• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.23-31
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• 2009

Jecheon is a place of Korean Medicine with many historical characters, medical tales and cultures. One of the most renowned characters is Lee Gong Gi(李公沂), a 扈聖功臣 (title given to the 86 people that escorted king Seonjo during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592) at the level of Huh Jun(許浚) and famous royal physician of Joseon who served King Seonjo and reached the highest position of chief physician. He was recognized for his talent as a royal physician and was conferred with the title of 扈聖功臣 Rank 3 after attending on King Seonjo during the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. Despite the fact that he was a renowned man of medicine, he didn't get as much attention as 許浚 or Yang Ye Soo(楊禮壽) because documents on his work had not been studied. In this study, the author was able to study Lee Gong Gi(李公沂) based on documents such as "朝鮮王朝實錄(True Record of the Joseon Dynasty)", "內醫院先生案(Naeeuiwonseonsengan)", "醫科先生案(Euigwaseonsengan)" and on "避難行錄(Pinanhengrok)" by Yakpo Jeongtak (1526~1605) who was a govemmental pharmacist at the time of Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592. According to "內醫院先生案" and "醫科先生案", Lee Gong Gi's son Lee Young Nam followed his father's footsteps and became the chief royal pharmacist and 崇政大夫(one of the governmental titles of Joseon Dynasty). As for Jecheon's Korean medical traditions, many forms of medical tales and cultures are preserved such as the tales of Neokgogae, Mountain Ami's medical water cave, Otmaru and Seonsimgol. These tales are divided into various types of great doctors, medical herbs and devoted sons and have been passed down With the origin of traditional medicine still intact. Moreover, ancient documents and artifacts on Traditional Korean Medicine that reflect the area's medical culture have been discovered. Not only is Jecheon a place of medical culture but along with Jecheon Drug Market it also carries on the tradition of medical herbs production and possesses the largest new medical herbs market in Korea. In conclusion, Jecheon is a traditional place of Korean Medicine with many medical cultures and characters from a unique history.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.11-22
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• 2008

The prime minister(樞密相公) Choi jongjun writes"Eouichwaryobang(御醫撮要方)"A.D. 1226 that is a Goryeo Period (A.D.$918{\sim}1392$). But today that has vanished, now. Inspite of the important worth of that book in Korea Traditional Medicine, there is no study about writer. So I research all the historical source about him. And I confront a historical source with the era for making a chronological table of Choi jongjun. I beliebe this survey make a great contribution towards the historical research of KTM. Now to conclude, In A.D. 1226, Choi Jongjun was Jung chuwonbusa(中樞院副使) or Chumseowonsa(簽書院事).

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

Park Tae Won is one of the physicians that participated in the treatment of King Injo in "承政院日記(Seungjeongwonilgi, official records of incidents during the Joseon Dynasty)". The purpose of this study is to look into the forms of actual medical treatment, social status and activities of the physicians at that time by organizing Park Tae Won's records as a physician and his other works. Park Tae Won was originally an acupuncturist for the royal medical department but he performed other activities such as actual diagnosis and drug prescriptions. More concretely it seems that he used methods mentioned in "鍼灸經驗方(Chimgugyungjeonbang)". Park Tae Won held concurrent positions as royal physician as well as provincial governor. It is suspected that physicians were named provincial governors of metropolitan areas so that they could be brought in immediately when in need and so that the capital centered medical service could be distributed to other provinces. We can also presume that the appointment of physicians as provincial governors was part of the government policy to efficiently distribute aid to the common people. From this study we can conclude that the physicians of that time did not commit solely to their jobs but also held important social positions that led the Joseon society.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.25-34
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• 2011

Gang Myeong-gil(康命吉) wrote Jejung sinpyeon(濟衆新編), one of three major medical books produced in the latter half of the Joseon Period. Jejung sinpyeon, edited at the behest of King Jeongjo, was intended to overcome the shortcomings of the then best medical book, Donguibogam(東醫寶鑑), and to update medical knowledge in a bid to spread that knowledge widely to the general public. Jejung sinpyeon contains the life and medical theories of the physician Gang Myeong-gil. In order to examine Gang Myeong-gil's life and medical theories, which influenced the edition and characteristics of Jejung sinpyeon, this paper studies his family lineage, medical records and the editorial characteristics of Jejun sinpyeon. Gang Myeong-gil and his ancestors served in government medical offices for some 200 years, and Gang Myeong-gil himself served as a physician at Naeuiwon for thirty years. His descendants also served as physicians upon passing the state-administered examination. Gang Myeong-gil preferred to prescribe drugs, and this inclination led him to include Yakseongga in Jejung sinpyeon, and he took an open and practical attitude towards the editing of the book. This approach is supported by the chapter on experience-based prescriptions in Jejung sinpyeon and the prescriptions of the Royal Infirmary, thus revealing his humanitarian and open thinking on medicine.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.45-57
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• 2022

This paper examines the positions and personnel of the Naeui system in the late Joseon Dynasty. First, the regulations of the Naeui system were investigated through the literature related to Naeuiwon. Next, the operation of the regulations, changes in the system, and causes were analyzed through the Seungjeongwon Diary (承政院日記). We discovered: 1) Naeuiwon's medical bureaucracy originally did not have a fixed number of positions, but gradually came into being with a quota regulation. Uiyagdongcham-ui (議藥同參醫) and Naechim-ui (內鍼醫) did not have a quota, but was initially set at 10 people, then expanded to 12 people. Originally, the royal physician had no fixed number, and in 1864 the first quota was 7 people. 2) 'Gyeom-eoui' and 'gachanaeui' served to expand Naeui's quota. After the mid-17th century, 'Gyeom-eoui' expanded the quota of royal physicians to secure a position for the medical bureaucracy of Naeuiwon. 'Gachanae' after King Jeongjo serves to add to the quota while obeying the provisions of the law. 3) The customary promotion of Naeuiwon's medical bureaucracy expanded and became stricter after the mid-19th century, during which special promotions became more frequent than in previous periods. As for the provision of appointment to the 6th class after 30 months, Uiyagdongcham-ui was established in 1686 and Naechim-ui was established in 1718, increasing the chance for customary promotion. In the case of Naeui, the regulation for the Secretary General to raise the degree of official rank has been strengthened since the Cheoljong era. However, special promotions were frequent in the mid-19th century because the number of high-ranking officers increased compared to the previous period. In conclusion, the Naeui system in the late Joseon Dynasty changed in the direction of strengthening their own privileges. The Naeuiwon's quota was increased and promotion was guaranteed through the system and customs. Since the mid-18th century, there have been some regulatory restrictions, but the framework has not changed. This is confirmed not only in the regulations of the documents related to the Naeuiwon, but also in the Seungjeongwon Diary. Naeuiwon's medical bureaucracy enjoyed superiority in promotion and status compared to other forms of technical bureaucracy.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.1041-1045
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• 2013

The xTAG$^{(R)}$ Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel (GPP) is a multiplexed molecular test for 15 gastrointestinal pathogens. The sensitivity and specificity of this test were assessed in 901 stool specimens collected from pediatric and adult patients at four clinical sites. A combination of conventional and molecular methods was used as comparator. Sensitivity could be determined for 12 of 15 pathogens and was 94.3% overall. The specificity across all 15 targets was 98.5%. Testing for the pathogen identified was not requested by the physician in 65% of specimens. The simultaneous detection of these 15 pathogens can provide physicians with a more comprehensive assessment of the etiology of diarrheal disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.562-575
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• 2013

Century-old nutrition and health concepts can be revived and applied in the modern age in the forms of newly developed menus, recipes, and lifestyle education. Current medical nutrition therapy concepts were first described in the Chosun Dynasty (1392-1897) in Korea based on the philosophy that food and medicine originate from the same source, which is known as 'food as medicine'. Recognizing the importance of culture, tradition, local diet, and lifestyle on health and medical nutrition therapy, we tried to rediscover traditional Korean approaches towards food consumption and nutrition through systematic review of the literature and developed contemporary menus accordingly. The medical nutrition therapy prescriptions described in 'Shikryochanyo' (1460) by the Chosun Dynasty's royal physician Soonyi Jeao cover 45 different diseases. In this project, we developed contemporary menus for those disease models that are most prevalent in modern society. Menus developed with foods that are readily available today were evaluated for their nutritional content and adequacy using a computer-aided nutritional analysis program (CAN pro 3.0, developed by the Korean Nutrition Society for comparison with RDA for Koreans). Therefore, century-old nutrition and health concepts can be revived and applied in modern society as newly developed menus recipes and lifestyle education.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.63-74
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• 2021

Objectives :This paper analyzes the newly discovered manuscripts of the Sanghanjijangdo(傷寒指掌圖). A bibliographic study was carried out to examine the contents and the background of publication. Methods : First, a bibliographical analysis of the Joseon text was conducted. Next, the contents of the composition were compared with the Yuanand early Ming publications of China. Results : 1. The Joseon publication was published based on the original publication from the Yuan period. The Sanghanjijangdo has been cited in several medical texts from early Joseon such as the Euibangyuchwi and Hyangyakjipseongbang. 3. The background for publication of the Sanghanjijangdo is as following. First, it is an introductory text for beginners of Shanghan[cold damage] studies. Second, its contents do not conflict with the specialized Shanghan text that was used as the textbook for the royal physician examination. Third, it contains many Shanghan formulas that could be composed of domestic drugs only. Conclusions : The Sanghanjijangdo could be described as an introductory text for beginners of Shanghan studies that contributed to the expansion of the base of Shanghan studies in 15c mid-Joseon. Publication of this book clearly shows that Shanghan studies in early Joseon was practiced within the scopes of practicality and localization of medicinals.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1-25
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• 2021

Objectives : This paper analyzes the exam paper titled, 'Is Traditional Chinese Medicine Just an Art?' of the Yixuetongzong(醫学統宗) to provide basis for research on regional physicians' examination in the Ming period. Methods : Cross examination, interpretation and content analysis of the exam paper were carried out. Results : This document is the examination paper that He Jian(何柬) submitted past the age of 40 at a regional examination for physicians that took place at the Duxue Wenyuan which is presumed to have been a regional education institute for medicine in Nanjing. While he had experience in anatomy, having been an army doctor when he was young, and was an experienced doctor who was an expert in acupuncture, it seems his goal to become a medical official at the royal medical center failed. He accumulated knowledge and experience as a Confucian doctor for more than 25 years under his teacher Pan Xiquan. It is unclear whether he had been educated at the regional medical education institute. Conclusion : The regional physicians' examination during the Ming period promoted test takers to learn both medical and Confucian knowledge quite thoroughly.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.89-99
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• 2022

The figures listed under the title of 'Photo Insert' in 『HanBangEuiYakGye』 No.2 are all those who were engaged in East Asian medicine, but they can be divided into several groups depending on the areas in which they were more focused. First, he served as a royal physician at the end of the Joseon Dynasty, or was an oriental medical doctor with outstanding medical skills during the family service. Second, he is an East Asian medicine doctor who established a school for Korean medicine education or conducted various academic activities. Third, he is an East Asian medical doctor who worked hard to lead a group of East Asian medical doctors by organizing Korean medical doctors. Looking at the reality of the oppression of ethnic medicine committed by the Japanese colonial government, they continued to seek a way to live in national medicine, which played a major role in continuing the existence of Korean medicine without destroying it. In this paper, we analyzed the 13 Korean medical doctors introduced in the "Photo Insertion" and examined the activities of modern and contemporary East Asian medical doctors.