; 37: S3-S12 DOI ScienceOn |