• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2015

Rutin is an important bioflavonoid that is consumed in the daily diet. This study compared the functional components of rutin from various silkworm species using a gene database with those of rutin produced by silkworms selectively bred through cross-combinations. We made comparisons between the geographical origin and species of silkworm using a gene database and discovered that rutin activity was ranked in the following order by species, Chinese (C5)> miscellaneous varieties (Jamsaeng 1 Ho) >Japanese (Jam 115) > European (E58) >Korean (Sun 3 ho). However, rutin levels with respect to various genetic traits (blood color, silk color, and egg color) were consistent. In order to study rutin changes that occurred during the cross breeding of the silkworm gene, we bred cross-combinations utilizing Jam 115 and the 4051 silkworms. In conclusion, in order to provide information about the constituents of functional materials contained in silkworm powder, it is imperative that silkworm cross breeding occurs so that the database of functional materials extracted from silkworms will expand.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.877-886
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• 2019

Brewing with buckwheat as an ingredient has been proven to be successful in several previous studies. However, few studies have focused on the effects of buckwheat on the rutin content and antioxidant activity of beer. In order to develop a lager beer with high rutin content and desirable sensory characteristics, tartary buckwheat malt was used as a brewing adjunct. The results showed that the rutin-degrading enzyme was the key factor affecting the rutin content in the wort and beer. Compared to beer made using the common mashing method, the rutin content in the buckwheat beers produced using an improved mashing method was approximately 60 times higher. The total flavonoid contents in buckwheat beers also depended strongly on the mashing methods, ranging from 530.75 to 1,704.68 mg QE/l. The rutin-rich beers also showed better oxidative stability during forced-aging. Meanwhile, the buckwheat beers were found to be acceptable in terms of the main quality attributes, flavor, and taste.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.481-491
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• 2018

Allergic asthma is one of the most enduring diseases of the airway. The T-helper cells and regulatory T-cells are critically involved in inflammatory responses, mucus hypersecretion, airway remodelling and in airway hyper-responsiveness. Cigarette smoke (CS) has been found to aggravate inflammatory responses in asthma. Though currently employed drugs are effective, associated side effects demand identification and development of novel drugs with negligible or no adverse effects. Rutin, plant-derived flavonoid has been found to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the ability of rutin to modulate T-cells and inhibit inflammation in experimentally-induced asthma in cigarette smoke exposed mice. Separate groups of neonatal mice were exposed to CS for 10 days from post-natal days 2 to 11. After 2 weeks, the mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA). Treatment group were given rutin (37.5 or 75 mg/kg body weight) during OVA sensitization and challenge. Rutin treatment was found to significantly inhibit cellular infiltration in the airways and Th2 and Th17 cytokine levels as well. Flow cytometry revealed effectively raised $CD4^+CD25^+Fox3^+$ Treg cells and supressed Th17 cell population on rutin treatment. Airway hyper-responsiveness observed following CS and OVA challenge were inhibited by rutin. $NF-{\kappa}B$ and iNOS, chief regulators of inflammatory responses robustly activated by CS and OVA were down-regulated by rutin. Rutin also inhibited the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9, thereby aiding in prevention of airway remodelling in asthma thereby revealing to be a potent candidate in asthma therapy.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.242-245
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• 2003

좋은 아미노산 조성의 단백질과 높은 식이섬유 함량을 비롯한 좋은 영양조성을 가지고 있어 건강기능식품의 재료로 주목을 받고 있는 메밀에는 항산화효과, 혈압강하작용 등에 효과가 있는 것으로 알려진 rutin이라는 flavonol 배당체가 많이 함유되어 있다. 홍국의 제조에 쓰이는 Monascus속 곰팡이는 cholesterol 생합성 저해효과를 나타내는 monacolin K라는 대사산물을 생산하는 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구에서는 두가지 성분을 모두 함유한 건강기능식품의 제조를 위해 도정메밀과 발아시킨 도정메밀을 이용한 홍국을 제조하여 두가지 성분의 변화를 검토하였다. 도정메밀의 발아에 따른 rutin 함량은 초기에 약간 감소하였으나 싹의 길이에 비례하여 증가했고, 홍국균의 증식이 메밀에 함유된 rutin 함량에는 영양을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 발아시킨 도정메밀로 제조한 홍국의 monacolin K 함량은 발아시키지 않은 도정메밀에서 보다 낮게 나타났으며, 메밀 싹 길이의 증가에 따라 monacolin K 함량은 점차 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 발아시킨 메밀을 이용한 홍국의 제조에서는 발아에서 오는 탄소원 및 영양분 감소가 홍국균의 증식에 영향을 주어 monacolin K의 함량을 떨어뜨리는 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2010

Korean Sophora japonica has been found to posses an anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, Korean Sophora japonica extract, rutin, was used to know whether rutin inhibits to produce inflammatory mediators NO and TNF-$\alpha$ from the mouse peritoneal macrophages that were treated an inflammatory agent LPS. The rutin-1 hr pretreated macrophages were incubated with LPS for 0.5~5 hrs, and then collected the supernatant and the cell lysate for measurements of the level of iNOS, NO, TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA, TNF-$\alpha$, and p-NF-${\kappa}B$. Minimal and maximal effective doses of the rutin on them were 1 and $100{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. The maximal effective dose of rutin certainly inhibted the productions of iNOS, NO, TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA, TNF-$\alpha$and p-NF-${\kappa}B$ from the LPS-treated macrophages (p<0.0001). Its $ED_{50}$ for inhibition of TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA and p-NF-${\kappa}B$ was $5{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, and for iNOS, NO, and TNF-$\alpha$ was $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. The rutin did not have any cytotoxic effect. As the results, the Sophora japonica rutin could be a good candidate for an anti-inflammatory action.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.259-265
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• 2019

This study was designed to investigate the effects of alpha-glucosyl rutin (G-rutin) and its comparative effects with other antioxidants (glutathione: GSH, catalase: CATA and beta-mercaptoethanol : ${\beta}ME$) on dog sperm freezing. In the first experiment (E1), the spermatozoa were diluted in freezing extender supplemented with 0 (control), 0.001, 0.01, or 0.1% G-rutin and frozen using liquid nitrogen ($LN_2$). The progressive motility, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and apoptosis of spermatozoa were assessed after sperm thawing at $37^{\circ}C$ for 25 sec. In the second experiment (E2), 0.1% G-rutin group was compared with 10 mM ${\beta}-ME$, $5{\mu}M$ GSH and $50{\mu}M$ CATA groups by assaying progressive motility, viability and gene expression of Bcl-2 and SMCP after sperm freezing and thawing. In E1, 0.1% G-rutin group showed higher (P < 0.05) post-thaw progressive motility and lower (P < 0.05) ROS levels. In E2, the expressions of SMCP in G-rutin group were higher (P < 0.05) than in CATA group while Bcl-2 expression of G-rutin group was higher (P < 0.05) than ${\beta}-ME$ and CATA groups. However, there were no significant differences in progressive motility and viability. Therefore, we suggest that G-rutin can be used as a potentially antioxidative supplement in dog sperm freezing extender on the basis of gene expression related to motility and apoptosis as well as ROS level.

• 폴리머
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.347-355
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 항산화제인 quercetin과 그 배당체인 rutin의 피부 흡수를 증진시키기 위한 전달체로 다공성 셀룰로오스 하이드로젤을 제조하였고 그 특성을 연구하였다. Quercetin과 rutin을 위한 최적의 하이드로젤을 가교제인 12% epichlorohydrin(ECH)과 2% 셀룰로오스를 반응용액으로 하여 만들었다. 플라보노이드 함유 하이드로젤의 방출 실험에서, quercetin의 방출은 $10{\sim}500{\mu}M$ 농도에서 확산 속도에 영향을 받았으나, rutin의 경우는 비교적 낮은 농도($10{\sim}50{\mu}M$)에서 하이드로젤의 침식에 의한 방출이 지배적이었다. 플라보노이드에 대한 하이드로젤의 포집효율과 방출량은 quercetin보다도 rutin에서 모두 크게 나타났다. 하지만, Franz diffusion cell을 이용한 피부 투과 실험에서 quercetin이 rutin보다 1.2배나 더 큰 피부 투과능을 나타냈다. 플라보노이드 함유 하이드로젤은 대조군인 20% 1,3-butylene glycol phosphate buffer에서보다도 더 큰 경피 투과능을 나타내었다. 이 결과들은 난용성 항산화제인 플라보노이드의 피부 흡수 증진 전달체로서 셀룰로오스 다공성 하이드로젤이 이용 가능성이 있음을 시사한다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1101-1108
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• 2020

타타리메밀은 rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin 등의 플라보노이드를 함유하고 있는 곡물이다. 또한, 이러한 생리활성 물질은 곡물을 발아시키고 싹으로 재배하였을 경우 증가하는 경향을 가지게 된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 반응표면분석법을 활용하여 재배한 타타리메밀싹으로부터 생리활성 물질인 플라보노이드, rutin, quercetin, myricetin의 추출 함량이 최대로 되는 최적추출조건을 도출하였다. Box-Behnken design에 따라 함량에 영향을 끼칠 수 있는 독립변수로 추출온도(X1, 50~70℃), 추출시간(X2, 5~9 hr), 에탄올의 농도(X3, 60~90%)를 설정하였고, 종속변수로는 rutin, quercetin, myricetin 각각의 함량을 사용하였다. 각각의 함량에 대한 모델식의 R2은 0.95 이상으로 유의성을 가져 적합하다고 판단되었다. 적합성 결여 test에서의 p-value가 모두 0.1 이상을 나타내어 유의성이 기각되었고, 이는 모델이 추출조건을 잘 설명할 수 있음을 나타내었다. 최적화된 추출 방법은 추출온도 51.03℃에서 6.62시간 동안 69.16%의 에탄올을 이용하여 추출하는 것이었다. 최적 조건에서의 예측된 rutin, quercetin, myricetin의 함량은 각각 808.467, 193.296, 37.361 ㎍/ml이었다. 예상된 모델을 검증하기 위하여 최적화된 추출조건을 이용하여 10회 추출을 진행한 결과, rutin, quercetin, myricetin 함량이 각각 802.84±8.49 ㎍/ml, 193.76±2.80 ㎍/ml, 34.84±0.43 ㎍/ml으로 측정되었다 rutin과 quercetin는 예측치와 실험치가 유의적 차이를 보이지 않았지만, myricetin의 경우에는 예상된 값에 조금 미치지 못하는 값이 측정되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제41권spc1호
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• pp.69-93
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• 1996

In Korea, buckwheat has historically held a very important position because it has been used as a food and traditional medicine. The objectives of this report were to mainly review the up to present papers includings 75 references about buckwheat's rutin, functional ingredients and their variations. Buckwheat provides an abundance of such nutrition as protein, amino acids, vitamin($B_1,\;B_2$, E, P), minerals(Fe, Zn, Mn, Mg, P, Cu, Ca, Se) and dietary fiber. Buckwheat's essential amino acid, lysine, is notably higher amount than cereals. Rutin(vitamin P), one of a group of flavonoids, is abundant in buckwheat and noted for its beneficial function of reducing every kinds of radiation and vascular diseases, diabetes mellitis and retinal hemorrhage, etc. Rutin also acts as a pigment stabilizer and acetone extracts of buckwheat have a potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.271-271
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• 2017

Tartary buckwheat is known for its high rutin (quercetin 3-rutinoside) content which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic effects. The buckwheat tea which is popular in Korea, is dependent on the quality of applied processing methods (steaming, dehuling, and roasting). This study focused on the evaluation of changes in rutin and anti-oxidant contents during the processing of tartary buckwheat tea. Raw tartary buckwheat seeds contains the highest quantities of rutin (2,212 mg/100 g D.W.). Soaking in water and steaming the whole seeds of tartary buckwheat significantly decreased its rutin and quercetin contents. Whereas the contents of rutin and quercetin in dehulled groats increased after steaming. The process of roasting with $70-80^{\circ}C$ for 2-3 min significantly decreased the contents of rutin (992 mg/100 g D.W.) and quercetin (12.8 mg/100 g D.W.). In the processing of tartary buckwheat tea, rutin content dropped about 45% in comparison with raw whole seeds.