• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2009

Currently, subway is becoming a major part of transportation and living environment in large cities such as Seoul or Hong Kong. As the numbers of subway lines and stations increase, visual cues indicating places are needed for users with various destinations, and environmental colors as well as line colors can be expected as effective informations for easy wayfinding. The purpose of this study is to understand the current color applications in terms of creating regional differentiation and informing subway lines in the transfer stations of Seoul and Hong Kong, by field investigation. The investigation has been proceed on 24 transfer stations from February to April, 2009 by taking photos and measuring environmental colors using Minolta spectrophotometer CM-2600d. As a result, regional differentiation in color application appeared generally low in both Seoul and Hong Kong but various 'hues' differing each station are used in Hong Kong, compared to limited use of 'hues' in Seoul, In terms of 'value', the rate of Seoul appeared lightly higher than that of Hong Kong, and the use of medium high rate of 'saturation' of main and secondary colors are shown as a remarkable character of Hong Kong.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.271-275
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• 1996

Carcinogenic potential of HPV-16 DNA and NNK in a human keratinocyte cell line was assessed to study effects of viral-chemical interaction. Human cells were transfected with HPV-16 DNA and 6 clonal cell lines were subsequently obtained. Clonal line-3 and 6 at passage 7 showed characteristics of tumor cells such as increases of saturation density, soft-agar colony formation, cell aggregation and foci appearance. Among cells treated with 1$\mu M$, 10$\mu M$, 100$\mu M$ or 1 mM of NNK for 4 weeks, 100$\mu M$ treatment showed most tumorigenic characteristics at passage 7. These results indicate that either HPV-16 or NNK alone is tumorigenic in this in human in vitro model. When cells transfected with HPV-16 were subsequently exposed by 100 uM NNK for 4 weeks, all the clonal cells except clone-1 showed higher levels of tumor cell characteristics than HPV-16 DNA or NNK exposure alone. Clonal line-6, the most tumorigenic cells, showed higher transcriptional level of fibronectin and lower level of TGF-$\beta_1$, as compared to control cells, suggesting that alteration of growth factor or extracellular matrix may play a role in carcinogenesis process induced by HPV-16 and NNK. Taken together, the present study indicates that viral-chemical interactions between HPV-16 DNA and NNK enhance carcinogenic potentials of human cells and implies that smoking among people infected with human papillomavirus may pose an additional risk of causing cancer.

• 한국과학예술포럼
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• 제26권
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• pp.179-187
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• 2016

본 연구는 도시소공원 색채환경에 관한 연구로서 사회체육시설 영역을 중심으로 서울과 동경사례를 비교, 분석하여 색채환경 차이를 이해하고 시민건강증진을 위한 도시소공원 사회체육시설 색채계획을 수립하기 위한 자료로 활용하고자 한다. 서울과 동경에 위치한 순환선인 2호선과 야마노테선을 중심으로 인근 지하철역에 위치한 도시소공원을 선정, 분광측색기로 환경색채를 측정하였다. 서울 도시소공원 4곳, 동경의 도시소공원 4곳 총 8곳을 직접방문하여 현장조사를 실시하였으며 도시소공원의 사회체육시설물, 공원시설물, 바닥 포장면으로 구분하여 조사하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 번째 서울과 동경의 도시소공원의 사회체육시설 영역의 환경색채는 전반적으로 Y계열(Y, YR, GY)의 색채의 분포가 높게 나타났다. Y계열 다음으로 서울의 경우 B계열(B, BG, PB), 동경은 R, P계열로 나타나 색상분포가 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 두 번째, 사회체육시설물의 경우, 서울보다 동경이 다양한 색상분포를 보였고, 서울이 명도가 다소 높게 나타나 밝은 색채가 시설물에 적용되었고 동경의 경우 원색에 가까운 고채도의 색채가 적용되고 있었다. 세 번째, 공원시설물 색채는 서울과 동경이 비슷한 명도, 채도값을 나타냈고, 색상분포에서 서울은 Y계열-B계열 순으로 높게 나타나며, 동경은 Y계열-R계열 순으로 높게 나타나고 있다. 바닥포장면의 명도와 채도도 서울과 동경이 비슷하게 나타나지만 색상분포에서 차이를 보였다. 향후, 색채의 생리적, 심리적 반응에 대한 연구결과를 사회체육시설 색채에 적용하는 것이 바람직하다고 사료된다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 complementary 나선형 공진 구조와 인터디지털 구조 기반의 메타물질 전송 선로가 전압 제어 발진기의 위상 잡음을 줄이기 위해서 제안되었다. 이와 같은 메타물질 전송 선로는 접지 면에 식각된 complementary 나선형 공진 구조의 배열과 신호 면의 인터디지털 전송 선로를 적용하여 구현되었다. 신호 면의 인터디지털 전송 선로는 인터디지털 구조가 없는 일반적인 전송 선로보다 더 높은 공진 Q 특성을 얻기 위해서 사용되었다. 제안된 메타물질 전송 선로의 공진 특성과 Q 특성의 고유 포화 특성이 신호 면의 전송 선로의 폭, complementary 나선형 공진 구조의 크기, complementary 나선형 공진 구조 사이의 전류 방향, complementary 나선형 공진 구조의 단위 셀 쌍의 수를 변화시킴으로써, 그리고 인터디지털 구조의 유무에 의해서 분석되어졌다. 제안된 전압 제어 발진기의 위상 잡음과 주파수 조절 범위는 -127.50~-125.33 dBc/Hz @ 100 kHz와 5.744~5.852 GHz이다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.254-261
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• 2005

The over-expression of Bcl-2 has greatly improved the culture period, specific growth rate, and maximum viable cell density of NS0 cells culture under low serum condition. Further analysis of these data suggests that a saturation model of the Monod type can be used to represent the relationships of specific growth rate and initial serum concentration. The ${\mu}_{max}$ and $K_s$ for the Bcl-2 cell line is $0.927day^{-1}\;and\;0.947\%(v/v)$ respectively, which are $21\%$ greate and $7\%$ lower respectively than its control counterpart. Study on the amino acid supplementation revealed that Bcl-2 cell lines possess greater improvement in the specific growth rate and maximum viable cell density compared to the control cell lines. A further increase in the amino acid supplementation has resulted a $17\%$ decrease in specific growth rate and no improvement in maximum viable cell density in the control culture. However, the Bcl-2 cell line exhibited a better growth characteristic in this culture condition compared to that of control cell lines. The higher specific growth rate and maximum viable cell density of the Bcl-2 cell line in medium fortified with serum and MEM EM suggested a more efficient nutrient metabolism compared to that in the control cell line. The low serum and amino acid utilisation rate and the higher cell yield may prove to be important in the development of serum/protein free culture.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 기존에 사용되던 철선 TDR계측선의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 스테인리스 스틸과 열수축튜브를 이용해 개량된 TDR계측선을 개발하여, 함수비에 대한 민감도를 높이고 노이즈를 줄이며 내구성을 향상시켜 TDR시스템의 현장적용성을 높였다. 개량된 TDR계측선을 이용하여 실내에서 포화도 변화실험과 아크릴모형실험을 수행하였으며, 실험결과 별도의 필터링 및 정량화 과정을 거치지 않은 초기 계측 그래프만으로 쉽게 포화, 불포화 및 건조구간을 파악할 수 있었다. 이후 대형 모형제방에 개량된 TDR센서를 설치하여 침투실험을 수행하였으며 그 결과, 실내시험과 같은 명확한 지하수 분포형태 파악이 가능하였으며, 침투 시간경과에 따른 각 구간의 지하수 분포변화를 파악할 수 있었고 손쉽게 모형제방의 침윤선을 작도할 수 있었다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.1901-1903
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• 1999

To investigate invar alloy as a core material for increased capacity over-head transmission line which have high strength and low thermal expansion coefficient, hardness and thermal expansion coefficient of Fe-Ni-Co alloy have been studied. It is necessary that invar alloy have low thermal expansion coefficient and high strength for increased capacity over-head transmission line. In this paper. we tried to find out the effect of Ni and Co which has ferromagnetic properties and high saturation magnetization. It was found that Ni decrease thermal expansion coefficient and hardness, Co decrease thermal expansion coefficient but increase hardness in Fe-xNi-Co system. In Fe-(29-x)Ni-Co system, the material has no low thermal expansion properties substituting Co instead of Ni in concentration range of $1\sim7$%Co.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.111-121
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• 2008

An integrated in-line oil monitoring detector assigned for continuous in situ monitoring multiple parameters of oil performance for predicting economically optimal oil change intervals and equipment condition control is presented in this study. The detector estimates oil deterioration based on the information about chemical degradation, total contamination, water content of oil and oil temperature. The oil oxidation is estimated by "chromatic ratio", total contamination is measured by the changes in optical intensity of oil in three optical wavebands ("Red", "Green" and "Blue") and water content is evaluated as Relative Saturation of oil by water. The detector is able to monitor oils with low light absorption (hydraulic, transformer, turbine, compressor and etc. oils) as well as oils with rather high light absorption in visible waveband (diesel and etc. oils). In a case study that the detector is applied to a diesel engine oil, it is found that the detector provides good results on oil chemical degradation as well as soot concentration.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2005

In this study we report on the estrogen activity of silkworm pupa and herb extracts in vitro. The estrogenic activity of these resources was investigated by competition binding assays with estrogen receptor $\alpha(ER{\alpha})\;or\;ER{\beta}$, and viability of MCF-7 cells, a human breast cancer cell line. Saturation ligand-binding analysis of $ER{\alpha}\;and\;ER{\beta}$ revealed that all plant extracts competed with estrogen ligand for binding to both ER subtypes with a similar preference and degree and competed stronger with ligand for binding to $ER{\beta}\;than\;to\;ER{\alpha}$. The highest $ER{\alpha}-binding$ sample was silkworm pupa aqueous extract The highest $ER{\beta}-binding$ sample was silkworm pupa oil. These samples were further tested for bioactivity based on their ability to regulate cell growth rate in ER(+) breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 cells. Our studies showed that silkworm pupa, soritae, sesame, yam, pueraria, malt, ginseng, Polygonum multiflorum, and Curcuma longa significantly stimulated the growth of MCF-7 cells (P<0.05). In summary, these results suggested that silkworm pupa and herbs might be useful as potential phytoestrogens.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1190-1195
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• 2003

In this paper, it is shown how a robot with n passive trailers can be controlled in backward direction. When driving backward direction, a kinematic model of the system is represented highly nonlinear equations. The problem is formulated as a trajectory following problem, rather than control of independent generalized coordinates. Also, the state and input saturation problems are formulated as a trajectory generation problem. The trajectory is traced by a rear hinge point of the last trailer, and reference trajectories include line segments, circular shapes and rectangular turns. Experimental verifications were carried out with the PSR-2(public service robot $2^{nd}$ version) with three passive trailers. Experimental result showed that the backward motion control can be successfully carried out using the proposed control scheme.