• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.321-332
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• 2007

Objectives : Anticancer and immune-modulating effects of several Korean medical prescriptions including Yukgunja-tang, Bohwa-tang, Sogam-Won, and Kamiboa-tang were investigated. Methods : In vitro anti-cancer effects were measured by cytotoxicity MTT assay using SNU-1 gastric cancer cell lines, In vivo anti-cancer effects were measured by increased life span of S-180 sarcoma-injected ICR mouse. Immune-modulating effects were analyzed by measuring hemagglutinin titer, appearance of rosette forming cells, lymphocyte proliferation, and phagocytic index in methotrexate-pretreated mice. Results : In vitro assay showed that only Sogam-won showed cytotoxic effect with $IC_{50}$ of 87.9 ${\mu}g/ml$. All other prescriptions showed no cytotoxic effects against SNU-1 gastric cancer cell line. However, in vivo assay showed that Sogam-won showed lowest anti-cancer effects in contrast to its highest cytotoxic effects, Kamiboa-tang, which showed no cytotoxic effect, showed the highest in vivo anticancer effects, with increased life span of 140%. Kamiboa-tang showed significant immune-enhancing activities by significantly increasing rosette forming cells, lymphocyte proliferation, and phagocytic index in methotrexate-pretreated mice (P<0.05). Conclusion : The anticancer effect of Kamiboa-tang is not mediated by direct inhibition of cancer cells but is mediated by improving immune reactions against cancer cells.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.117-124
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• 1986

The present study was undertaken to evaluate rosette formation and NK activity of splenic lymphocytes in 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA) treated mice. Mice were sensitized iv with 0.1ml of 1% sheep red blood cell (SRBC) suspension were treated with a single ip injection of olive oil alone or with different doses of MCA in oil at various time before or after sensitization, and were challenged at 4 days after SRBC. Rosette formation and NK activity of splenic lymphocytes were measured at 24 hours after challenge. Erythrocyte(E) rosette formation of splenic lymphocytes was significantly depressed in mouse treated with large dose of MCA (5~50mg) regardless of injecting time. But, there was no difference in the response between the treated with small dose of MCA (0.5mg). Whereas erythrocyte-antibody(EA) rosette or erythrocyte-antibody-complement(EAC) rosette forming cells were significantly depressed by MCA. Under small dose of MCA (0.5mg), any difference of NK activity was not observed in all course of injecting time. But, under large dose of MCA, the activity was markedly inhibited to about half the values seen in control and this suppression was transient, resulting that the normal level was reached again 19 days after MCA. These results, which conform with the predictions of immunosuppression hypothesis, suggest that MCA inhibits immunological responses including NK activity and thereby allows the outgrowth of antigenic neoplastic cells.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.253-258
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• 1987

The erythrocytes(E) rosette forming capacity of peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBL) in Korean native cattle was determined with 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide(AET) and dextran(Dex)-treated sheep erythrocytes(SRBC). To further standardize the assay, optimum concentration of AET and/or Dex-treatment and incubation time for rosette forming cell(RFC) counts were determined. In untreated SRBC resuspended in the rosetting medium(RPMI 1640 containing 10% FCS), PBL from 7 animals formed low percentage of rosettes($7.8{\pm}6.0%$). Both AET and Dex treatment not only enhanced the rosette formation but also made it easy to enumerate rosettes by increasing numbers of SRBC attached on them. SRBC treated with 0.1M AET for 20 min or 8% Dex formed the highest percentages of rosettes, ($35.7{\pm}6.0%$ and $48.3{\pm}4.7%$, respectively) and were used in subsequent studies. With SRBC treated with 0.1M AET for 20 min and suspended in 8% Dex, the maximum RFC observed were $56.6{\pm}6.8%$ in female and $65.8{\pm}6.3%$ in male and the rates of RFC did not change significantly between 3 and 20 hr incubation time at ${4^{\circ}C}$.

• 약학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.348-364
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• 1990

The activities of twenty-one flavonoids and their related compounds on the hypersensitivity reaction against various antigens were studied in vitro and in vivo. 1. Generally flavonoids inhibited significantly the homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) induced by reaginic antibody as compared as anaphylaxis by compound 48/80-induced mast cell degranulation, and so more strongly active in the IgE-mediated anaphylaxis than non-IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. 2. Flavonids inhibited remarkably Arths reaction, hemolysin titer, delayed hypersensitivity, haemagglutinin titer, rosette forming cells and plague forming cells against sheep red blood cells, and so it exhibited that flavonoids inhibited type 2, 3 and 4 hypersensitivity. 3. Quercetin, kaempferol, hesperetin, disodium cromoglycate, malvin and baicalein were active dose-dependently in the all types of hypersensitivity. Fisetin, daidzein, morin, narigin, flavone, catechin, rutin, hesperidin, neophsperidin, apigenin and chrysin were significantly active in the various types of hypersensitivity, but apigenin, rutin and catechin were less active in the delayed hypersensitivity. Taxifolin was significantly active in PCA and histamine-induced anaphylaxis except other types of hypersensitivity. Rotenone and cyanin also inhibited all types of hypersensitivity, but they are toxic. 4. Based on these results from hypersensitivity, the following flavonoid structure-activity relationships became apparent. 1) Flavonoids with $C_{2-3}$ double bond in C-ring were more active than that of $C_{2-3}$ saturation. 2) Flavonoids with $C_4$ ketone group in C-ring were more active than abscence of them except catechin and malvin. 3) Flavonoids with benzene ring at positions 2 or 3 in C-ring exhibited same activities. 4) Flavonoids with opening of the C-ring does not abolish their activities. 5) The glycosylated flavonoids in position 3 or 7 was less active than their aglycone. 6) Flavonoids with the more hydroxy group in A and B-ring were more active. 7) Flavonoids with or without $C_3-OH$ did not change their activities.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.189-209
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• 2007

Objectives : In order to study the effect of Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang on the immune response induced by methotrexate in mice. Method : Delayed type of hypersensitivity, hemagglutinin titer, hemolysin titer, rosette forming cells, phagocytic activity for immune response, lymphocyte transformation, and productivity of Interleukin-2 were measured. Results : Body weight decreasing was significantly inhibited as compared with control group in both the Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang groups. Delayed type of hypersensitivity was significantly increased as compared with control group in both groups Hemagglutinin titer was significantly increased as compared with control group in both groups. Hemolysin titer was significantly increased as compared with control group in the Okbyoungpoongsangamibang group. Rosette forming cells were significantly increased as compared with control group in both groups. Phagocytic activity for immune response was slightly decreased in the Dangkwiyughwangtang group and slightly increased in the Okbyoungpoongsangamibang group insignificantly as compared with the control group. Lymphocyte transformation was significantly increased as compared with the control group in both the Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang groups. Productivity of Interleukin-2 was significantly increased as compared with the control group in both the Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang groups. Conclusion : Both the Dangkwiyughwangtang and Okbyoungpoongsangamibang groups enhance immunity in mice.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제4권1_2호
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• pp.19-26
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• 1989

Experiments were performed on rats to investigate the effect of doses of capsaicin on the immune response. Olive oil and the 0.3 mg, 1.0 mg and 3.0 mg/kg administration of capsaicin in olive oil were injected intraperitoneally every day for 4 weeks. Rats were sensitized and challenged with sheep red blood cells (S-RBC). Immune responses were evaluated by organ weight, HA and HY titer, Arthus reaction, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and Rosette froming cell. Following results have observed. 1) The weight of spleen and thymus were increased by doses of compared with control group, but the body weight of rats was decreased. 2) HA titer, Arthus reaction and DTH were significntly decreased by doses of capsaicin as compared with control group. 3) Rosette forming cell in spleen cells was decreased according to the increase of capsaicin doses. These results suggested that high dose of capsaicin decrease humoral and cellular immune response in rats.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.301-306
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• 1994

This study was planned to estimate the activity of bovine circulating blood lymphocytes using phytohemagglutinin-M(PHA) known as T cell mitogen. Bovine circulating blood mononuclear cells(MNCs) was separated, and cultured with or without macrophage($PHA^+/M{\phi}^+$ or $PHA^+/M{\phi}^-$) in conditioned medium which stimulated with various concentration of PHA(0, 5, 10, 15 and $20{\mu}g/ml$ in medium), and then investigated the blastogenic response and rosette formation of lymphocytes. Blastogenic rate(BR) was especially increased in PHA concentration(10 and $15{\mu}g/ml$) of $PHA^+/M{\phi}^+$ group and their BR were $41.5{\pm}6.8%$ and $44.4{\pm}8.9%$, respectively and BR in PHA concentration(15 and $20{\mu}g/ml$) of $PHA^+/M{\phi}^-$ group was $32.8{\pm}6.2%$ and $31.4{\pm}4.6%$, respectively. BR of lymphocytes was more increased in $PHA^+/M{\phi}^+$ than $PHA^+/M{\phi}^-$ group when these cells were stimulated by PHA. Rosette forming rate(RFR) of lymphocytes to SRBC highly increased when SRBC was treated with AET and/or dextran, respectively. On the orther hand, RFR significantly increased more in $PHA^+/M{\phi}^+$ and $PHA^+/M{\phi}^-$ group than in control group, but when compared with two groups, statistical significancy was recognized only in PHA concentration($15{\mu}g/ml$, p<0.026) of $PHA^+/M{\phi}^+$ group.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.777-783
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• 1995

A monoclonal antibody(MAb), KCT-23ER, with specificity for E-rosetted T cells of Korean native cattle was prepared by cell hybridization of myeloma P3/NS-1/1-Ag-4-1 and spleen cells from BALB/c mice hyperimmunized with E-rosetted lymphocytes. The isotype of KCT-23ER to T lymphocytes was mouse $IgG_{2b}$. KCT-23ER was reacted with 53.6% to peripheral blood lymphocytes and with 67.8% to nylon wool nonadherent blood lymphocytes. And it was reacted with 72.2%, 59.2% and 35.3% to thymocytes, prescapular lymph node cells and splenocytes, respectively. Immunocytological reactive rates to E-rosetted and non-E-rosetted cells were 72.5% and 22.4%, respectively. These results indicated that KCT-23ER reacted to E-rosetted cells was one of the MAb for investigate of $CD_2$ receptor positive cell subset in the Korean native cattle.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.175-179
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• 1992

돼지(n=22) 순환혈액내 단핵세포(PB-MNCs)중 T 및 B 림프구를 정량하고자 rosette 형성기법을 적용하였다. T 림프구는 여러 농도의 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide(Aet)나 dextran(Dex) 용액 또는 Aet와 Dex로 조합 처리된 면양(SRBC) 및 재래산양(GRBC)의 적혈구를 사용한 E-rosette 법으로, B 림프구는 erythrocyeantibody(EA) 및 erythrocyte-antibody-complement(EAC) rosette 법으로 각각 정량하였다. 한편 rosette 형성세포의 냉장정치시간에 따른 판독결과를 비교하여 적정판독시간대를 구명한 바 아래의 결과를 얻었다. 1. PB-MNCs와 SRBC/GRBC와의 자연 rosette형성을(RFR)은$ 32.9{\pm}7.9%/31.3{\pm}9.4%$인데 비하여 Aet 또는 Dex 처리군에서는 모두 증가되었고 특히 0.15M Aet$(40.2{\pm}4.6%/37.0{\pm}3.3%)$ 및 8% Dex$(71.5{\pm}4.5%/69.9{\pm}5.8%)$ 처리군에서 각각 높게 나타났다. 한편 0.1M Aet처리후 8% Dex 첨가군에서는 $67.8{\pm}7.4%$ 및 $69.8{\pm}8.5%$로 나타나 복잡한 Aet와 Dex를 복합처리하기 보다는 8% Dex 단독처리가 간편함을 알 수 있었다. 2. Rosette 형성세포의 냉장보관중 최적판독시간대는 10~20시간의 범위이었다. 3. EA 및 EAC의 RFR은 SRBC의 경우 $39.1{\pm}10.2%$, $27.6{\pm}7.0%$, GRBC의 경우 $32.6{\pm}6.1%$, $21.0{\pm}3.2%$로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 돼지 PB-MNCs내의 T 및 B 림프구를 rosette 형성법으로 분리할 수 있으며 rosette assay에서 SRBC 뿐아니라 GRBC의 이용이 가능함을 제시한다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1997

This study was done to know the effects of the water extracts of Gyogamdan(GGD) on the function of macrophages, the most important cells of the innate immune system, and the rosette forming ability of splenocytes in the mouse under stress. The effects of GGD on the immunosuppression induced by noise stress are as follows. 1. Administration of GGD water extracts normalized the bo요 weight which might be decreased by noise stress. 2. Administration of GGD water extracts increased the production of the such reactive oxygen intermediates as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide from macrophsges in vivo & in vitro which were decreased by noise stress. 3. Administration of GGS water extracts did not affect the production of reactive nitrogen intermediates. 4. Administration of GGD water extracts increased the rosette forming ability of splenocytes which was decreased by noise stress. The above effects of GGD might be useful for the treatment of stress-induced infections diseases which could be caused by the suppression of immune responeses which are initiated by the functions of macrophages of the innate immune system.