Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
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Effect of Supplying Volume and Frequency of Nutrient Solution on Growth and Fruit Quality of Blueberry

블루베리 양액재배시 공급량 및 공급횟수가 수체생육 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향

  • Cheon, Mi Geon (Researrch and Development Bureau, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Lee, Young Suk (Researrch and Development Bureau, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Chung, Yong Mo (Researrch and Development Bureau, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Hee Dae (Researrch and Development Bureau, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Hong, Kwang Pyo (Researrch and Development Bureau, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research & Extension Services) ;
  • Kumarihami, H.M. Prathibhani C. (Department of Horticulture, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin Gook (Department of Horticulture, Gyeongsang National University)
  • Received : 2019.08.27
  • Accepted : 2019.10.24
  • Published : 2019.10.30
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Abstract

In this study, the effect of supplying volume and frequency of a nutrient solution consisted with $NO_3-N$ 4.6, $NH_4-N$ 3.4, $PO_4-P$ 3, K 3, Ca 4.6 and Mg $2.2mmol{\cdot}L^{-1}$ on growth and fruit quality of 'Duke' blueberry was investigated. Three years old 'Duke' blueberry bushes cultivated in containers ($60{\times}80{\times}40cm$) filled with 130L peat moss and 40L pearlite (v/v) were selected for the experiment. The growth containers were mulched with sawdust. Two different volumes (4L and 8L) of nutrient solution was tested at three different supplying frequencies (one time, two times, and three times) per week and the drainage quality of nutrient solution and fruit quality of 'Duke' blueberry was evaluated. The optimal drainage rate for the vegetable cultivation is known to be 20-30%. The results revealed that the average drainage rates of 27% and 29% for the nutrient solution supplied in 'Duke' blueberry growth medium at 4L, 2 times/7 days and 4L, 3 times/7days, respectively. The highest shoot diameter (4.2mm) and shoot length (31cm) of 'Duke' blueberry was recorded with the 8L of nutrient solution supplied at 3 times per 7 days. According to the analysis of inorganic components in the drainage of nutrient solution, there was a tendency of absorbing nitrogen at the early stage of growth. The supplying volume and frequency of nutrient solution was not significantly affected on 'Duke' blueberry fruit weight, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity. The highest yield per bush (2.7kg) was recorded for the nutrient solution supplied with 4L at three times per 7 days, while the 4L nutrient solution supplied at one time per 7 days resulted the lowest yield of 1.4kg per bush. Consequently, the tested nutrient solution can be applied for the 'Duke' blueberry bushes with the volume of 4L at three times per week for the better crop growth.

블루베리는 호산성 식물로 피트모스를 활용한 상토에서 잘 자라며 관목인 점을 고려하여 용기재배를 많이 하고 있고 또한 고령화에 대비해 생력적으로 생산할 수 있는 재배기술 개발이 요구되고 있다. 본 시험에서는 블루베리 양액재배시 공급량 및 공급횟수가 수체생육과 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 시험방법은 3년생 '듀크' 품종을 대상으로 피트모스와 펄라이트의 용량을 각각 130L, 40L(v/v)로 하여 용기($60{\times}80{\times}40cm$)에 식재하고 톱밥으로 멀칭한 후 2015년과 2016년에 양액 공급량을 4L와 8L로 나누어 4월 중순부터 7월 하순까지 1회, 2회, 3회 공급하여 수체생육 및 과실품질을 조사하였다. 양액은 $NO_3-N$ 4.6, $NH_4-N$ 3.4, $PO_4-P$ 3.3, K3, Ca 4.6, Mg $2.2mmol{\cdot}L^{-1}$를 주당 공급하였다. 채소에서 양액재배시 적정 배액율은 20~30%로 알려져 있는데 본 시험에서 평균 배액량은 4L 2회/7일 처리가 27%, 4L 3회/7일 처리가 29%로 다른 처리에 비해 적당하였다. 블루베리의 생육을 보면, 생육후반 8L/3회/7일 처리에서 신초장은 31cm, 신초경은 4.2mm로 가장 컸지만 질소를 많이 줄수록 도장하는 경향이었다. 배액의 무기성분 함량은 생육초반에 질소를 많이 흡수하는 경향이었고, 처리별 과실특성은 과립중, 가용성 고형물 함량 및 산함량 등은 처리간 유의차가 없었으며, 수량은 4L 3회/7일 처리가 주당 2.7kg으로 가장 많았고, 4L 1회/7일 처리가 1.4kg로 가장 작았다. 따라서 배액량, 수량, 수체 및 과실생육 등을 감안해볼 때 블루베리 양액재배시 조금씩 자주 공급한 처리 즉 4L 3회/7일 처리로 공급하는 것이 적당한 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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