• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1190-1197
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• 2016

The acid response of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BBMN68 has been studied in our previous study. The fab gene, which is supposed to be involved in membrane fatty acid biosynthesis, was demonstrated to be induced in acid response. In order to investigate the relationship between acid response and cell membrane fatty acid composition, the acid adaptation of BBMN68 was assessed and the membrane fatty acid composition at different adaptation conditions was identified. Indeed, the fatty acid composition was influenced by acid adaptation. Our results showed that the effective acid adaptations were accompanied with decrease in the unsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratio (UFA/SFA) and increase in cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) content, which corresponded to previous studies. Moreover, both effective and non-effective acid adaptation conditions resulted in decrease in the C_18:1 cis-9/C_18:1 trans-9 ratio, indicating that the C_18:1 cis-9/C_18:1 trans-9 ratio is associated with acid tolerance response but not with acid adaptation response. Taken together, this study indicated that the UFA/SFA and CFA content of BBMN68 were involved in acid adaptation and the C_18:1 cis-9/C_18:1 trans-9 ratio was involved in acid tolerance response.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.124-130
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• 1992

$\alpha$ -lino1enic acid를 약60%함유하는 들깨유와 1ino1eic acid를 약 64% 함유하는 고추종자유를 비율별로 흰쥐에게 혼합급이하였을 때 혈청 및 혈소판에 미치는 지방산 조성에 관하여 분석 검토한 바, 혈청 지질의 총 지방산 조성은 SFA가 30.6%~34.9% 범위로 각 실험군간에 큰 차이가 없었으며, MUFA는 14.4%~17.0% 범위이며, PUFA는 48.0%~53.0% 범위로 총지방산의 약50%를 차지하였다. 혈청중 인지질, 중성지질 및 콜레스테롤 에스테르의 다불포화지방산 조성중 $C_{l8 : 2}$ ($\omega$-6)는 콜레스테를 에스테르 성분에서 인지질, 중성지질성분보다 함유비율이 약간 많았고, $C_{20 : 4}$ ($\omega$-6)는 각 성분간의 함량 차이는 크지 않았고, 각 성분에 있어 $C_{l8 : 2}$ ($\omega$-6)나 $C_{20 : 4}$ ($\omega$-6) 모두 시험유지의 $\omega$-3PUFA/$\omega$-6PUFA 비율이 낮아질수록 증가되는 경향을 나타내었다. $C_{l8 : 3}$ ($\omega$-3)은 각 지질성분 모두 $C_{20 : 4}$ ($\omega$-3) 및 $C_{20 : 5}$ ($\omega$-3)보다 함유 비율이 높았다. 혈소판의 지방산 조성은 SFA는 2군(7.5% 들깨유＋12.5% 고추종자유), 3군 (5.0% 들깨유＋5.0% 고추종자유)에서 낮았고, 5군(10.0% 고추종자유)에서 가장 높았으며 MUFA는 3군이 가장 높고 5군이 가장 낮았다. 한편, PUFA는 2군에서 가장 낮았고 EPA/AA비는 2군이 가장 높았으며 5군에서 가장 낮았다.낮았다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.1315-1323
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• 1998

Effect of oral taurine supplementation on plasma total and phospholidpid -fatty acid profiles and their metabolism were evaluated in healthy female adults. Among twenty five female volunteers(23.6$\pm$0.3 years old ) participated in the taruine supplementation program(6g taurine /day), twenty four subjects succesfully completed the 2 week program , and only nine subjects continued to take taurine for another 2 weeks. Levels of plasma fatty acids and taruine were measured by gas-liquid chromatobraphy and an automated amino acid analyzer based on ion exchange chromatography, respectively. Plasma taurine concentration s of the subjects were 108. 7$\pm$3.4 , 184.2$\pm$8.2 and 235.9$\pm$77.0$\mu$emol/L at 0 , 2 and 4 weeks of taurine supplementation. Fatty acid compositions and elongation and desaturation indices of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in plasma total lipids were not influenced by oral taurine supplementation. However, fatty acid compositions and their metabolism in plasma phospholipids were significantly affected by taurine supplementation in female adults. Compared to the values for 0 week, the percentage of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in plasma phospholipid was significantly lowered at 2 weeks, but elevated at 4 weeks of taurine supplementation. In contrast , the percentage of phospholipid PUFA significantly increased at 2 weeks and decreased at 4 weeks of taurine supplementation from to the values for 0 weeks. Foru weeks of oral taurine supplementation signifinatly elevated the eongation index(20 : 4$\omega$6 ⇒22 : 4 $\omega$6, p<0.01), and decreased the desaturation index (20 : 3 $\omega$6 ⇒20 : 4 $\omega$6 , p<0.01) of $\omega$6 fatty acids in plasma phospholipids. Plasma taurine concentration was positively correlated with the percentage of 14 : 0 fatty acids and the enlongation index o f$\omega$3 fatty acids(20 : 5 $\omega$3 ⇒22 : 5 $\omega$3), and thenegatively correlated with the percentage of 20 : 0 in plasma phospholipids. These results indicate that oral taurine supplementation for 4 weeks signidicantly elelvated the percentage of SFA, and lowered the percentage of PUFA in plasma phospholipids with no influence on plasm total fatty aicd composition in healthy female adults.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2008

본 연구는 아연을 주로 하는 이온수와 규소 성분이 주인 복합광물질을 급여시 돈육의 일반성분, 식육 콜레스테롤, 지방산 및 아미노산 조성에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. CON(0%), T1(이온수)및 T2(이온수 + 복합광물질)로 처리하였으며, 출하 전 66일간 사육하였다. 일반성분 및 콜레스테롤 함량은 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 지방산조성의 경우 다른 처리구에 비해 T2의 palmitic acid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid가 유의적으로 높게 나타난 반면 oleic acid는 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 포화지방산(STA)의 경우 T2(28.54%)가 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타내었고, 불포화지방산(UFA) 및 UFA/SFA의 경우 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 하지만, 필수지방산(EFA) 및 EFA/UFA은 T2가 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 아미노산 조성 중 다른 처리구에 비하여 glutamic, alanine, leucine, lysine은 T1이 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, serine, valine, isoleucine은 T2가 유의적으로 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 또한, 총 아미노산 함량 및 필수아미노산(EAA)는 T1처리구가 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 이상의 결과 이온수 및 복합광물질의 급여가 돼지의 지방산중 SFA를 증가시키고, UFA를 감소시켰으며, 필수아미노산의 함량을 증가시킴을 증가시켜 알 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.277-287
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• 2023

Actin dynamics play an essential role in myogenesis through multiple mechanisms, such as mechanotransduction, cell proliferation, and myogenic differentiation. Twinfilin-1 (TWF1), an actin-depolymerizing protein, is known to be required for the myogenic differentiation of progenitor cells. However, the mechanisms by which they epigenetically regulate TWF1 by microRNAs under muscle wasting conditions related to obesity are almost unknown. Here, we investigated the role of miR-103-3p in TWF1 expression, actin filament modulation, proliferation, and myogenic differentiation of progenitor cells. Palmitic acid, the most abundant saturated fatty acid (SFA) in the diet, reduced TWF1 expression and impeded myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts, while elevating miR-103-3p levels in myoblasts. Interestingly, miR-103-3p inhibited TWF1 expression by directly targeting its 3'UTR. Furthermore, ectopic expression of miR-103-3p reduced the expression of myogenic factors, i.e., MyoD and MyoG, and subsequently impaired myoblast differentiation. We demonstrated that miR-103-3p induction increased filamentous actin (F-actin) and facilitated the nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), thereby stimulating cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. Hence, this study suggests that epigenetic suppression of TWF1 by SFA-inducible miR-103-3p impairs myogenesis by enhancing the cell proliferation triggered by F-actin/YAP1.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.416-422
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• 2013

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary olive oil on growth performance, carcass parameters, serum characteristics, and fatty acid composition of breast and drumstick meat in broiler chickens. A total of 480 broilers were randomly allotted into three dietary treatments, including T (basal diet, 5% tallow), O1 (2% olive oil+3% tallow), and O2 (5% olive oil). During d 0 to 21, broilers fed the diet supplemented with 5% olive oil showed lower (p<0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI) compared with those fed the T diet. Serum triglyceride concentration was reduced (p<0.05), while high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentration was increased (p<0.05) in the O2 treatment group compared with the T and O1 treatment groups. The addition of olive oil to the diets induced a reduction (p<0.05) in the total saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents in breast and drumstick meat, and increased (p<0.05) the total unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) contents and USFA/SFA ratios. In conclusion, a diet with 5% olive oil could decrease BWG and FI of broilers during the starter period (wk 0 to 3), and cause an increase in the serum HDL-cholesterol level, while decreasing the serum triglyceride concentration. Furthermore, USFA level and USFA/SFA ratios in breast and drumstick meat were increased by dietary supplementation of 2 or 5% olive oil.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.1114-1123
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• 2014

The study was designed to evaluate the effect of 2% seamustard (Undaria pinnatifida) by-product (SW) on growth performance, immunity, carcass characteristics, cholesterol content and fatty acid profile in Hanwoo steers. A total of 20 Hanwoo steers (ave. 22 months old; 619 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to control (basal diet) and 2% SW supplemented diet. Dietary SW supplementation significantly (p<0.05) improved average daily gain and gain:feed ratio as well as serum immunoglobulin G concentration. Chemical composition and quality grade of meat and carcass yield grades evaluated at the end of the trial were found to be unaffected by SW supplementation. Dietary SW significantly reduced meat cholesterol concentration (p<0.05). Dietary SW supplementation significantly reduced the myristic acid (C14:0) and palmitoleic acid (C16:ln-7) concentration, while SW increased the concentration of stearic acid (C18:0) and linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) compared to control (p<0.05). Dietary SW supplementation had no effect on saturated fatty acids (SFA), unsaturated fatty acids, poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) or mono unsaturated fatty acid content in muscles. A reduced ratio of PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 were found in SW supplemented group (p<0.05). In conclusion, 2% SW supplementation was found to improve growth, immunity and fatty acid profile with significantly reduced cholesterol of beef.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.162-173
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• 2015

The cellular fatty acid composition is important for metabolic plasticity in Rhodobacter sphaeroides. We explored the effects of changing the cellular ratio of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) to saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in R. sphaeroides by overexpressing several key fatty acid biosynthetic enzymes through the use of expression plasmid pRK415. Bacteria containing the plasmid pRKfabI₁ with the fabI₁ gene that encodes enoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) reductase showed a reduction in the cellular UFA to SFA ratio from 4 (80% UFA) to 2 (65% UFA) and had decreased membrane fluidity and reduced cell growth. Additionally, the ratio of UFA to SFA of the chromatophore vesicles from pRKfabI₁-containing cells was similarly lowered, and the cell had decreased levels of light-harvesting complexes, but no change in intracytoplasmic membrane (ICM) content or photosynthetic (PS) gene expression. Both inhibition of enoyl-ACP reductase with diazaborine and addition of exogenous UFA restored membrane fluidity, cell growth, and the UFA to SFA ratio to wild-type levels in this strain. R. sphaeroides containing the pRKfabB plasmid with the fabB gene that encodes the enzyme β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase I exhibited an increased UFA to SFA ratio from 4 (80% UFA) to 9 (90% UFA), but showed no change in membrane fluidity or growth rate relative to control cells. Thus, membrane fluidity in R. sphaeroides remains fairly unchanged when membrane UFA levels are between 80% and 90%, whereas membrane fluidity, cell growth, and cellular composition are affected when UFA levels are below 80%.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.979-982
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of adding Tenebrio molitor L Powder to broiler feed on fatty acid profiles in broiler breast meat. In total, 180 broiler chicks (1-day old Arbor Acres) were included. The birds were randomly divided into control and treatment groups, with 3 replicate subgroups each(30 birds per subgroup), and fed a diet for 35 days without (control) or with 1% Tenebrio molitor L powder (treatment). Among individual fatty acids, addition of Tenebrio molitor L. powder resulted in slightly higher C18:1n-9, C20:3n-3 and C20:3n-6 contents, and lower C18:2n-6 content compared withcontrols (p<0.05). No remarkable differences in total SFA and total USFA contents were found between groups. In conclusion, inclusion of Tenebrio molitor L. in broiler diets did not improve overall fatty acid profiles.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.555-560
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• 1994

In order to observe the effects of the fees mixed with the lard and two vegetable seed oils on the fatty acid compositions of liver and brain tissue, the oils mixed with 2.5% lard and various levels of perilla oil and evening primrose oil were administered to the male rats of the Sprague-Dawley for 4 weeks . In the fatty acid composition of liver lipid, saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents were rich in the phopholiipide and cholesteryl ester fraction. Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents were rich in the triglyceride fraction and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents were rich in the phospholipid fraction. In the fatty acid composition of liver lipid fractions, according as the contents of mixed perilla oil decreased and the contents of mixed evening primrose oil increased , n -3 PUFA contents tended to decrease and n-6 PUFA contents tended to increase. Fatty acid composition of liver lipid fractions were influenced from the fatty acid composition of the test lipids. In the fatty acid composition of brain phospholipd, PUFA contents (40%) were rich and according as the contents of mixed evening primrose oil increased, the ratio on n-3/n-6 PUFA and eicosapentaenoid acid (EPA) /arachidonic acid (AA) tended to slightly decrease.