• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.52-64
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• 2023

This study aimed to examine the types and characteristics of otorhinolaryngology examinations performed by clinical laboratory technologists and to investigate the working environment and scope of work of otorhinolaryngology laboratory personnel using online questionnaires. Based on the research results, constructive policy measures for the University-Association-Society were also presented. Most of the survey respondents were in their 40s (34.1%). Females accounted for 80.2% of respondents and 30.8% of them had a career spanning 15 years or more. We found that laboratory personnel had a wide scope of work, high work stress and frequently suffered occupational diseases. We observed that, to reduce stress and increase satisfaction, an expansion of the workforce was necessary. Compared to other occupations, 72% of clinical laboratory technologists occupied more senior positions, occupational distribution depended on senior positions (P<0.001). Clinical laboratory technologists performed about 26 types of otorhinolaryngology examinations. The most frequent test performed daily was pure tone audiometry, and polysomnography took the longest test time, with an average of 8 hours. In conclusion, clinical laboratory technologists were in charge of various specialized otorhinolaryngology examinations. Considering the importance of clinical laboratory technologists in otorhinolaryngology, the University-Association-Society should put in additional effort into nurturing otorhinolaryngology examination experts.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.729-745
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• 2022

Purpose: This study collects basic data on the awareness of evacuation methods and evacuation facilities in the event of a radiological disaster of residents living in the emergency planning zone. Method: The residents of emergency planning zone were sampled using a random sampling method. A 1:1 interview was conducted using a structured questionnaire, and statistical analysis was performed using the minitab program. Result: First, the survey subjects showed a relatively low and negative awareness of the local government's work on radioactive disasters. Second, in terms of resident safety education, they had little experience in education, but they felt it was necessary and wanted education on evacuation methods, action tips, and the location of relief centers. Third, the location of the relief centers related to radioactive disasters was not well known, and there were many responses that they did not receive any guidance, and that they would be with their families when using the relief centers. Satisfaction levels were generally low with regard to the relief facilities. Fourth, the necessary priorities in preparation for radioactive disasters were education and training for radioactive disasters, facility supplementation, and supply of protective chemicals. Conclusion: The residents of emergency planning zone perceived the policies and tasks of the government or local governments relatively negatively in preparation for the occurrence of radioactive disasters, and their satisfaction was low. Regarding the matters pointed out as a priority, the government and local governments should publicize and educate the residents of accurate information and policies on radioactive disasters.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.65-83
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to conceptually define "spatial inclusivity" and empirically examine the impact of disability severity and spatial inclusivity on social participation among individuals experiencing physical discomfort. The social and spatial environment of the residential area is crucial for individuals with disabilities who face limited activity range and complex barriers due to physical constraints. In this study, spatial inclusivity from the perspective of people with disabilities is defined as establishment of equal relationships with non-disabled individuals within the local community, as well as the availability of basic facilities and services in a safe urban space that allows for access and utilization. This concept consists of three dimensions: individual networks, social environment, and physical environment. The physical environment encompasses safety levels, natural environment, living environment, public transportation conditions, medical services in residential areas. We used the 2019 Community Health Survey to examine the relationship between disability severity, spatial inclusivity, and social participation using a two level regression model. The findings are as follows: Firstly, personal relationships at the individual level and the physical environment at the local level have a positive impact on social participation. Secondly, when identifying dividing the physical environment into five sub-factors, no significant influence of individual factors is found. Thirdly, trustworthy and friendly social environment at the local level has a negative impact on social participation. These results provide empirical evidence that spatial inclusivity has an effect on the social participation of individuals with disabilities and suggest implications for urban planning to create and enhance conditions for the social participation of individuals with disabilities.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.64-76
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• 2003

This study was conducted in order to find out the basic data and informations for the accidents for repairing of agricultural machines. This study was summarized as fellows : 1. Among the total repair work, the ratio of repair accident was 68.9% and the accident ratio with power tiller, tractor, and combine was 84.8%. The accident occurred frequently in April to May and September to October because of frequent use of machines during this months. The accidents occurred often of ten to eleven and two to three afternoon in a day. 2. The 36.3% of the accident types was farming machines and the 60.4% of the accident occurred in yard of repair shop. The 34.4% of accident was caused by people, 26.2% by machines, 24.9% by environmental factors, and 14.5% by others. 3. In accident damage, human damage was 98.4% and economic damage was 43.6%. There was only 40.2% in having agricultural machinery insurance and 22.5% of research applicant answered that they would not have insurance in the future. 4. The 58.2% of the injured parts occurred in fingers, hands, wrists, or arms and the 74.4% of the damage types were bruise, prick or abrasion. The damaged parts of machinery were belt of power transmission device, chains, sharpened knives, narrow mechanism or cultivating knives for rotary. 5. The average days of medical treatment for casualty was 15.5 days and the average expense of medical treatment per person was 189,200 won. The days of temporary rest and the economic damage per person due to accident were 12.8 days and 469,300 won.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.192-207
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• 2023

Commercialization of level-4 (Lv.4) autonomous driving applications requires the definition of a safe road environment under which autonomous vehicles can operate safely. Thus, a risk assessment model is required to determine whether the operation of autonomous vehicles can provide safety to is sufficiently prepared for future real-life traffic problems. Although the risk factors of autonomous vehicles were selected and graded, the decision-making method was applied as qualitative data using a survey of experts in the field of autonomous driving due to the cause of the accident and difficulty in obtaining autonomous driving data. The fuzzy linguistic representation of decision-makers and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP), which converts uncertainty into quantitative figures, were implemented to compensate for the AHP shortcomings of the multi-standard decision-making technique. Through the process of deriving the weights of the upper and lower attributes, the road alignment, which is a physical infrastructure, was analyzed as the most important risk factor in the operation risk of autonomous vehicles. In addition, the operation risk of autonomous vehicles was derived through the example of the risk of operating autonomous vehicles for the 5 areas to be evaluated.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.59-68
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• 2010

Systematic risk management is necessary in grand scaled urban construction because of the existence of complicated and various risk factors. Problems of obstructions, adjacent structures, safety, environment, traffic and geotechnical properties need to be solved because urban construction is progressed in limited space not as general earthwork. Therefore the establishment of special risk management system is necessary to manage not only geotechnical properties but also social and cultural uncertainties. This research presents the technique analysis by the current state of risk management technique. Risk factors were noticed and the importance of each factor was estimated through survey. The systemically categorized database was established. Risk extraction module, matrix and score module were developed based on the database. Expected construction budget and time distribution can be computed by Monte Carlo analysis of probabilities and influences. Construction budgets and time distributions of before and after response can be compared and analyzed 80 the risks are manageable for entire whole construction time. This system will be the foundation of standardization and integration. Procurement, efficiency improvement, effective time and resource management are available through integrated management technique development and application. Conclusively decrease in cost and time is expected by systemization of project management.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.35-42
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• 2022

The N-value from the Standard Penetration Test (SPT), which is one of the representative in-situ test, is an important index that provides basic geological information and the depth of the bearing layer for the design of geotechnical structures. In the aspect of time and cost-effectiveness, there is a need to carry out a representative sampling test. However, the various variability and uncertainty are existing in the soil layer, so it is difficult to grasp the characteristics of the entire field from the limited test results. Thus the spatial interpolation techniques such as Kriging and IDW (inverse distance weighted) have been used for predicting unknown point from existing data. Recently, in order to increase the accuracy of interpolation results, studies that combine the geotechnics and deep learning method have been conducted. In this study, based on the SPT results of about 22,000 holes of ground survey, a comparative study was conducted to predict the depth of the bearing layer using deep learning methods and IDW. The average error among the prediction results of the bearing layer of each analysis model was 3.01 m for IDW, 3.22 m and 2.46 m for fully connected network and PointNet, respectively. The standard deviation was 3.99 for IDW, 3.95 and 3.54 for fully connected network and PointNet. As a result, the point net deep learing algorithm showed improved results compared to IDW and other deep learning method.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of aging-friendly technology that can be integrated into future smart homes in an aging society. The literature survey and content analysis method were used to collect and analyze data. Papers of the international journal ICOST (International Conference on Smart Homes and Health Telematics) that professionally deal with converged technologies were analysis units. Sixty-five papers among 215 papers published from 2007 through 2014 were selected on the basis of end-users orientation. Totally, out of 65 papers 76 technology items were extracted. Characteristics of those technologies were analyzed focusing on purpose and application methods. As results, in terms of purpose, the technologies were oriented to provide both of psychological and physiological support to the users, focusing on the safety, convenience, health and entertainment to extend independent life of the elderly. Among the application method such as building structure, furniture, product, wearable device and free movable robot, product were dominant. Through those results, the aging-friendly technology is expected to alleviate a wide range of issues in aging society.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.135-150
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• 2016

Due to the development of communication technology and expansion of Intelligent Transport System (ITS), the car is changing from a simple mechanical device to second living space which has comprehensive convenience function and is evolved into the platform which is playing as an interface for this role. As the interface area to provide various information to the passenger is being expanded, the research importance about smart car based user experience is rising. This study has a research objective to propose the guidelines regarding the smart car user experience elements. In order to conduct this study, smart car user experience elements were defined as function, interaction, and surface and through the discussions of UX/UI experts, 8 representative techniques, 14 representative techniques, and 8 locations of the glass windows were specified for each element. Following, the smart car users' priorities of the experience elements, which were defined through targeting 100 drivers, were analyzed in the form of questionnaire survey. The analysis showed that the users' priorities in applying the main techniques were in the order of safety, distance, and sensibility. The priorities of the production method were in the order of voice recognition, touch, gesture, physical button, and eye tracking. Furthermore, regarding the glass window locations, users prioritized the front of the driver's seat to the back. According to the demographic analysis on gender, there were no significant differences except for two functions. Therefore this showed that the guidelines of male and female can be commonly applied. Through user requirement analysis about individual elements, this study provides the guides about the requirement in each element to be applied to commercialized product with priority.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.871-882
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• 2018

This study investigated meaning of life as mediator of the relationships of meaning of work and happiness in Koran middle aged. A sample of 171 middle aged were participated. in survey about meaning of work, meaning of work and happiness. The data were analyzed using correlation test and path analysis. The results was followed. First, every factors was positively correlated. The meaning of work was positively correlated with meaning in life and happiness. And meaning in life was also positively correlated with happiness. Second, the meaning in life had partial mediation effect between meaning of work and happiness. The middle aged's higher score of meaning of work not only directly increased happiness, but also induced higher level of meaning in life, which, in turn, increased happiness. The results of this study suggested that meaning of work is a predictor meaning in life and happness, and meaning in life can be important factor of the relationship between meaning of work and happiness.