• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.236-238
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• 2018

This study investigated the characteristics of different cultivars of Lentinula edodes in sawdust culture at different cultivation days. Between cultivation days 30-120, the color of 'Sanjo701ho' displayed a reduction in L value (brightness) from $83.8{\pm}2.5$ to $45.7{\pm}2.3$, values a and b increased, but hardness decreased from $9.4{\pm}0.9g/mm$ to $2.6{\pm}0.2g/mm$. Between cultivation days 30-120, 'Nongjingo' displayed a reduction in L value from $86.2{\pm}2.1$ to $53.4{\pm}1.3$. Values a and b increased with longer cultivation; however, hardness decreased from $4.8{\pm}0.7g/mm$ on day 30 to $3.8{\pm}1.0g/mm$ on day 120. 'Sanjo701ho' was first harvested at 46 days after a 30-, 89 days after a 60-, 8 days after a 90- (the shortest), and 9 days after a 120-day cultivation. The average fruit body weight was the highest on day 90 of cultivation, at 48.3 g, when the diameter and thickness of the mushroom cap also appeared highest. However, the colorimetric results showed that fruiting bodies produced in the culture medium for 120 cultivation days showed the most excellent commercial properties. 'Nongjingo' was first harvested at 22 days after a 30-, 18 days after a 60-, 8 days after a 90- (the shortest), and 9 days after a 120-day cultivation. Therefore, this study determined that a stable quantity of mushrooms with high commerciality can be produced with 120 cultivation days, considering the shiitake culture and the characteristics of the fruit body.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2006

Attempts were made to investigate the physiological and genetic changes when two different shiitake (Lentinula edodes) strains are mixed. Mycelial growth of KFRI 180 strain and KFRI 1 strain were investigated 82 mm and 80 mm, respectively. Concerning the weight loss percentage of medium, KFRI 1 strain decreased 2.4% and KFRI 180 strain 1.6%. Plug-shaped spawn had no-problem to incubate and there were no differences among the ratios of mixture. Also, conditions of plug-shaped spawns were similar, When the isolated mycelia from plugshaped spawns was incubated again, KFRI 1 50%-KFRI 180 50% showed decreased growth of mycelia compared with other treatments. The same results were obtained from test tubes filled with sawdust. When surface of spawn bottles were observed, KFRI 1 50%-KFRI 180 50% showed spots, but other treatments were not different from KFRI 1 and KFRI 180. Test was made to confirm the strains by confrontation culture. The mixture of two strains was proved to be KFRI 1 regardless the ratios of mixture. However, by the RAPD primer analysis, when KFRI 1 was mixed with KFRI 180, KFRI 180 was stronger. Thus, the confrontation line on PDA was different from the bands analysis by primers. Attempts were made whether the fruit-bodies were made at the generating condition of spawn bottles. The results were that KFRI 1 100%, KFRI 1 90%-KFRI 180 10%, KFRI 1 80%-KFRI 180 20%, KFRI 1 50%-KFRI 180 50% treatment showed fruit-body formation. The shape of fruit-body was deformed, but the gill was made normally.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 2005

A field survey was conducted to determine the concentration of odor compounds from pig buildings and that were 20 meters within the boundary area. The odor compounds were measured from large, medium and small farms with enclosed and open housing systems and slurry and sawdust manure fermentation treatment methods. Among the odor compounds investigated, ammonia ($NH_3$) had the highest concentration at 0.9 ${\~}$ 21.0 ppm followed by Hydrogen Sulfide($H_2S$) with a wide variation concentration of 51.9 ${\~}$ 6,712.4 pub, Uethylmercaptan($CH_3SH$) with non-detectable (N. D.) ${\~}$ 12.9 ppb, Dimethylsulphide($(CH_3)_2S$), with N. D. ${\~}$ 5.2 ppb and Dimethyldisulphide($(CH_3)_2S_2$) with N. D. ${\~}$ 2.6 ppb. Considering the prevailing wind direction and air velocity ranging from 0.23 to 0.73 m/s within the boundary area, the odorous matters; $NH_3$, $H_2S$, $CH_3SH$, $(CH_3)_2S_2$ and $(CH_3)_2S$ were 0.2${\~}$4.5 ppm, 0.01 ${\~}$0.06 ppb, N. D. ${\~}$0.009ppb, N. D.${\~}$0.002ppb and N. D. for $(CH_3)_2S$ respectively. These findings suggested that the Odor compounds $(CH_3)_2S_2$ had the lower detection in the boundary area whilst $(CH_3)_2S$ had no detection level within a 20-meter distance only. However, with these results odor compounds from pig buildings has to be further investigated under more controlled environmental factors.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.447-453
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• 2019

In this study, the effect of supplying volume and frequency of a nutrient solution consisted with $NO_3-N$ 4.6, $NH_4-N$ 3.4, $PO_4-P$ 3, K 3, Ca 4.6 and Mg $2.2mmol{\cdot}L^{-1}$ on growth and fruit quality of 'Duke' blueberry was investigated. Three years old 'Duke' blueberry bushes cultivated in containers ($60{\times}80{\times}40cm$) filled with 130L peat moss and 40L pearlite (v/v) were selected for the experiment. The growth containers were mulched with sawdust. Two different volumes (4L and 8L) of nutrient solution was tested at three different supplying frequencies (one time, two times, and three times) per week and the drainage quality of nutrient solution and fruit quality of 'Duke' blueberry was evaluated. The optimal drainage rate for the vegetable cultivation is known to be 20-30%. The results revealed that the average drainage rates of 27% and 29% for the nutrient solution supplied in 'Duke' blueberry growth medium at 4L, 2 times/7 days and 4L, 3 times/7days, respectively. The highest shoot diameter (4.2mm) and shoot length (31cm) of 'Duke' blueberry was recorded with the 8L of nutrient solution supplied at 3 times per 7 days. According to the analysis of inorganic components in the drainage of nutrient solution, there was a tendency of absorbing nitrogen at the early stage of growth. The supplying volume and frequency of nutrient solution was not significantly affected on 'Duke' blueberry fruit weight, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity. The highest yield per bush (2.7kg) was recorded for the nutrient solution supplied with 4L at three times per 7 days, while the 4L nutrient solution supplied at one time per 7 days resulted the lowest yield of 1.4kg per bush. Consequently, the tested nutrient solution can be applied for the 'Duke' blueberry bushes with the volume of 4L at three times per week for the better crop growth.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.113-118
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• 2019

Oyster mushrooms are an economically important crop, accounting for 35% of the total mushroom production in Korea. In this study, we developed a new cultivar of Pleurotus ostreatus, known as 'Baekseon,' which is characterized by a white pileus with a white stipe. It was bred by mating monokaryons isolated from white mutant oyster mushrooms that were naturally generated from 'Gonji-7ho' and 'Wonhyeong-1ho' at the Mushroom Research Institute, GARES, Korea in 2018. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar medium was approximately $28-31^{\circ}C$, and the optimum temperatures for primordia formation and growth of fruit bodies on sawdust media were $22^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. The time required for the bottle-cultured mushrooms to complete spawn running, primordia formation, and growth of fruit bodies was 30 days, 4 days, and 4 days, respectively. The fruit bodies were bundle-shaped, the pilei were round type and white, and the stipes were white. The stipes were slender and longer than those of the control ('Miso'). In the productivity test, the yield per bottle was 185 g/1100 mL, which was 45% greater than that of the control ('Miso'). In the farm test, the yield per bottle for Farm A (Pyeongtaek) and Farm B (Yeoju) was 184 g/1100 mL and 178 g/850 mL, respectively. With regard to the physical properties of fruit bodies, the springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and brittleness of stipe tissue were 80%, 57%, 720 g, and 57 kg, respectively. These values were lower than those of the control ('Miso'). To test the shelf life, the fruit bodies were wrapped with antifogging film and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 28 days and then at room temperature for 4 days; such conditions were sufficient for maintaining edibility.