• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.301-307
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• 2017

Background Many difficulties exist in establishing a treatment plan for slow-flow vascular malformation (SFVM). In particular, little research has been conducted on the surgical treatment of SFVMs. Thus, we investigated what proportion of SFVM patients were candidates for surgical treatment in clinical practice and how useful surgical treatment was in those patients. Methods This study included 109 SFVM patients who received care at the authors' clinic from 2007 to 2015. We classified the patients as operable or non-operable, and analyzed whether the operability and the extent of the excision varied according to the subtype and location of the SFVM. Additionally, we investigated complications and self-assessed satisfaction scores. Results Of the 109 SFVM patients, 59 (54%) were operable, while 50 (46%) were non-operable. Total excision could be performed in 44% of the operable SFVM patients. Lymphatic malformations were frequently non-operable, while capillary malformations were relatively operable (P=0.042). Total excision of venous malformations could generally be performed, while lymphatic malformations and combined vascular malformations generally could only undergo partial excision (P=0.048). Complications occurred in 11% of the SFVM patients who underwent surgery; these were minor complications, except for 1 case. The average overall satisfaction score was 4.19 out of 5. Conclusions Based on many years of experience, we found that approximately half (54%) of SFVM patients were able to undergo surgery, and around half (44%) of those patients were able to fully recover after a total excision. Among the patients who underwent surgical treatment, high satisfaction was found overall and relatively few complications were reported.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.43-55
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• 2010

With the sex role changes in the post-modern society, men are becoming increasingly interested in appearance and their bodies. Male muscles in particular, which also is a visual manifestation of masculine strengths, has become the focal interest for those men who care about appearance management. The purpose of this study was to identify the extent to which Korean culture emphasizes muscles in defining masculine body, and to understand Korean men's perception of muscle building and their bodies. For this purpose, a content analysis and a survey were conducted. The content analysis aimed at identifying the ideal masculine image represented in the ads featured in male fashion magazines. For the purpose of comparison, U.S. magazines were also examined. The result showed that male models' images shown in Korean magazines were not significantly different from the male images in American magazines in terms of the body size, muscularity, and the nudity of the models. A survey to 339 men aged between 20 to 50 living in Seoul area was conducted to explore the motives of muscle building, the criteria men use to evaluate muscled bodies, and the influence of muscle building on body satisfaction. Factor analysis and analyses of variances followed by Scheffe multiple comparisons were conducted for data analysis. The results showed that physical appearance improvement is one of the motives of muscle building especially for younger men. Muscle building in general is found to contribute positively to men's body satisfaction.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.676-681
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• 2018

This paper is designed to address the extent of impacts that religious musicals may have upon on audience in contrast to the mainstream musicals by exploring choice attributes of Christian musicals, which are based on the stories of the Bible. Through empirical analysis, the paper shows that there is positive correlation between choice attributes and viewing satisfaction, while explaining choice attributes' impact on behavioral intention of audience, typically in word-or-mouth intention. It further shows that choice attribute of Christian musicals have direct positive impacts on both of behavioral and word-of-mouth intentions, which revisit intention is positively related to its reputation and the performance place. This study's significance lies in the use of Christian musicals to explore the complex interactions between choice attributes and audiences' behavioral intentions afterwards. However, it will also further benefit if future research include further mediating, control variable, including non-Christians.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.5-14
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• 2016

Purpose - Competitive industry structure and recent economic depression challenge a survival of Korean small- and medium-sized food franchising companies (SMFCs), albeit the explosive growth of the Korean food service industry for last few decades. Against this backdrop, it examines how these SMFCs overcome liabilities of smallness and resource scarcity to strengthen competitive advantage in the market. To tackle this, in this article we focus on corporate entrepreneurship and human resources as a knowledge-based asset for these SMFCs. Furthermore, the ratio of employee turnover is high in SMFCs. We view that such brain-drain may result in poor performance of the Korean SMFCs. As such, we pay attention to the role of organizational commitment to an organization as a solution for enhancing individual-level employees' loyalty toward their organization. Research design, data, and methodology - Our research question is to what extent corporate entrepreneurship (i.e., innovative organizational culture, organizational autonomy, and administrative innovation) affects an individual-level attitude toward the organization and, in turn, employee creativity and satisfaction in the Korean SMFCs context. We collected data from employees in SMFCs for three months. A total of 126 valid questionnaires were collected, and analyzed the data using partial least squares path modeling. Results - The reliable and valid measurement model feed into testing the structural model. Our findings suggest that innovative organizational culture and organizational autonomy positively affect employee commitment. Particularly, organizational autonomy has a greater effect than innovative culture on employee commitment. However, the relationship between administrative innovation and employee commitment is not significant. We also find that employee commitment positively affects both employee creativity and satisfaction. Conclusions - Our contribution to the existing franchising business and management literature is twofold. First, the conceptual model includes three antecedents in the organizational entrepreneurship dimension to organizational commitment. Second, we conceptualize organizational commitment as employee commitment, and validate its impact on employee creativity and job satisfaction at an individual performance level. Overall, this article suggests that it is critically important for the Korean SMFCs to develop corporate entrepreneurship in order to facilitate employees' positive attitudes toward their organizations.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.5-24
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• 1996

The Delivery Process can be viewed as one of the developmental crisis that forces the majority of women. During the labor and delivery process the women may face a variety of problems and pain with all its subjectivity. This developmental crisis may lead a pregnant women to have a negative experience in delivery. For nurses, to help to pregnant women check with the crisis and perceived support and to positive experience. This study intended to analyze the pregnant women's delivery experience according to supporter during labor. The subjects for this study were 45 pregnant women who had normal delivery without complications, within 37 to 42 weeks of pregnancy. Data Collection was done from April 24th to May 20th 1995 by two instruments, a support measurement scale and a delivery experience measurement scale which were consisted it 18-items scale developed by researcher. The data was analyzed by SPPS program using descriptive statistic Kruskal-Wallis one way analysis and Spearman Correlation Coefficient. The result of this study are as follows. 1. Support distribution by support contents is shown is order of holding the hands (97.8%), help to urination(86.7%), bed arrangement(57.8%), massaging the arms and legs(55.6%), changes in posture(44.4%), teaching how to produce power(44.4%), while emotional support is disclosed in order of sympathy(97.8%), encouragement(82.2%), hearing the needs(60.0%), However, information support was as low as less than 33.3%. 2. The extent of delivery experience a Pregnant woman perceives is revealed in order of a sense of comfortableness(44%), satisfaction(43.2%), reduction of fear(43.2%), familiarity (42.8%), self-confidence (42.5%), decrease of laborpain(39.9%). 3. The extent of delivery support a pregnant woman perceives reveals that physical support($x^2$=22.4452, P=.000) and information support($x^2$=7.5187, P=.0233) Show a significant difference among the mothers group, the mothers-in-law group, the husbands group, but to significant difference was found in emotional support among them. 4. The extent of delivery experience a pregnant woman perceives represents a significant difference in order of the mothers group, the mothers in-law group, and the husbands group($x^2$=13.4255, P=.0012). 5. A positive correlation was manifested between the extent of support and delivery experience a pregnant woman perceives(r=.8643, P=.000). This information can be utilized as data to further the understanding delivery experience according to supporter. In Consequence, it is recommended that the range of family support limited to husband should be expended including mother and mother-in-law.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.178-185
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative assessment on the satisfaction level for the two interfaces of surgical guide system (SimPlant and R2GATE), the design and convenience of manufactured surgical guides and the importance of using the surgical guides thereof by means of survey. Materials and Methods: Hereupon, they simulated the implant surgical process by mounting the two manufactured systems of surgical guide on a dental mold, respectively. The study subjects were instructed to complete the questionnaire as to the satisfaction level upon completion of the simulated surgery. This study summarized the data of each question after collecting the completed questionnaires. Then, this study analyzed the summarized data by utilizing statistical program SPSS 20.0 (IBM). Results: R2GATE had a higher value of the satisfaction level on the design and convenience of manufactures surgical guides. R2GATE group ($7.33{\pm}1.26$) was found to have a higher value in terms of the overall satisfaction level compared to SimPlant group ($6.67{\pm}1.26$) (${\alpha}$ = 0.05). Conclusion: The user satisfaction level on the surgical guide manufactured for R2GATE system was to such an extent as it can be widely used in clinical environment. Moreover, the surgical guide manufactured as R2GATE system can guide both the length and direction of a drill simultaneously. As a result, it is highly recommended for those beginners who do not have a lot of experience in implant placement.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.283-303
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• 2006

This is the research on the correlation between the marketing activities conducted by the companies participating in the overseas exhibitions in the exhibition and the satisfaction of the visitors. I have been able to obtain the following findings through the positive research on the satisfaction of the visitors to the overseas exhibitions. The research findings show that the external elements of the participating companies such as 'external appearances of booths, interior facilities and the atmosphere', 'designs of exhibits', 'size of the participating companies', and the publicity elements of the participating companies such as 'the degree of application of mass media', 'prior publicity of the participating companies', etc. among the marketing activities conducted by the participating companies in the exhibition affect the interest and repeat business deals of the visitors. The findings also show that the elements to induce the interest of the visitors such as the booth design and display of products where the participating companies may produce their unique image and the prior publicity to the visitors constitute the important elements of marketing. It has also been revealed that the visitors whose purpose of the visits are to purchase the products and to satisfy their interest in 'the events and contents of the events affect the interest and the repeat business deals of the visitors, among the interest and repeat business deals pursuant to the characteristics of the visitors. It has also been found that the visitors who have recognized the representative brands in the exhibitions affect the interest and the repeat business deals and the visitors who have visited the exhibition several times are more satisfied than the visitors who have visited the exhibition for the first time. The comparative evaluation of the degree of importance of the marketing activities of the participating companies before the visitors' visit to the exhibitions and the degree of satisfaction after their visit reveals degrees of satisfaction in the order of 'the booth staff's professional knowledge of the exhibits', 'foreign language proficiency and their techniques of negotiation and demonstration', 'designs of the exhibits (colors and packaging), 'prior publicity of the participating companies. Such being the case, the companies participating in any of the overseas should maximize the result of their participation in the exhibition by training their staff in the products and foreign languages and through the prior publicity. It has also been found out that "the atmosphere of the booth in the exhibition such as 'launching of new products', 'external appearances of the booth, layout of the interior facilities and the atmosphere and events of the participating companies affect the interest and repeat business deals of the visitors, among the factors for the satisfaction of the visitors. Therefore, it has been proven that the external factors such as the external appearances of the booth, display of the products, launching of new products and events producing the atmosphere of the booth of the participating companies among the marketing activities conducted by the participating companies, and the extent of the training of the booth staff and prior publicity are the major factors affecting the interest and repeat business deals of the visitors.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.219-226
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• 2010

Recently most parking control systems provide customers with various services, but most of the services are just the extension of parking spaces, automatic parking control system and so on. It is essential to use the satisfaction degree as the extent that customer are satisfied with parking control system to improve the quality of the system services and diversify the system services. The degree of satisfaction is different from customer to customer in same condition and can be represented as linguistic variables. In this paper, we present therefore a technique that quantify how much customer are satisfied with parking control system and fuzzy inference system architecture as a solution that can help us to make a efficient decision for these parking problems. In this architecture, inference engine using fuzzy logic compares context data with the rules in the fuzzy rule-based system, gets the sub-results, aggregates them and defuzzifies the aggregated result using MATLAB application programming to obtain crisp value. Fuzzy inference system architecture presented in this paper, can be used as a efficient method to analyze the satisfaction degree which is represented as fuzzy linguistic variables by human emotion. And it can be used to improve the satisfaction degree of not only parking system but also other service systems of various domains.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.525-544
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• 2020

There are many factors that affect academic achievement, and the influences of those factors are also complex. Since the factors that influence mathematics academic achievement are constantly changing and developing, longitudinal studies to predict and analyze the growth of learners are needed. This study uses longitudinal data from 2014 (second year of middle school) to 2017 (second year of high school) of the Seoul Education Longitudibal Study, and divides it into groups with similar longitudinal patterns of change in mathematics academic achievement. The longitudinal change patterns and direct influence of mood and satisfaction were examined. As a result of the study, it was found that the mathematics academic achievement of the first group (1456 students, 68.3%) including the majority of students and the second group (677 students) of the top 31.7% had a direct influence on the mathematics class attitude. It was found that the mood and satisfaction of mathematics classes did not have a direct effect. In addition, the influence of mathematics class attitude on mathematics academic achievement was different according to the group. In addition, students in group 2 with high academic achievement in mathematics showed higher mathematics class attitude, mood, and satisfaction. In addition, the attitude, atmosphere, and satisfaction of mathematics classes were found to change continuously from the second year of middle school to the second year of high school, and the extent of the change was small.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.163-176
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• 1987

This paper was designated to review consumer complaining in the context of consumerism . For the purpose of this study, the literature in the consumer satisfaction/ dissatisfaction, complaining and noncomplaining behavior was reviewed. A conceptual approach to understanding why consumers complain or not when the dissatisfied was presented. It was suggested that regardless of how dissatisfied a consumer is , an action is taken or forgone only after the costs and benefits of the various alternative are considered and an assessment of the probabilities of success are made. It was suggested that aroused citizens through consumer education, government agency's effort to reduce the consumer's dissatisfaction and seller's marketing strategy in the view of consumerism are three main propositions for the enhancement of the consumer's quality of life in this study. Consumer complaining must be made in virtue of national economic systems( standard of living and the effectiveness of its marketing system, extent of government control and provision of consumer assistances) to achieve high levels of efficiency. Besides national economic systems. the third parties must be promoted for the efficient consumer complaining.