• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1998

Vegetation of golf courses and local difference of feeding host plants of brown chafer, Adoretus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) were investigated in golf courses. Yongwon country club in Chinhae and Tongdo country club in Yangsan Gyeongnarn, Dongrae Benest golf club in Kumjeunggu Pusan and Daegu country club in Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk province from 1995 to 1997. Vegetation and species of feeding host plant were different depending on observed place. Damaged rate of host plants were concerned with ornamental trees and natural growing host plants, and Oenothera odorata, Achyranthes japonica, Aralia elata, Viburnum awabuki, Chenapadium album var. cent rorubrum, Cornus officinalis, and Rhododendron mucronulatum were newly recorded as host plant of A. tenuimaculatus in this study. Thus, host plants of A. tenuimaculatus were 193 kinds in 48 families. Key words: Brown chafer, Adoretus tenuimaculatus, host plant, vegetation, insect-plant interaction, biological control, golf courses.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

Exosomes are homogenous vesicles of 40-100 nm diameter produced endogenously. Exosomes are generated by inward budding into multi-vesicular bodies (MVB) and then released to extracellular space. Exosomes contain various nucleic acid and protein cargoes from their cells of origin and this endosomal cellular molecules are used for intracellular communication and for both promotion and suppression of immune responses. Recently, they are also considered as delivery vehicle for therapeutic proteins due to their characteristics of stability in body fluids and ability for target uptake. Also, they show less immune reactivity because the isolated exosome harboring therapeutic proteins can be from the same host. White-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis is one of the major insect commercially reared in Korea. There are bacterial and fungal pathogens causing diseases in the beetle, and these diseases incur economic loss to the larva-rearing farms. Due to their endosomal cargoes, exosomes are good candidates in use of disease diagnosis. In this study, we isolated insect exosome from the hemolymph of P. brevitarsis, and verified it by analysis of the exosome-specific surface proteins and RNA.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.64-74
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• 2015

Beetles Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis Kolbe (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) and Allomyrina dichotoma Linn. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) are widely used in traditional medicine, and the number of insect-rearing farms is increasing in South Korea. The purpose of this study was to establish a multiplex PCR-based assay for rapid simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens causing insect diseases. Six insect parasites such as fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae), bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaceae), Pseudomonas aeruginosa Migula (Pseudomonadales: Pseudomonadaceae), and Serratia marcescens Bizio (Enterobacteriales: Enterobacteriaceae), and Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus were chosen based on the severity and incidence rate of insect diseases in South Korea. Pathogen-specific primers were designed and successfully applied for simultaneous detection of multiple infectious agents in farm-bred insects P. b. seulensis and A. dichotoma using multiplex PCR and high resolution capillary electrophoresis. Our results indicate that multiplex PCR is an effective and time-saving method for simultaneous detection of multiple infections in insects, and the QIAxcel capillary electrophoresis system is useful for quantitative evaluation of the individual impact of each infectious agent on the severity of insect disease. The approach designed in this study can be utilized for rapid and accurate diagnostics of infection in insect farms.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2012

In reared populations of Allomyrina dichotoma, commercial insects, the skin of last instar larvae was changed softer with opaque white, and infested grubs eventually died. To clarify the cause of the symptom, we collected the larvae of A. dichotoma from five farms and examined their intestinal bacterial florae using pyrosequencing technique. From those results, a member of Paenibacillus was found only in the larvae showing the symptom of disease. Through PCR analysis using a Paenibacillus specific primer set, we obtained the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence and confirmed the microbe as Paenibacillus sp. For clear identification, a whole guts was extracted from each larva showing the sign of the disease and incubated at $70^{\circ}C$ for 15 min to isolate spore forming bacteria. After then, each content of guts was cultured on $MYPGP_{NAL}$ agar medium($12.5{\mu}g/ml$ of nalidixic acid) at $30^{\circ}C$. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis for the isolated bacteria showed that they were closely related to P. rigui(97.9% similarity), to P. chinjuensis(96.1% similarity), and to P. soli(95.3% similarity). Additional tests including API test and cellular fatty acid composition analysis were performed, but the strain couldn't be identified at species level, suggesting it may represent novel species of the genus Paenibacillus.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2017

남한산 큰자색호랑꽃무지는 그 동안 일본에 분포하는 Osmoderma opicum으로 동정되어 왔으며, 국내에서는 그 희귀성에 의해 멸종위기종으로 다루어지고 있지만, 남한 개체군에 대한 면밀한 종의 실체에 대한 구명은 없었다. 이에 대해, 남한산 큰자색호랑꽃무지와 유라시안 근연종에 대해 형태 및 COI유전자 염기서열을 비교를 실시하였다. 결과적으로, 남한산 개체군은 형태적으로 극동러시아에 분포하는 O. caeleste와 동일하였다. 따라서, 남한산 큰자색호랑꽃무지는 O. caeleste임을 제안한다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2002

우리나라 골프장 잔디에 가장 심한 피해를 주는 풍뎅이류의 하나인 등얼룩풍뎅이의 골프장 환경에 적합한 표본추출 방법을 개발하기 위하여 동래베네스트 골프장에서 수행한 연구결과는 다음과 같았다. 303$\pm$32마리/m$^2$의 밀도를 보이는 등얼룩풍뎅이 유충 피해지에서 표본의 크기와 추출 횟수별에 따른 실측치와의 차이를 조사하였다. 5$\times$5cm와 10$\times$10cm, 20$\times$20cm, 30$\times$30cm, 40$\times$40cm의 표본 크기를 횟수를 달리하여 실제값과의 차이를 비교한 바 표본의 크기가 커질수록, 횟수를 많이 할수록 오차가 줄어들었다. 20$\times$20cm의 표본 크기에서 4반복 이상 표본 추출을 할 경우 95% 이상의 정확성을 보였다. 골프장에서 등얼룩풍뎅이 유충 밀도는 조사년도와 코스 부분(티, 페어웨이, 러프, 그린)에 따라 차이를 보였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2009

Dung beetles (family Scarabaeidae) are one of the largest families of beetles worldwide. Due to biological behavior of these arthropods, they are considered to play an important role in the life cycle of some helminths. In the present study, dung beetles collected from cattle pastures in rural areas of Ardabil province, north-west of Iran were examined for infection with larval stages of helminths. According to the results, nematodes of 2 genera were identified including Rhabditis and Gongylonema. The more common species was Rhabditis sp. which was found in 9 species of beetles. Out of 15 different species of dung beetles, Copris lunaris was the only scarabaeid to be found naturally infected with the larval stages of Gongylonema sp. Our new findings introduce C. lunaris as a potential biological vector for transmission of Gongylonema sp. to vertebrates in the surveyed region.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.425-429
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• 2021

INS-1 췌장 β 세포에서 Allomyrina dichotoma 혈림프 처리에 의한 early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) 유전자 발현을 조사되었다. 이 연구에서 새로운 발견은 EGR1 유전자 발현을 A. dichotoma 혈림프의 용량 및 시간 의존적으로 상향 조절하는것과 혈림프와 병행한 저체온효과 또는 소포체(endoplasmic reticulum, ER) 스트레스에 의해서도 유전자 발현이 상승하였다. A. dichotoma 혈림프가 EGR1의 유전자발현을 상승 조절을 할 수 있기 때문에, EGR1 관련 질병 치료 및 예방의 실마리를 제공 할 수 있을 가능성을 시사한다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.22-29
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• 2006

1. Objectives and Methods The original insect of $Q\'{\i}C\'{a}o$ is described as the larvae of Holotrichia diomphalia Bates (Scarabaeidae) in oriental medicine literatures. Traditionally $Q\'{\i}C\'{a}o$ inhabit on rotting wood, compost, and organic debris of soil or thatched roofs. They have the very important distinguishing mark that wriggle along on their back through rotting wood, compost etc. and they never do inflict the living crops. but, Holotrichia diomphalia Bates as the $Q\'{\i}C\'{a}o$ is not right because of many questions, such as Holotrichia are the harmful insects eat into farm products, and those don't match well with korean farmers' moods if their cultivated lands are turned over for collecting $Q\'{\i}C\'{a}o$ larvae, and especially they don't go on using their back. 2. Results and Conclusions Accordingly, in the conclusion of this subject it is reported that the original insect of $Q\'{\i}C\'{a}o$ is the larvae of Korean Cetoniidae(Coleoptera; Scarabaeoidea) insects including Genus Protaetia Burmeister(Protaetia orientalis submarmorea Burmeister, P.brevitarsis seulensis Kolbe, etc.) and the larvae of Korean Cetoniinae insects. Also, those were the original larvae of $Q\'{\i}C\'{a}o$ that were applied to not only 'DongEuiBoGam' but also 'Dongyi Suse Bowon prescriptions'. Those feed on rotting wood, compost, and organic debris of soil or thatched roofs.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2001

골프장 주요 해충인 주황긴다리풍뎅이 (Ectinohoplia rufipes)성충의 기주식물을 실내와 골프장 현지조사를 통하여 알아본 결과, 실내에서는 41科 101種 제공 식물 중 27科 61種을 ,골프장에서는 8科 27種 식물을 식해하는 것이 관찰됨으로서 총 29科 84種 으로 기록되었다. 수종 별 피해도를 골프장에서 조사한 결과, 골프장에 따라 가해하는 수종이나 피해 도에서 차이가 있었 고, 사방오리나무와 벚나무, 은목서, 아그배나무에서 피해도가 높았다 사방오리나무와 벚나무, 은목 서 잎을 이용한 실내에서의 선호성 비교에서는 사방오리나무에서의 피해엽율이 58.1%로 가장 높 았다. 주황긴다리풍뎅이 성충의 유인율은 피해를 받은 사방오리나무의 잎에서는 45.3%, 인위적으 로 상처를 낸 잎에서는 26.5%, 주황긴다리풍뎅이에 대한 노출이 전혀 없었던 무(無)피해 잎에서 는 4.0%, 주황긴다리풍뎅이는 있었으나 피해가 없었던 비(非)피해 잎에서는 12.9%로 피해엽에 많이 유인 되었다. 한편, 무피해 잎과 주황긴다리풍뎅이의 피해를 받은 잎, 무 피해 잎에 주황긴다리풍뎅이 성충의 배설물을 처리한 잎에 대한 피해엽율을 조사한 결과 각각 30.5%, 67.5%, 2.0%로서 이미 피해를 받은 잎에 대한 선호성이 뚜렷하였다.