• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.333-351
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• 2017

Objectives: This study examines the relationships between indoor radon concentrations and distribution from soil geological mapping in the Hwacheon and Jangsu areas. Methods: GIS and a pivot table were used for inquiries about indoor radon contents, soil characteristics, and geological differences. Results: The Hwacheon area was characterized by the presence of normal and reverse faults as a passage of runoff for radon, sufficient occurrences of minerals containing uranium within granite as a radon source, a high concentration of radon within the granite area and clear differences of radon concentrations between granitic and metamorphic areas. The Jangsu area was characterized by the presence of normal faults, wide distributions of alluvium, and ambiguities on radon concentrations indoors among areas of geological differences. Considering the granite area and alluvium surrounded with granite areas, the characteristics of radon concentrations within soils and indoors in the Jangsu area are similar to those of the Hwacheon area. High concentrations are found with entisol and inceptisol in the Hawcheon area, but with entisol, inceptisol, and ultisol in the Jangsu area. High radon concentrations are found in sandy loam and/or loam. High concentrations are found in recently constructed or brick buildings, but low concentrations in traditional or prefabricated houses showing a high possibility of outward flow. Conclusions: The overall results suggest that radon concentrations in the Hwacheon and Jangsu area are dominantly influenced by geological characteristics with additional artificial influences.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.174-178
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• 1982

답토양(畓土壤)의 형태적특성(形態的特性), 유형(類型) 및 적성등급(適性等級)과 수량(收量)과의 관계(關係)를 구명(究明)하기 위(爲)해 무비구(無肥區)에서 4개년(個年)('76-'79)간(間) 실시(實施)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 토양특성(土壤特性)과 수량(收量)과의 관계(關係)는 배수조건(排水條件)은 약간(若干) 불량(不良)한 토양(土壤)이 508kg/10a, 토성(土性)은 식양질(埴壤質)인 토양(土壤)이 538kg/10a, 유효토심(有效土深)은 100cm이상(以上)인 토양(土壤)이 513kg/10a 으로 각각(各各) 가장 높게 나타났다. 2. 유형(類型) 수량(收量)과의 관계(關係)는 보통답(普通畓) 525, 미숙답(未熟畓) 492, 사질답(砂質畓) 484, 습답(濕畓) 474, 염해답 263kg/10a으로 나타났다. 3. 적성등급(適性等級)과 수량(收量)과의 관계(關係)는 1급지(級地) 532kg, 2급지(級地) 510, 3급지(級地) 464, 4급지(級地) 349kg/10a으로 나타났음.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.51-62
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• 1991

A comprehensive laboratory investigation of the liquefaction characteristics of Jumunjin standard sand. Seoul sand and Hongsung sand was peformed by the undrained cyclic triaxial compression test under different relative densities, confining pressures and cyclic deviator stresses. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. Liquefaction potential was dominated by the stress ratio at a given number of cycle. That is, the number of cycle required to cause initial liquefaction became samller as the stress ratio increased. 2. Liquefaction potential of a sand was infliuenced by initial relative density or void ratio. Under a given relative density. liquefaction potential of Jumunjin standard sand and Seoul sand was smaller than that of Hongsung sand. 3. The pore pressure ratio of Hongsung sand was the smallest three under a given relative density and stress ratio, and it showed higher value when the cyclic stress and the shear strain were high. 4. An excessive pore pressure ratio not found when initial shear was smaller than 0.01%, and the pore pressure ratio started to increase when initial shear became greater than 0.01%. 5. Soil texture is an important factor to cause liquefaction, and liquefaction potential decreased a the mean grain size decreased. however the sand having fine grain such as Hongsung sand showed somewhat higher liquefaction potential. 6. Based on the analysis of the specimens whose number of the cycles to cause liquefaction was 8~12, it was found that the relationship between density and stress ratio was linear. The curves for Hongsung sand was steeper than the other. 7. From the above results and the method suggested by Seed-Idriss, it may be considered that the damages by Hongsung earthquake was not directly caused by liquefaction.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2014

To evaluate bio-cementation of microbial on sands, laboratory test was conducted using acrylic cubic molding boxes ($5cm{\times}5cm{\times}5cm$). It was incubated the microbial, called Bacillus Pasteurii, according to Park et al (2011, 2012). and applied 50ml each specimen. Two type of sand samples used were Jumoonjin sand and common sand (well graded). These sands were molded in acrylic boxes with the relative density of 30 % and 60 % respectively. Microbial were poured onto the samples molded in acrylic boxes and cured at the room temperature and humidity. After 7, 14 and 21days, it was measured the compressive strength, pH, EC, and density and it were observed SEM and XRD to verify the effect of bio-cementation. It was found that bio-cementation was increased a strength of sands and it was appeared that strengths were related to the type of sand and relative density. Therefore it was confirmed the solidification of sands using the bio-cementation by microbial activation and the usefullness of acrylic molding boxes when tests were conducted on the soil of sands.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1998

The environmental problem of the rural area has been accelerated in soil as well as water. Soil contamination is usually caused by improper operation of landfills, abandoned mine fields, accidental spills, and illegal dumpings. Once soil contamination is initiated, pollutants migrate and may cause groundwater contamination which takes much effort for remediation. Early detection, therefore, is important to prevent further contamination. Electrical resistivity method was used to detect soil contamination, but it was not effective to the heterogeneous condition. Static cone penetrometer test (CPT) has been used widely to investigate geotechnical properties of the underground. In this study, electrical resistivity method and CPT are combined to improve the applicability of it. The pilot test was performed to examine the variation of electrical resistivity with different soil minerals and pore fluid characteristics. Soil samples used were poorly graded sand, silty sandy soil, and weathered granite soil. For all the cases, electrical resistivity decreased with increasing of moisture content. Soil mineral also affected the electrical resistivity significantly. Above all, leachate addition in the pore fluid was very sensitive and caused decreasing of electrical resistivity markedly. It implies that electrical resistivity method can be applied to investigate pollutant plume effectively. This is specially sure when the sensors contact the contaminated soils directly. The CPT method involves cone penetration to the ground, therefore, underground contamination around the cone could be investigated effectively even for heterogeneous condition as it penetrates if electrical resistivity sensors are attached on the cone.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2014

동절기에 지반에 매설된 상수도관은 지반의 동결 융해로 인해 과대한 지반 응력을 받게 되고, 이러한 현상이 겨울철 상수도관의 파괴 또는 변형에 많은 영향을 끼친다. 본 논문에서는 실 대형 모형실험을 통해 외부 온도 변화에 따른 매설관 주변 지반 내 온도거동과 매설관의 변위 및 응력거동을 확인하였으며, 지반이 동결됨에 따라 매설관 주변에 응력이 집중되고 동상이 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 실험에 사용된 시료가 비동상성 시료인 사질토임에도 불구하고 함수비 조건과 배수조건에 따라 동상현상이 나타나는 것을 발견하였으며, 본 논문을 통해 매설관의 배딩(bedding)과 뒷채움재를 비동상 시료로 치환하더라도, 주변 지반의 배수상태, 지하수위, 함수비 등에 따라 동상에 대한 별도의 대책을 세워야 함을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2014

경제적, 기술적인 이유에서 실내시험을 위한 in situ 상태 그대로의 현장 모래 시료를 채취하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 따라서 현장과 유사한 상태의 시료 조성을 위한 다양한 시료 재성형 방법이 제시되었으며, 연구 목적에 따라 적합하다고 판단되는 시료성형방법이 다양하게 적용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 모래의 시료 재성형 시 널리 이용되고 있는 습윤다짐법, 건조낙사법, 그리고 건조퇴적법을 적용하여 동일한 상대밀도로 시료를 조성한 후, 일정한 구속압 조건에서 압밀배수전단 시험을 수행하였다. 또한 자체제작을 통해 시료의 상 하부 캡에 압전소자를 설치하여 압밀 종료 시점과 전단과정에서의 탄성파 속도를 측정함으로써 시료 재성형 방법 및 상대밀도에 따른 오타와 모래에서의 거동 특성 및 전단거동 시의 탄성파 속도의 변화 경향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 시료 조성방법에 따라 전단과정에서 모래의 거동에는 차이가 발생할 수 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 전단과정 시 전단파 속도는 체적 변화양상과 동일한 경향을 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1998

The slope revegetation methods in Korea are generally the hydroseeding mixed with perennial herbs, soil, fibers, and fertilizer in consideration of scenic landscape rather than ecological and engineering effect. But perennial herbs can't protect the slope from deep surface erosion and they are not tall enough to create the original naturalness at the boundary parts of existing woodlands. This study is about the slope revegetation method using nutritional propagation capacity of plants and the experimental construction was carried out on the cut-slope of Yongin Hoam C.C. We dug several trenches to a depth of 80cm and at intervals of 150cm from each other. After placing various kinds of live branches(Salix species) into the trench, we backfilled with the excavated soils and finally sprayed water mixed with soil-stabilizer, fertilizer. As six months passed, we made a vegetation research and check the slope surface erosion. Vegetation research was performed in examining the frequency of each block using transect method. 31 kinds of plant species appeared in total area($113.6m^2$) and the dominant species are Setaria viridis, Artemisia rubripes, Persicaria pubescens, Plantago asiatica, Cyperus amuricus, Commelina communis. Among the examined blocks, '아', the top part of the slope, showed the ratio of 1.4 as the highest Alpha-diversity. With regard to life form, therophytes were shown dominant distribution of 58% of total species and neophytes relatively low distribution of 16%. It can be estimated that there is no ecological stabilization of this slope, because of ruderal species' occupation of 74% in total area. Regarding the slope stabilization, the serious surface erosion didn't take place in spite of heavy rainfall this year, but a little surface erosion took place at the block where no other species coming from outside of the site were found.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.43-56
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• 1993

The laboratory tests are performed on how the liquefaction potential of the sea dike structures on the saturated sand or silty sand seabed could be affected due to earthquake before and after construction results are given as follows ; 1. Earthquake damages to sea dike structures consist of lateral deformation, settlement, minor abnormality of the structures and differential settlement of embankments, etc. It is known that severe disasters due to this type of damages are not much documented. Because of its high relative cost of the preventive measures against this type of damages, the designing engineer has much freedom for the play of judgement and ingenuity in the selection of the construction methods, that is, by comparing the cost of the preventive design cost at a design stage to reconstruction cost after minor failure. 2. The factors controlling the liquefaction potential of the hydraulic fill structure are magnitude of earthquake(max. surface velocity), N-value(relative density), gradation, consistency(plastic limit), classification of soil(G & vs), ground water level, compaction method, volumetric shear stress and strain, effective confining stress, and primary consolidation. 3. The probability of liquefaction can be evaluated by the simple method based on SPT and CPT test results or the precise method based on laboratory test results. For sandy or silty sand seabed of the concerned area of this study, it is said that evaluation of liquefaction potential can be done by the one-dimensional analysis using some geotechnical parameters of soil such as Ip, Υt' gradation, N-value, OCR and classification of soils. 4. Based on above mentioned analysis, safety factor of liquefaction potential on the sea bed at the given site is Fs =0.84 when M = 5.23 or amax= 0.12g. With sea dike structures H = 42.5m and 35.5m on the same site Fs= 3.M~2.08 and Fs = 1.74~1.31 are obtained, respectively. local liquefaction can be expected at the toe of the sea dike constructed with hydraulic fill because of lack of constrained effective stress of the area.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.67-71
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• 1997

농경지의 정밀토양조사(精密土壤調査) 결과를 이용하여 토양유형(土壤類型), 지형(地形) 및 층위별(層位別)로 토양의 물리, 화학적 특성을 분석 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 점토함량(粘土含量)을 유형별로 보면 A층에는 사질밭과 보통밭에서 낮았고 중점(重粘)밭에서 가장 높았으며 B층에서는 화산회밭이 높았다. 토층간에는 화산회밭을 제외하고는 B층이 A층보다 낮았다. 2. 유기물함량(有機物含量)은 다른 유형의 밭에 비하여 화산회밭과 고원(高原)밭에서 현저히 높았다. 3. 양이온치환용량은 사질밭, 보통밭과 미숙(未熟)밭에서 낮았으며 고원밭의 A층도 $13.2cmol^+/kg$으로 높은 편이었고 화산회밭은 가장 높았다. 4. 보통(普通)밭 B층의 물리 화학적 특성간에는 높은 상관관계가 인정되었으며 양이온치환용량은 유효수분(有效水分), 점토, 미사 및 유기물함량과 정(正)의 상관(相關)관계를 보였다.