• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2020

Since a diesel vehicle scandal related to the 'A' automobile company was issued in the United States in 2015, many countries have been interested in emission defeat devices. Being embedded in some diesel passenger cars sold in Korea, a defeat device for exhaust gas may have influence on both fuel economy and NOx emissions. In order to examine such effects, we carried out laboratory indoor tests as well as real road driving tests using four models of 'A' automobile company which may employ defeat devices. Those tests were performed observing the test modes of FTP-75, HWFET, and NEDC. Although fuel economy and NOx emissions according to indoor tests comply with the suggested tolerance, the findings in the real road driving tests do not satisfy the tolerance. Along with the results provided in this study, further evaluation may be necessary to investigate the noticeable difference between the indoor and real road tests.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.104-110
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• 2009

In this driving simulation study, the impairing effects of various types of electronic devices usage(i. e., destination search by using in-vehicle navigation system, TV watching and dialing cellular phone) during driving on front-to-rear-end collision avoidance were investigated. Percentage of collisions, driving speeds when the drivers collided, and initial reaction time for collision avoidance were analyzed and compared as the dependent measures. The results indicated that (1) any types of electronic devices usage during driving induced more serious collision-related impairment than control condition where no additional task was required, and (2) in general, destination search task appeared to impair drivers collision avoidance performance more than the other task requirements in terms of percentage of collisions and initial reaction time for collision avoidance, but TV watching induced most serious collision impact. These results suggested that any types of electronic device usage could distract drivers attention from the primary task of driving, and be resulted in serious outcome in potentially risky situation of front-to-rear-end collision. In particular, mandatory use of eye-hand coordination and receiving feedback seemed to one of essential factor leading the drivers visual attentional distraction.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.733-739
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• 2004

As per the recent technology related to safety of vehicles, Active safety system is being developed in combination withthe technology of electronic system. For example, ABC(Active Body Control), ABS(Antilock Brake System), ACC(Adaptive Cruise Control) are representative of this system. This technology is based on an electronic system, and shares a lot of data through network-system invehicles. Therefore, the control-algorism and the practicable application are realized in this research in order that CAN, network system for vehicles can run the brake device, which is composed mechanically and hand-operated. Additionally the possibility is confirmed that this control-system can be compatible with the existing electronic system in vehicles.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2013

This study examines thermal safety on three-way catalyst that dominates 70% among whole exhaust gas purification device in 2003. Three-way catalyst maintains high temperature in interior domain but maintains low temperature on outside surface. Therefore this device shows tensile stress on outside surface. Temperature distribution of three-way catalyst was acquired by thermal flow analysis for predicted thermal flow parameter. Thermal stress analysis for three-way catalysis was performed based on this temperature distribution. Thermal safety of three-way catalyst was estimated by strength reduction factor and failure probability.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.355-362
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• 2015

There has been an increase of using Bosch Process to fabricate MEMS Device, TSV, Power chip for straight etching profile. Essentially, the interest of TSV technology is rapidly floated, accordingly the demand of Bosch Process is able to hold the prominent position for straight etching of Si or another wafers. Recently, the process to prevent under etching or over etching using EPD equipment is widely used for improvement of mechanical, electrical properties of devices. As an EPD device, the OES is widely used to find accurate end point of etching. However, it is difficult to maintain the light source from view port of chamber because of contamination caused by ion conflict and byproducts in the chamber. In this study, we adapted the SPOES to avoid lose of signal and detect less open ratio under 1 %. We use 12inch Si wafer and execute the through etching 500um of thickness. Furthermore, to get the clear EPD data, we developed an algorithm to only receive the etching part without deposition part. The results showed possible to find End Point of under 1 % of open ratio etching process.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.21-27
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• 2022

Purpose: This study is about photocatalytic technology and plasma oxidation-reduction technology. To the main cause of exposure to odor pollution, two deodorization techniques were applied to develop a module with higher removal efficiency and ozone reduction effect. Research design, data and methodology: A composite module was constructed by arranging two types of dry deodorization equipment (catalyst, adsorbent) in one module. This method was designed to increase the responsiveness to the components of complex odors and the environment. standard, unity, two types of oxidizing photo-catalyst technology and plasma dry deodorization device installed in one module to increase the potential by reduction to 76% of ozone, 100%, and 82%. Results: The complex odor disposal efficiency was 92%. Ammonia was processed with 50% hydrogen sulfide and 100% hydrogen sulfide, and ozone was 0.01ppm, achieving a target value of 0.07ppm or less. The combined odor showed a disposal efficiency of 93%, ammonia was 82% and hydrogen sulfide was 100% processed, and ozone achieved a target value of 0.07 ppm or less. Conclusions: Ozone removal efficiency was 76% by increasing Oxidation-Reduction Reaction(ORR). The H2S removal efficiency of the deodorizer was higher than that of the biofilter system currently used in sewage disposal plants.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.132-139
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• 2022

The development of the fourth industrial revolution and logistics 4.0 related technology, the growth of the e-commerce market, and the transition to a non-face to face society due to the pandemic are accelerating the growth of the logistics industry. Due to the growth of the logistics industry, various services are emerging to meet the requirements of the market, and research and technology development related to the parcel storage, which is an important element of the last mile service, is also underway. In the past, if it was difficult to deliver the goods directly to the recipient, the parcel storage installed near the delivery location was used, but the usability was not good and the storage of the goods was limited. In addition, the existing parcel storage has a lot of functional limitations compared to the advanced logistics technology, so it is necessary to develop a device that improves it. Therefore, this study conducted to secure safety for unmanned parcel storage devices with robot technology to improve usability and functionality in line with the advanced logistics industry. Based on ISO 10218, an industrial robot related standard, risk identification studies were conducted to derive results that contribute to the development of devices under development.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.158-165
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• 2022

Eco-friendly policies proposed by the government of The Republic of Korea have encouraged the use of eco-friendly vehicles. Hydrogen vehicles have exhibited the highest growth rate, although the current number of registered vehicles is low. In hydrogen vehicles, a thermally activated pressure relief device (TPRD) is installed to prevent explosions in the hydrogen gas cylinder. When discharged due to low ignition energy, hydrogen gas readily forms a jet flame. The risks induced by such jet flames were analyzed through a numerical analysis. Jet flames can activate TPRDs installed in nearby hydrogen gas cylinders. As a result, high-voltage cables exposed in the lower area of a vehicle can ignite within seconds. There was a 9.5-kW/m2 area around the vehicle (which can result in casualties) at a distance of ~5 m from the hydrogen gas cylinder, and a 37.5-kW/m2 area (which can cause significant damage) in the form of an inverted triangle toward the lower section of the vehicle. We believe that the risk factors analyzed herein should be considered for addressing accidents in hydrogen vehicles.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.199-213
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• 2022

EN ISO 14971:2012 a risk management standard approved and applied as a European standard in 2012, will be adopted and applied as ISO 14971:2019 published in December 2019, ISO/TR 24971(Guidance) published in June 2020 from May 2022. After that, it is applied to IVDD surveillance and IVDR new and conversion, and the manufacturer is already preparing for application or is starting preparation for application. In addition, 98/78/EEC IVDD applied from 1998 will also be applied as REGULATION (EU) 2017/746 IVDR from May 2022. In particular, in IVDR, the requirements for post-marketing investigations such as Post Market Surveillance (PMS), Summary of safety and performance(SSP), Periodic Safety Update Report(PSUR) and Post Market Performance Follow Up(PMPF), which were not required in the existing IVDD, increased, and the contents were also specified. This study focused on ISO14971:2019 among these strengthened and newly applied regulations, and tried to present a detailed analysis and application plan of Post Market Surveillance (PMS) required by 2017/746 IVDR.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2024

Background/Aims: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a life-threatening condition that necessitates early identification and intervention and is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden. However, several diagnostic challenges remain regarding risk stratification and the optimal timing of endoscopy. The PillSense System is a noninvasive device developed to detect blood in patients with UGIB in real time. This study aimed to assess the safety and performance characteristics of PillSense using a simulated bleeding model. Methods: A preclinical study was performed using an in vivo porcine model (14 animals). Fourteen PillSense capsules were endoscopically placed in the stomach and blood was injected into the stomach to simulate bleeding. The safety and sensitivity of blood detection and pill excretion were also investigated. Results: All the sensors successfully detected the presence or absence of blood. The minimum threshold was 9% blood concentration, with additional detection of increasing concentrations of up to 22.5% blood. All the sensors passed naturally through the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the ability of the PillSense System sensor to detect UGIB across a wide range of blood concentrations. This ingestible device detects UGIB in real time and has the potential to be an effective tool to supplement the current standard of care. These favorable results will be further investigated in future clinical studies.