• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.42 no.7
• /
• pp.1008-1014
• /
• 2013

This study evaluated the anti-diabetic effects of medicinal plant water extracts on expression of hepatic glucokinase (GCK), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) mRNA. GCK, PDH and ACC mRNA expression levels were measured by RT-PCR. The medicinal plants used in our study were Cordyceps militaris (CM), Perilla sikokiana (PS), Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB), Panax notoginseng (PN) and Angelica utilis Makino (AUM). We found that GCK mRNA expression was increased to about 181% at the 250 ppm of CM water extract. Furthermore, we also found that CM and AUM water extracts stimulated PDH mRNA expression level related to glucose metabolism, however, PS, SMB and PN did not stimulate PDH mRNA expression as expected. Expression of ACC mRNA was also significantly higher in both CM and AUM water extracts. Overall, the results of our study suggest that CM and AUM water extracts stimulate expression of hepatic GCK, PDH and ACC mRNA.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.554-574
• /
• 2018

Mt. Bonghwa reaches a height of 800 m (2,870 ft) and stands on the flank of Mt. Daeam-san, which has an elevation of 1,304 m (4,278 ft). It is important to survey the flora of Bonghwa-san in that it is a way to make out what kind of plant species exist in DMZ due to the geographical characteristics of Bonghwa-san adjacent to Korean DMZ. Therefore this study was conducted to elucidate the distribution of vascular plants and their value of Bonghwa-san. The vascular plants that were collected 10 times from May 2015 to April 2017 consisted of a total of 525 taxa; 93 families, 309genera, 458 species, 4 subspecies, 58 varieties and 5 forms. The observed rare plant species as designated by Korea Forest Service were 12 taxa including Echinosophora koreensis, Epimedium koreanum, Anemone koraiensis etc. Endemic species were 16 taxa containing Cirsium setidens, Heloniopsis koreana, Salvia chanryoenica etc. 31 taxa were recorded as naturalized plants and their naturalized rate and urban index were noted as 5.8% and 7.25%. Among the surveyed 525 taxa, edible, medicinal, pasturing, ornamental, timber, dye, fiber and industrial plants included 213 taxa, 172 taxa, 196 taxa, 50 taxa, 23 taxa, 10 taxa, 6 taxa and 3 taxa, respectively.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.464-472
• /
• 2007

Objectives : Nowadays the combined use of oriental herbal medicines and western biomedical medicines has been prevalent but controversial. Warfarin has been much reported to interact with some herbal medicines so that it influences prothrombin time(PT) & international normalized ratio(INR). This study was aimed to examine how much warfarin interacts with herbal medicines during treatment of stroke patients Methods : This was a retrospective case control study of 53 patients whowere treated with concomitant treatment of herbal medicines & warfarin. They were within normal limit in liver function, renal function, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and platelet count at first admission lab. We classified them into 2 classes: study group (taking herbal medicines including Panax ginseng, Angelica sinensis, Zingiber officinale, Salvia miltiorrhiza that were reported to interact with warfarin to impact PT (INR) and control group (taking other herbal medicines). We followed up PT (INR) at 5-10 days interval with AST, ALT, BUN, creatinine, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and platelet count. Results : AST, BUN, creatinine, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet count were not changed significantly between first and final tests during the admission period. Only ALT decreased significantly in the control group. Neither baseline nor peak PT (INR) was significantly different between the groups. However, only warfarin dose was significantly correlated with PT and INR (r=0.810, r=0.798, p<0.01). Conclusions : It was concluded that PT(INR) was not influenced with herbal medicines and warfarin but by far dependent on warfarin dose in stroke patients restricted with normal liver function, renal function, and hematocrit, hemoglobin, and platelet count. Further prospective study is needed on larger samples to conclude that the combined therapy of herbal medicines and warfarin is safe.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.205-210
• /
• 2018

Salvianolic acid B, which is a compound in the Salvia miltiorrhiza, has diverse biological activities, In particular, the antioxidative effects were reported to be involved in the protection of hepatocytes, neurons, and various cell types. On the other hand, some phenolic compounds, such as ferulic acid, which is regarded as an antioxidant, plays a pro-oxidative role in the specific transitional metal environment, which could explain the anticancer effect. This study examined the pro-oxidative effects of salvianolic acid B in the presence of $Cu^{2+}$. Treatment with both salvianolic acid B and $Cu^{2+}$ induced the transition of supercoiled DNA to the open circular or linear form but not in the sole salvianolic acid B or $Cu^{2+}$ treatments. Salvianolic acid B reduced the $Cu^{2+}$ to $Cu^+$ using neocuproine, a $Cu^+$ specific chelator. In addition, catalase, an enzyme that breaks down the $H_2O_2$ to water and molecular oxygen, inhibited the DNA breakage. $H_2O_2$, a reactive oxygen species, has detrimental effects on biological molecules, particularly DNA. Overall, the reduction of $Cu^{2+}$ by salvianolic acid B could lead to the production of $H_2O_2$ followed by DNA breakage. These results suggest that the pro-oxidative effects could be the one of the anti-cancer mechanisms of salvianolic acid B, which remains to be explained.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2016

Objectives : Salvianolic acid B (SAB) is an active ingredient in Salvia miltiorrhiza frequently used for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The present study investigated the antioxidant effects of SAB on the skeletal muscle and the brain tissue of rats following exhaustive exercise.Methods : The rats were treated with oral administration of SAB (30 mg/kg) daily for 5 days prior to the exhaustive exercise. The exhaustive exercise was performed as swimming for 150 min with 5% body weight attached to the tail on the 5th day. The antioxidant effects of SAB was evaluated by measuring the superoxide generation in the gastrocnemius and the 4-HNE expression in the hippocampal tissue. In addition, c-Fos-expressing cells in the brain tissue was observed using immunohistochemistry.Results : Histological features and muscle fiber type composition were not different between the SAB group and the exhaustive exercise group. SAB significantly reduced the upregulation of superoxide generation in the muscle tissue. SAB significantly reduced the increase of c-Fos-expressing cells in the cerebral cortex, paraventricular thalamic nucleus, dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus, the CA1, CA3, and DG regions of hippocampus. SAB significantly reduced the upregulation of 4-HNE expression in the CA1 and DG regions of hippocampus caused by the exhaustive exercise.Conclusions : The results suggest that SAB exerts antioxidative effect against oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle and the brain tissue following exhaustive exercise, while SAB may has an anti-stress effect on stress responses in the brain.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.176-184
• /
• 2018

This study was intended to provide basic data for more ecological and systematic preservation and management planning of forest vegetations in the Baekdudaegan sector between Danmoknyeong and Guryongnyeong where biodiversity is considered to be very important. A vegetation survey using the Zurich-Montpellier (Z.-M.) method of phytosociology was carried out in a total 142 sites to examine the environmental characteristics. The survey showed the forest vegetation types of one community group, two communities, four groups, and four subgroups. Quercus mongolica and Acer pseudosieboldianum, which fall under Constancy Class V, were dominant species and deemed to be the key species of the forest ecosystem management plan for the investigated areas. Regarding species diversity, it was found that the dominant species of the VT3 type were evenly distributed in the area while the species of the VT4 type showed not only a diverse composition but also the most abundant number of species. Moreover, there were 24 of rare plants found in the Danmoknyeong-Guryongnyeong section: the critically endangered species include Dracocephalum rupestre; the endangered species include Saxifraga octopetala; the vulnerable species include Paeonia japonica, Euphorbia fauriei, Hanabusaya asiatica, and Parasenecio pseudotaimingasa; the least concern species include Aristolochia manshuriensis, Rodgersia podophylla, Salvia chanryoenica, Scopolia japonica, and Parasenecio firmus.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2018.04a
• /
• pp.28-28
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 강원도 인제군 매봉 지역 일대를 중심으로 식물상 조사를 수행하였다. 관속식물은 73과 173속 228종 3아종 28변종 6품종으로 총 265분류군으로 조사되었다. 분류군별로는 양치식물이 5과 14분류군, 나자식물 1과 3분류군, 쌍자엽식물 60과 182분류군, 단자엽식물 7과 29분류군으로 확인되었다. 주요 식물로는 특산식물 고려엉겅퀴(Cirsium setidens), 무늬족도리풀(Asarum versicolor), 병꽃나무(Weigela subsessilis) 등 8과 9분류군, 희귀식물은 멸종위기종(CR) 긴개별꽃(Pseudostellaria japonica), 애기가물고사리(Woodsia glabella) 2분류군, 위기종(EN) 댕강나무(Abelia mosanensis) 1분류군, 취약종(VU) 멱쇠채(Scorzonera austriaca subsp. glabra) 1분류군, 약관심종(LC)인 과남풀(Gentiana triflora var. japonica), 금강제비꽃(Viola diamantiaca), 너도바람꽃(Eranthis stellata) 등 9분류군으로 총 13분류군이 확인되었다. 환경부지정 특정식물종은 V등급 1분류군, IV등급 2분류군, III등급 13분류군이 확인되었다. 귀화식물은 단풍잎돼지풀(Ambrosia trifida), 달맞이꽃(Oenothera biennis), 닭의덩굴(Fallopia dumetorum) 등 6과 11분류군이 확인되었다. 산림청에서 지정한 특별산림보호대상종은 댕강나무(Abelia mosanensis), 참배암차즈기(Salvia chanryoenica)가 확인되었다. 유용식물로는 용도를 모르는 96분류군(36.2%)를 제외하면 169분류군(63.8%)이 자원식물로 이용가치가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이들을 용도에 따라 구분해보면 식용 114분류군(33.2%), 섬유용 5분류군(1.5%), 약용 82분류군(23.9%), 관상용 33분류군(9.6%), 사료용 94분류군(27.4%), 산업용 1분류군(0.3%), 염료용 3분류군(0.9%), 목재용 11분류군(3.2%)으로 확인되었다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.1-23
• /
• 2017

Gwangchiryeong, located adjacent to the Korean DMZ, is a mountain pass connecting Yang-Gu, Gangwon-do with In-je. It reaches a height of 800m (2,624ft) and stands on the flank of Mt. Daeam-san, which has an elevation of 1,304m (4,278ft). It is important to survey the flora of Gwangchiryeong in that not only the area encompassing the waterfall and the valley along with dense old-growth forest has various plant species but also it is a way to make out what kind of plant species exist in the DMZ due to the geographical characteristics of Gwangchiryeong adjacent to the Korean DMZ. Therefore, this study was conducted to elucidate the distribution of vascular plants and their value in Gwangchiryeong. The vascular plants that were collected 9 times from April 2014 to September 2015, and consisted of a total of 513 taxa: 88 families, 297 genera, 441 species, 4 subspecies, 62 varieties and 6 forms. Among those observed species, the rare plant species designated by Korea Forest Service were 22 taxa including Hanabusaya asiatica, Paeonia japonica, Saxifraga octopetala, etc. Endemic species were 22 taxa containing Cirsium setidens, Heloniopsis koreana, Salvia chanryoenica, etc. 18 taxa were recorded as naturalized plants and their naturalized rate and urban index were noted as 3.5% and 5.6%. Among the surveyed 513 taxa, edible, medicinal, pasturing, ornamental, timber, dye, fiber and industrial plants were 197 taxa, 154 taxa, 180 taxa, 49 taxa, 24 taxa, 8 taxa, 4 taxa and 3 taxa, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.459-470
• /
• 2006

This study was carried out objectively to analyze the distributing flora for the conservation of natural environment and to construct the database in Mt. Joryeong, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea. The period of survey was from November, 2004 to September, 2005, and the routes were A (Recreation $forest{\sim}Shinseon-bong$), B $(Shinseon-bong{\sim}Mapae-bong)$, C(Joryeong 3rd $gateway{\sim}Mapae-bong$), and D $(Yongseong-gol{\sim}Gitdae-bong)$. The vascular plants were summarized as 341 taxa; 85 families, 219 genera, 299 species, 36 varieties, and 6 forma. The rare and endangered plants designated by Korea Forest Service were 3 taxa; Paeonia japonica, Viola albida, and Rhododendron micranthum. The Korean endemic plants were 9 taxa; Cephalotaxus harringtonia, Salix caprea, Deutzia coreana, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora, $Lespedeza{\times}tomentella$, Vaccinium koreanum, Salvia chanroenica, Weigela subsessilis, and Cirsium setidens. And in the results of survey on resource plants, we confirmed 171 taxa of ornamental plants (50.1%), 222 taxa of edible plants (65.1%), 237 taxa of medicinal plants (69.5%) and 146 taxa of other useful plants (42.8%).

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.271-277
• /
• 2012

Ten green leafy vegetables were cultivated from medicinal plant seed. Their nutritional content, taste, appearance and texture were evaluated. Moisture content was $91.23{\pm}0.00%$ in $Saururus$ $chinensis$ (Sc), $90.39{\pm}0.05%$ in $Perilla$ $frutescens$ (Pa) and $66.78{\pm}0.05%$ in $Agastache$ $rugosa$ (Ar). The fat content was 8.89% in $Salvia$ $plebeia$ (Sp) and 0.13% in $Peucedanum$ $japonicum$ (Pj). The protein content was $11.1{\pm}0.00%$ in Ar and $0.54{\pm}0.03%$ in Pj. Total sugar content was $20.06{\pm}0.03%$ in $Geum$ $japonicum$ (Gj), $12.73{\pm}0.03%$ in $Coixlacry$ $majobi$ (Cm) and $1.04{\pm}0.03%$ in $Atractylodes$ $japonica$ (Aj). Medicinal leafy vegetables had higher glucose, sucrose and fructose, but lower maltose. Ascorbic acid content was $33.67{\pm}1.40$ mg% in Sc, $27.91{\pm}2.91$ mg% in Pa and $15.68{\pm}1.09$ mg% in At. Chlorophyll content was higher in $Perilla$ $frutescens$ var. $acuta$ Kudo than other leafy vegetables. The evaluation also showed that Cm, Pa and Aj tasted sweeter and had low acidity.