• 제목/요약/키워드: root growth rate

검색결과 1,009건 처리시간 0.025초

Effects of Angelica sinensis Root on Longitudinal Bone Growth Rate in Adolescent Female Rats

  • Lee, Donghun;Kim, Hocheol
    • 대한본초학회지
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 2017
  • Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the effects of Angelicae sinensis Radix on longitudinal bone growth rate in rats. We have screened traditional medicinal herbs to develop the longitudinal bone growth stimulator by well-established rat model. A. sinensis was identified as one of the effective herbs in the screening process. Methods : Adolescent female rats were administered A. sinensis at doses of 30 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days. To observe the rate of longitudinal bone growth, tetracycline was injected intraperitoneally on day 8 to stain a fluorescent band on the anew formed bone. To elucidate the mode of action, we observed insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expression after A. sinensis administration in growth plate. Results : In the 300 mg/kg A. sinensis group, the length between the proximal endpoint of the tetracycline label and the division line between growth plate and bone was significantly increased compared with vehicle-treated control group. Height of the proximal tibial growth plate was higher in the A. sinensis group compared with control group. A. sinensis also upregulated the expressions of IGF-1 and BMP-2 in the proliferative zone and hypertrophic zone of the proximal tibial growth plate. Conclusions : A. sinensis increases longitudinal bone growth rate in rats. According to immunohistochemistry, A. sinensis increases local IGF-1 and BMP-2 expressions in the growth plate which can be considered as direct stimulation of GH on the local growth plate.

잔디류식물에 있어 생장억제제시용효과에 관한 연구 (Growth Regulation of Korean Lawngrass and Manilagrass with Several Growth Retardants)

  • 심재성
    • 아시안잔디학회지
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.39-52
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    • 1989
  • Native Kerean lawngrass (Zeysia japonica steud.) and Manilagrass ( Zeysia matrella Merr.) are frequently used as sport turf and lawn in Kerea and ether Asian countries because of its excellent summer qualities and superior winter-hardiness compared to ether warm-season turfgrass . The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the plant growth retardants ( PGR ) en the inhibition (d the growth of the two Kerean native turfgrasses. Kerean lawngrass and Manilagrass were treated with [2 RS , 3 RS] -1- [4- chlorophenyl ] -4, 4-dimethyl -2- [1 H -1, 2, 4- tiazol -1- y] pentan -3- ol ( PP -333) at 93 and 930 gha -j ; 5-[4- chlorphenyl ]-3, 4, 5, 9, 10- peiitaaza - tetracyclo [5, 4, 1, 0 2 6 . o ~'~I -3, 9- diene ( BAS -106) at 16 and 160 gha ; [ E I-] - cyclohexyl -4, 4- dimethyl -2- [1, 2, 4- triazol -1- yl ]-1-pentene - 3- ol ( NTN -821) at 56 and 560 gha ', and 4- chloro -2- [$\alpha$- hydrozybenzy I isonicotin anilide ( CGR -811) at 92 gha in pot study . All PGR treatments were effective in reducing the plant height, with the exception of BAS -106 at 16 gha for Korean lawngrass ; however , all increased quality to some degree , with the exception of PP -333 at 93 gha . The low PGR rates significantly increased Korean lawngrass height during late jtily aitd mid-August . On the other hand , BAS -106 significantly increased Manilagrass height {rom 24 Septeml)er onwards . All PGR treatments haol higher turfgrass quality than untreatments , and also the high rates of PGIt treatments were more effective in increasing quality than the low rates observed on 8 October . Meanwhile , Manilagrass quality was increased to some extent than Korean lawegrass . PP - 333 was significantly effective in reducing clipping yield and the same results were found with the application of NTN -821 at 560 gha -l for both Korean lawngrass and Manilagrass , BAS -106 at 160 gha for Korean lawegrass , and CGR -811 at 92 gha for Manilagrass . The high PGR rates had higher turfgrass shoot weight observed on 8 October than the low rates , and there were little increases obtained with the low rates of PP -333 for Korean lawngrass and BAS - 1 06 for Manilagrass . Effeets on stolon growth varied between growth retardants , and between retardant treatments ; the high rates of PGR as well as the low rate of NTN -821 elongated stolon of Korean lawngrass and manoilagrass . However , PP -333 at 93 gha and BAS -106 at 16 gha - shortened stolons of Korean lawugrass , resulting in inhibition or little difference of stolon dry weight . NTN -821 at 560 gha and CGR -811 had no positive effect on the stolon length of Manilagrass . 101) -333 and the low rate of BAS -106 and NTN -821 decreased root weight of Korean lawng - rass All PGR rates had negative effect on the root weight of Manilagrass with the exception of BAS -106 CR -811 and the high rate of NTN -821 which made no difference in root weight between retarolant treatments and the control .

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수종 야초류의 카드뮴 내성에 대한 연구 (A Study on the Cadmium Tolerance of Some Native Herb Plants)

  • 장주연;장윤영;배범한;이인숙
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제24권5호
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    • pp.309-313
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    • 2001
  • 카드뮴 내성 식물을 선별하기 위하여 5종류의 야초류의 카드뮴 내성검정을 실시하였다. 카드뮴 용액에 14일간 노출된 야초류의 발아율, 유식물의 뿌리와 지상부의 생장율, 생체량을 측정하였다. 어저귀와 털비름의 발아율은 모든 농도에서 90%이상으로 나타났으나 자귀풀과 물피, 식용피는 15 mgCdSO₄ /L에 노출되었을 때부터 감소하기 시작했다. 뿌리와 지상부의 길이 생장은 농도가 증가할수록 모두 감소하였으며, 생체량의 경우 물피, 식용피, 털비름은 대조구와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 어저귀와 자귀풀은 60 mgCdSO₄ /L에 노출되었을 때부터 크게 감소하였다. 또한 어저귀, 자귀풀, 털비름의 EC/sub 50/(Effective Concentration 50%)은 뿌리성장에서는 54 mgCdSO₄ /L, 77.5 mgCdSO₄ /L ,44.5 mgCdSO₄ /L이고, 지상부 성장에서는 114 mgCdSO₄ /L, 73.5 mgCdSO₄ /L, 38.6 mgCdSO₄ /L였으며, 생체량에서는 107.5 mgCdSO₄ /L, 67.5 mgCdSO₄ /L, 60 mgCdSO₄ /L였다. 야초류 간의 카드뮴에 대한 sensitivity는 뿌리 > 생체량 > 지상부 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 어저귀가 카드뮴에 대한 내성을 가지고 있음을 나타낸다.

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제주지역에서 지렁이분(100%) 유기질비료 시비량 차이에 따른 열무의 생육반응 및 수량변화 (Effects of Worm Casting(100%) Organic Fertilizer Rate on Growth Characters and Yield of Ieol´ Radish in Jeju Island)

  • 조남기;강영길;송창길;조영일;고동환;고미라
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.77-80
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    • 2003
  • 본 시험은 제주지역에서 지렁이(100%) 시비량 차이(0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 및 600kg/10a)에 따른 신나리 열무의 생육반응 및 수량을 검토하고, 지렁이분 적정시비량을 구명하기 위하여 2002년 11월 7일부터 2003년 3월 8일까지 시험하였다. 초장은 무비구에서 500kg/10a 시비구까지 30.3cm에서 37.77cm로 커졌고, 그 이상의 시비구에서는 작아졌으나 200kg/10a에서 600kg/10a 시비구까지는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 엽수, 엽폭 및 근경은 초장 반응과 비슷한 경향이었다. 근장은 처리구간에 큰 차이가 없었고, 엽록소 함량은 시비량이 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 총생체중(지상부중+근중)은 무비구에서 200kg/10a 시비구까지는 2,949kg/10a에서 4,561kg/10a로 유의하게 증가되었고, 300kg/10a에서 500kg/10a 시비구까지는 5,096kg/10a에서 5,707kg/10a로 증가되었다가 600kg/10a 시비구에서 4,873kg으로 감소되는 경향이었다. 그러나 300kg/10a 시비구에서 600kg/10a 시비구까지는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 지상부 생체중과 근중은 총생체중 반응과 비슷한 경향이었다.

질소시용, 예초 및 재식밀도가 한국잔디(Zoysia Japonica Steud)의 생육에 미치는 영향 (Studies on the growth of Korea Lawn Grass (Zoysia japonica Steud.)in Reponse to Nitrogen Application, Clipping Treatment and Plant Density)

  • 심재성
    • 자연과학논문집
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    • 제1권
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    • pp.61-113
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    • 1987
  • The increasing emphasis placed on the production of fine turf for lawns, golf courses, parks, and other recreational sites has led to many unsolved problems as to how such turf could be best established and mainteined. For this purpose, a series of experiments were conducted under con ditions of pot and field. The results obtained were as follows EXPERIMENT I. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer and clipping interval on Zoysia japonica. 1. Increasing the rate of nitrogen and frequent clipping increased tiller number of Zoysis japonica and the maximum number of tillers were obtained from 700 kg N application and freqnent clippings (10 days interval ) in October. Treatment of 350kg N with 10 days clipping interval increased tillers much more than those of 700 kgN with 20 and 30 days clipping intervals. 2. The average number of green leaves occurred during the growth period maximized by applying 700 kg N and clipping 10 days interval. 3. Increasing tiller numbers significantly decreased tops DM weight per tiller by clipping plants at interval of 10 and 20 days, irrespective of nitrogen applied, and with nil N, at the interval of 30 days. By applying 700 kg N, however, top DM weight per tiller increased as the number of tillers increased consistently. 4. The highest top DM weight was achieved from late August to early September by applying 350 and 700kgN. 5. During the growth period, differences in unders ( stolon + root ) DM weight occurred bynitrogen application were found between nil N and two applied nitrogen levels, whereas, at the same level of nitrogen applied, the increase in stolon DM weight enhanced by lengthening the clipping interval to 30 days. 6. Nitrogen efficiency to green leaves, stolon nodes and DM weight of root with high nitrogen was achieved as clipping interval was shortened. 7. By increasing fertilizer nitrogen rate applied, N content n the leaves and stems of Zoysiajaponica was increased. On the other hand, N content in root and stolon had little effect onfertilizer nitrogen, resulting in the lowest content among plant fractions. The largest content of N was recorded in leaves. Lengthening the clipping interval from 10 or 20 to 30 days tends to decrease the N content in the leaves and stems, whereas this trend did not appeared in stolon androot. 8. A positive correlations between N and K contents in tops and stolon were established andthus K content increased as N content in tops and stolon increased. Meanwhile, P content was not affected by N and clipping treatments. 9. Total soluble carbohydrate content in Zoysia japonica was largest in stolon and stem, and was reduced by increasing fertilizer nitrogen rate. Reduction in total soluble carbohydrate due to increased nitrogen rate was severer in the stolons and stems than in the leaves. 10. Increasing the rate of nitrogen applied increased the number of small and large vascular bundles in leaf blade, but shortened distance among the large vascular bundles. Shortening the clipping interval resulted in increase of the number of large vascular bundles but decrease ofdistance between large vascular bundles.EXPERIMENT II. Growth response of Zoysia japonica imposed by different plant densities. 1. Tiller numbers per unit area increased as plant density heightened. Differences in num ber between densities at higher densities than 120 D were of no significance. 2. Tiller numbers per clone attained by 110 days after transplanting were 126 at 40D,77 at 80D, 67 at 120D, 54 at 160D, and 41 at 200D. A decreasing trend of tiller numbers per clone with increasing density was noticable from 100 days after transplanting onwards. 3. During the growth period, the greatest number of green leaves per unit area were attainedin 90days after transplanting at 160D and 200D, and 100 days after transplanting at 40D, 80Dand 120D. Thus the period to reach the maximum green leaf number with the high plantdensity was likely to be earlier that with the low plant density. 4. Stolon growth up to 80 days after transplaning was relatively slow, but from 80 daysonwards, the growth quickened to range from 1.9 m/clone at 40D to 0.6m/clone at 200Din 200 days after transplanting, these followed by the stolon node produced. 5. Plant density did not affect stolon weight/clone and root weight/clone until 80 daysafter transplanting. 6. DM weight of root was heavier in the early period of growth than that of stolon, butthis trend was reversed in the late period of growth : DM weight of stolon was much higherthan that of root.EXPERIMENT Ill. Vegetative growth of Zoysia japonica and Zoysia matrella as affected by nitrogen and clipping height. 1. When no nitrogen was applied to Zoysia japonica, leaf blade which appeared during theAugust-early September period remained green for a perid of about 10 weeks and even leavesemerged in rate September lived for 42 days. However, leaf longevity did not exceed 8 weeks asnitrogen was applied. In contrast the leaf longevity of Zoysia matrella which emerged during the mid August-earlySeptember period was 11 weeks and, under the nitrogen applied, 9 weeks, indicating that thelife-spen of individual leaf of Zoysia matrella may be longer than that of Zoysia japorica. Clipping height had no effect on the leaf longevity in both grasses. 2. During the July-August period, tiller number, green leaf number and DM weightof Zoysia japonica were increased significantly with fertilizer nitrogen, but were not with twolevel of clipping height. This trend was reversed after late September ; no effect of nitrogen wasappeared. Instead, lax clipping increased tiller number, green leaf number and DM weight. Greenleaves stimulated by lax clipping resulted in the occurrance of more dead leaves in late October. 3. Among the stolons outgrown until early September, the primary stolon was not influencedby nitrogen and clipping treatments to produce only 2-3 stolons. However, 1st branch stoIon asaffected by nitrogen increased significantly, so most of stolons which occurred consisted of 1st branch stolons. 4. Until early September, stolon length obtained at nil nitrogen level was chiefly caused bythe primary stolons. By applying nitrogen, the primary stolons of Zoysia japonica waslonger than 1st branch stolons when severe clipping was involved and in turn, shorter than 1stbranch stolons when lax clipping was concerned. In Zoysia matrella, 1st branch stolons were muchlonger than the primary stolon when turf was clipped severely but in conditions of lax clippingthere was little difference in length between primary and 1st branch stolons. 5. Stolon nodes of both Zoysia japonica and Z. matrella were positively influenced by nit rogen, but no particular increase by imposing clipping height treatment was marked in Zoysiamatrella. Although the stolon of Zoysia japonica grew until late October, the growthstimulated by nitrogen was not so remarkable as to exceed that by nil N.

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미량원소복합제가 혼합된 각종 상토에서 고토석회의 시비수준이 매리골드 플러그 묘의 생육에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Dolomite Levels in Various Root Media Containing Micronutrient Mixes on Growth of Marigold Plug Seedlings)

  • 최종명
    • 생물환경조절학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.217-224
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    • 2006
  • 세 종류의 입상형 미량원소복합제(MF1, MF2, 및 MF3)를 조제하여 세 종류 상토에 혼합할 경우 고토석회의 시비수준이 매리골드 'Orange Boy' 플러그 묘 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 피트모스+부숙수피(1:1, v/v) 혼합 상토에 MF 1을 기비로 혼합한 경우 고토석회 무처리구에서 생육이 가장 우수하였고, 고토석회의 혼합비율이 높아짐에 따라 생육이 저조하였다. MF 2를 혼합한 경우에는 $3.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리에서 건물중이 식물체 0.133g으로 가장 무거웠으나 생체중은 $6.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리에서 0.686g으로 가장 무거웠다. MF 3를 혼합한 처리와 대조구에서는 각각 $3.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$$6.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리에서 생체중 및 건물중이 무거워 생육이 우수한 고토석회 시비량이 달랐다. 피트모스+부숙왕겨(1:1, v/v) 혼합상토에 미량원소복합제를 혼합한 경우, 고토석회의 혼합비율이 높아짐에 따라 생육이 저조하였데 그 정도는 MF 3이 혼합된 경우 가장 뚜렷하였다. 피트모스+부숙통밥(1:1, v/v) 혼합상토에 MF 1과 MF 3을 혼합한 경우 고토석회 3.0과 $6.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 처리에서 생육이 우수하였으나, MF 2와 대조구에서는 고토석회의 시비량이 높아질 경우 생육이 우수한 경향을 보였다 이상의 연구결과들에서 상토의 종류나 미량원소복합제에 따라 최대생육을 보인 고토석회의 처리량이 달랐으며, 작물재배시 이를 반영하여야 최대생육을 보장할 수 있을 것이다.

새만금간척지에서 난지형 잔디의 생육 특성 (Growth Characteristic of Warm-season Turfgrass in Saemangeum Reclaimed Land)

  • 배은지;한정지;이광수;박용배;최수민
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.13-23
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    • 2016
  • This study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics of warm-season turfgrasses and to find out suitable turfgrass species on Saemangeum reclaimed land. Twenty native zoysiagrass(Zoysia sinica, Z. matrella, Z. japonica, Medium-leaf type zoysiagrass(hybrid zoysiagrass)) and bermudagrass(Cynodon dactylon) collected from Korea were used in this study. Total stolon length and the number of stolon per square meter, relative growth rate of shoot and stolon, and coverage rate were analyzed for 2 year. C. dactylon showed not only the most growth response with high relative growth rate of shoot and stolon, which were 19.9% and 66.3%, but also resulted in higher level of turf visual quality compared to others. Whereas Z. japonica showed the least growth response with low relative growth rate of shoot and stolon, which were 2.4% and 0.7%. Although all warm-season turfgrasses took root and grew up well, there were different growth rates between the interspecies. Z. sinica 'Z2034', Z. matrella 'Z4091', Z. japonica 'Z1064', Medium-leaf type zoysiagrass 'ZN6019' and C. dactylon 'BN7014' were the greatest growth rate of shoot and stolon. These results will be useful for selecting salt tolerant breeding lines and also used to develop a turfgrass cultivar with strong salinity tolerance through continuous monitoring.

오존에 노출된 자작나무류 4수종 잎의 가시적 피해와 생장 반응 (Visible Foliar Injuries and Growth Responses of Four Betula sp. Exposed to Ozone)

  • 이재천;한심희;김장수;장석성
    • 한국농림기상학회지
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.29-37
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    • 2002
  • 본 연구는 자작나무류의 오존에 대한 잎의 가시적 피해율과 생장 반응을 측정하여 수종별 오존 민감성을 비교하고자 하였다. 시험 재료는 거제수나무, 물박달나무, 자작나무, 사스래나무로 온실에서 양묘하여 포트로 옮겨 심고, 100 ppb의 오존 농도에서 하루 8시간 씩 5주 동안 오존에 노출시킨 후 그들의 가시적 피해율과 잎 수, 잎 면적 및 생장(수고와 직경 상대생장율, 잎, 줄기, 뿌리의 건중량)을 측정하여 수종간, 처리간 차이를 비교하였으며 연구 결과는 다음과 같았다. 4개 수종의 오존에 대한 반응은 매우 다르게 나타나는데 사스래나무를 제외한 3개 수종의 생장은 오존에 의해 크게 영향을 받아 감소하는 것으로 보인다. 특히 초기에 많은 조기낙엽을 나타내는 거제수나무와 가시적 피해율이 가장 높은 물박달나무는 오존에 대해 민감한 수종으로 판단된다. 그러나 사스래나무는 초기에 오존에 대한 영향으로 생장이 감소하지만 오존에 대한 적응을 통하여 생장을 회복하는 내성 수종으로 판단된다.

강활(羌活)의 묘(苗)크기가 추대(抽臺) 및 수양(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響) (Effect of Seedling Size on Bolting and Yield of Ostericum koreanum (MAX.) KITAGAWA)

  • 서종식;정병찬;손서규;김기식;김동한
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.114-120
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    • 1994
  • 최근 생약의 수요 및 재배면적이 증가됨에 따라 약초의 재배기술 확립이 요청 되고 있는바 추대로 인한 수량감소와 품질저하가 크다고 알려진 강활에 대하여 파종방법별로 육묘기 생육과 묘크기에 따른 추대 및 수량성을 구명하고자 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 파종방법별 출아율은 파종량이 적고 산파했을 경우에 높아지는 경향을 보였고 묘크기에 있어서는 파종량간에 대차 없었으나 파종방법간에는 조파구에서 생장량이 많은 경향이었다. 2. 묘 분포비율은 중묘>소묘>대묘의 순으로 많았는데 소묘생산을 위해서는 산파로서 밀파$(8l\;/33m^2)$ 하는 것이 유리 한 것으로 나타났다. 3. 묘크기에 따른 정식후 생육은 묘의 근경이 굵을수록 개화가 빨라지는 경향이었고 지상부 생육은 조파 소묘 정식이 좋은 경향이었다. 4. 묘크기에 따른 추대율은 대묘 89.6%, 중묘 64.4%, 소묘 36.9% 로 묘가 클수록 높았다. 5. 묘크기에 따른 근비대는 미추대근이 추대근에 비하여 많았고 조파묘보다 산파 묘가 좋았다. 6. 생근수량은 산파 소묘 정식구에서 853kg/10a 으로 가장 증수하였다.

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몇가지 잡초들의 추출물과 잔유물의 알팔파에 대한 타감작용 (Allelopathic Effect of Some Weed Species Extracts and Residues on Alfalfa)

  • 정일민;김기준;김광호;안종국
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.285-294
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    • 1994
  • 본 실험은 포장에서 주로 발생하는 velvetleaf등을 비롯하여 7종류의 잡초를 마른 상태와 생체상태로 각각 수확하여 지상부와 지하부로 나누어 물질을 추출 이들을 alfalfa 종자 발아와 생육정도 검정에 사용하여 지상부와 지하부의 생육억제정도를 비교하였으며 이 중 억제효과가 제일 큰 velvet-leaf의 추출물은 여러 농도로 silica sand와 혼합하여 alfalfa에 대한 타감작용을 검토하였다. 1. 7종류 잡초의 지상부와 지하부의 추출물 처리는 alfalfa의 발아율, 발아세, 유근의 길이, 무게 등을 억제시켰다. 지상부와 지하부의 억제효과를 비교하면 지상부의 추출물이 지하부의 추출물 보다 더 큰 타감작용을 보였으며, 이 중에서 velvetleaf 추출물이 가장 억제적이었고, crab-grass 추출물은 가장 낮은 억제 정도를 보였다. 또 alfalfa 발아와 유근의 생육에 대한 velvetleaf의 건조 추출물과 생체 추출물을 비교하면 건조 추출물이 더 억제적이었다. 2. 농도에 따르는 velvetleaf 추출물 처리에서는 농도가 증가할수록 alfalfa 발아율, 유근의 길이, 무게 등이 대조구와 비교하여 상대적으로 더 억제되었다. 3. 건조된 velvetleaf 잔기를 silica sand와 혼합처리에서 잔기의 비율이 증가 될수록 alfalfa의 출현율과 생존율이 더 억제되었으며 그 정도는 잔기 비율 1%에서 가장 억제적이었다. 4. 잡초의 추출물과 잔기의 처리는 alfalfa의 발아와 생육에 억제적으로 작용 하여 타감작용이 인정되었다.

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