• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.45-45
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• 2019

This experiment was carried out using artificial clay and LED in the plastic film house (irradiation time: 08:00~18:00/day). Seedlings (n = 63 per $3.3m^2$) of ginseng was planted on May 17, 2018. LED was combined with red and blue light in a 3:1 ratio and irradiated with different light intensity. The average air temperature from April to September was $12.3^{\circ}C$ $-26.0^{\circ}C$ and it was the the highest at $26.0^{\circ}C$ in August. The test area where fluorescent lamp was irradiated tended to be somewhat higher than the LED irradiation area. The chemical properties of the test soil are as follows. pH levels was 5.3~5.5, EC levels 0.45~0.52 dS/m and OM levels 33~37%. The total nitrogen content was 0.35~0.47% and the available $P_2O_5$ contents was 13.7~16.0 mg/kg, which was lower than the suitable level of 70~200 mg/kg. Exchangeable cations K and Mg contents were within acceptable ranges, but the Ca contents was $28{\sim}38cmol^+/kg$ levels higher than the permissible level ($2{\sim}6cmol^+/kg$). Germination of ginseng leaves took 8~9 days and the overall germination rate was 70~75%. The photometric characteristics of LED light intensity are as follows. The greater the light intensity, the higher the PAR (Photosynthetic Action Radiation) value, illuminance and solar irradiation. Photosynthetic rate was also increased with higher light intensity was investigated at $1.7{\sim}3.2{\mu}mol\;CO_2/m^2/s$. Leaf temperature ($23.7{\sim}24.8^{\circ}C$) by light intensity was the same trend. The growth of aerial parts (plant height etc.) were generally excellent when irradiated with 3 times the light intensity, the growth of the ginseng aerial parts were excellent as follows. The plant height was 42.6 cm, stem length was 25.2 cm, leaf length was 9.6 cm and stem diameter was 5.0 mm. The growth of underground part (root length etc.) was the same, and the root length was 24.4 cm, the tap root length was 6.0 cm, diameter of taproot was 18.2 mm and the fresh root weight was 17.2 g. There were no disease incidence such as Alternaria blight, Gray mold and Anthracnose. Disease of Damping off occurred 2.2~3.6% and incidence ratio of rusty root ginseng was 14.6~20.7%. Leaf discoloration rate was 13.7~48.9% and increased with increasing light intensity. Ginsenoside content of ginseng by light intensity is under analysis.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.61-61
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• 2020

This experiment was carried out using artificial bed soil and LED in the plastic film house(irradiation time: 07:00-17:00/day). Seedlings(n=63 per 3.3 m²) of ginseng was planted on May 17, 2018. LED was combined with red and blue light in a 3:1 ratio and irradiated with different light intensity(40-160 µmol/m²/s). Average air temperature from April to September according to the light intensity test was 20.4℃-20.9℃. Average artificial bed soil temperature was 20.1℃-21.7℃. The test area where fluorescent lamp was irradiated tended to be somewhat lower than the LED irradiation area. The chemical properties of the test soil was as follows. pH levels was 6.6-6.7, EC levels 0.9-1.3 dS/m and OM levels 30.6-32.0%. The available P₂O₅ contents was 73.3-302.3 mg/kg. Exchangeable cations K and Ca contents were higher than the allowable ranges and mg content was high in the fluorescent lamp treatment. The photometric characteristics of LED light intensity are as follows. The greater the light intensity, the higher the PPFD(Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density) value, illuminance and solar irradiation. Fluorescent lamp treatment had high illuminance value, but PPFD and solar irradiation were lower than LED intensity 40 µmol/m²/s treatment. The photosynthetic rate increased(2.0-3.8 µmolCO²/m²/s) as the amount of light intensity increased, peaking at 120 µmol/m²/s, and then decreasing. The SPAD (chlorophyll content) value decreased as the amount of light intensity increased, and was the highest at 36.1 in fluorescent lamp treatment. Ginseng germination started on April 5 and took 14-17 days to germinate. The overall germination rate was 68.8-73.6%. The growth of aerial parts(plant height etc.) were generally excellent in the treatment of light intensity of 120-160 µmol/m²/s. The plant height was 41.9 cm, stem length was 24.1 cm, leaf length was 9.8 cm and stem diameter was 5.6 mm. The growth of underground part (root length etc.) was the best in the treatment with 120 µmol/m²/s of light intensity. Due to the root length was long(24.8 cm) and diameter of taproot was thick(18.7 mm), the fresh root weight was the heaviest at 24.8 g. There were no disease incidence such as Alternaria blight, Gray mold and Anthracnose. Disease of Damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani occurred 0.6-1.5% and incidence ratio of rusty root ginseng was 30.8-62.3%. It is believed that the reason for the high incidence of rusty root ginseng is that the amount of field moisture capacity of artificial bed soil is larger than the soil. Leaf discoloration rate was 13.7-32.3%.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.60-67
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• 2012

Purpose: To test the apical leakage prevention performance of three different materials through protein leakage procedures using bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Bradford protein reagent. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 human single-rooted teeth were divided into 4 groups, and conventional root canal filling was done. The root was cut 3 mm from the apex, and a cavity was formed. Proroot MTA (MTA), Fuji II LC (GI), Fuji II LC with XP bond (GIA), and Caviton (CA) were used as experimental materials to fill the cavity in a retrograde filling manner. The extent of BSA leakage was then measured with a ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer 24, 48, and 72 hours after filling. Result: After 24 hours, among the 15 teeth of each group, 2 in MTA, 4 in GI, 3 in GIA, and 7 in CA showed leakage. After 48 hours, 3 in MTA, 5 in GI, 5 in GIA, and 10 in CA had leakage and discoloration. After 72 hours, among the 15 teeth of each group, 3 in MTA, 6 in GI, 5 in GIA, and 10 in CA showed leakage. The leakage in the CA group was greater than that in the MTA group at 48 and 72 hours based on Fisher's exact test (P=0.025), and the difference was statistically significant. Similarly, the leakage in the CA group was greater than that in the MTA group over time based on the Kaplan-Meier survival estimate (P=0.011), and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Glass ionomer, glass ionomer after adhesive application, and MTA all showed leakage. Caviton showed greater leakage compared to MTA 48 and 72 hours after filling, and the difference was statistically significant; thus suggesting that Caviton is not appropriate as retrograde filling material considering its sealing ability.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.73-77
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• 1982

본시험은 붕소시용이 잎담배의 생리적특성과 입고병 발생에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 황색종인 NC2326, Coker 86을 공시하여 입고병포장에서 실시한바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 붕소시용량이 증가할수록 지상부의 생장이 지연되었고 간장은 낮아졌으나 붕우시용구에서 세근발달이 억제되고 뿌리의 부패율과 입고병이병율이 크게 감소 되여 입고병발생에 간접적인 효과가 있었다. 2. 수량은 10a당 붕소 또는 붕산 $2\~4kg$ 시용구에서 높았고 붕소시용에 따른 증수경향은 NC2326에서 컸다. 3. 건엽중의 Phenol 화합물은 붕소시용구에서 증가하였고 입고병저항성이 큰 Coker 86에서 더 많았으며 니코친합량은 붕소시용량이 증가할수록 감소하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.628-634
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moisture on apical sealing properties of root canal. Fifty five single rooted human teeth were selected from maxillary and mandibular teeth. After removing crown portion at the cemento-enamel junction, all teeth were routinely prepared with step-back method. And then, the canals were dried with paper point and the teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 teeth each, and remaining 10 teeth were used as positive and negative control teeth : Group 1 were irrigated with 1ml of 95% alcohol and dried with air and paper point. Group 2 and 3 were intentionally contaminated with 0.05ml of 3.5% NaOCl or saliva, respectively. All the teeth were obturated with sealapex and gutta percha cone by lateral condensation technique, and covered with two coat of nail varnish after 48 hours of obturation. The teeth were immersed in india ink for 1 week and cleaned with methyl salicylate and then the degree of dye penetration were measured with stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA. The results were as follows : 1. All experimental groups showed varying degrees of dye penetration, and the mean degree of dye penetration was 0.1mm to 0.7mm. 2. Saliva contamination group(group 3) showed the highest amount of dye penetration, followed by NaOCl contamination group, then alcohol dried group, but there was no significant difference among three experimental groups. * This results suggest that there was no significant differences of apical leakage after canal obturation between alcohol dried canal and moisture present canals and the use of alcohol instead of paper point is unnecessary to dry the canals prior to canal filling. But other factors such as bacterial contamination and sealer discoloration by moisture must be considered in application of this results to clinical practice.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.184-187
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• 2003

Verticillium wilt was first observed in 2001 on potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) cv. Superior at Daegwallyong area, one of the major seed potato producing areas in Korea. The wilted potato plants showed typical symptoms including gradual yellowing and interveinal necrosis. There was discoloration in the vascular tissues of the infected stems which turned light brown. Fungal isolates from discolored vascular tissues were whitish to creamy with folding on potato dextrose agar medium, where they used to produce resting dark mycelia but no micro-sclerotia. Conidiophores were septate with side branches, swelled at the base, and arranged in a whorl. Conidia were 2.5-11.2$\times$2.0-4.5 $\mu\textrm{m}$ um in size and were borne in small clusters at the tips of phialides. Optimal temperature range for mycelial growth was $25-30^{\circ}C$. Based on these cultural and morphological characteristics, the fungus was identified as Verticillium albo-atrum Reink & Berth. Pathogenicity tests by root dipping method revealed that the fungus caused the same symptoms as observed in naturally infected potato plants. This is the first report of Verticillium wilt on potato caused by Verticillium albo-atrum in Korea.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.170-176
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• 1989

중북부 지방의 재배벼로 지정된 태백벼외 18개 장려품종들에 대한 생육시기 저온반응을 구명하고자 14$^{\circ}C$와 12$^{\circ}C$의 Growth chamber 내에서 저온처리한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 적고에 강한 반응을 보인 품종은 소백벼, 백암벼, 설악벼, 화성벼, 치악벼, 도봉벼, 대성벼, 상풍벼, 천마벼 등이었다. 2. SPAD 치에 의한 엽색의 정도는 적고에 강한 반응을 보인 품종들이 높았다. 3. 저온처리시 뿌리의 신장을 전혀 보이지 않았던 품종은 태백벼, 삼강벼, 백양벼, 풍산벼, 상풍벼, 진여 등이었다. 4. 저온처리후 20일 경과시 발근장과 발근수는 대성벼, 오태벼, 화성벼, 성락벼, 치악벼, 운봉벼, 소백벼 등이 많았다. 5. 활착기에 저온처리를 당했던 품종은 온도가 정상적으로 회복된다 하더라도 2~11일 정도 출수지연 현상을 보였다. 7. 엽색이 농록이고 발근율도 높은 품종은 상품벼, 치악벼, 오태벼, 소백벼, 운봉벼, 설악벼, 도봉벼, 화성벼, 대서여 등이었고, 엽색농도가 낮고 발근율도 낮은 품종은 백양벼, 태백벼, 삼강벼, 농백 등이었다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.256-261
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• 2004

외상 치아에서 일반적으로 발생할 수 있는 합병증으로는 치수 충혈, 내출혈, 근관내 석회화 변성, 외흡수, 치수괴사, 유착 등이 있다. 치아의 근관내 석회화 변성은 치아가 외상을 받았을 경우, 발생할 수 있는 이러한 합병증의 하나이다. 석회화 변성은 여러 요소에 의해 확인될 수 있는데 임상적으로는 치관의 황색 계통의 변색과 방사선학적으로는 치수강을 포함한 근관의 부분적 혹은 전체적인 협착을 특징으로 한다. 이러한 석회화 변성이 발생할 경우, 치수 괴사로 이행되기도 하는데, 모두 치수 괴사로 이행되는 것은 아니며 따라서 근관 치료에 앞서 적절한 검사 및 관찰이 필요하다. 본 증례는 만 9세의 여아가 놀던 중 친구의 머리에 부딪혀 상악 중절치의 외상(subluxation)을 받고 내원한 경우로 지속적인 임상적, 방사선학적 검사를 시행한 결과 근관내 석회화 변성이 관찰되었다 검사 초기에는 임상적으로 경미한 치관의 변색만 보였을 뿐, 전기 치수 검사(EPT)에서는 특이한 소견은 보이지 않았다. 그 후 전기 치수 검사를 이용한 지속적인 검사 결과, 그 반응의 정도가 점차 감소되었으나, 근관 치료는 좀 더 유보하고 관찰하기로 하였다 외상 후 20개월 정도 지나서는 전기 치수검사를 이용한 검사에 거의 반응을 보이지 않았고, 근관의 완전 협착과 치관의 황색 계통의 변색이 관찰되었다. 이에 치수 괴사로 이행되는 것을 막고 치관의 변색술을 시행하기 위하여 근관 치료를 시행하고 그 결과를 보고하는 바이다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.128-138
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• 2003

시중에서 유통되는 부분 가공 원예산물의 세균밀도는 매우 높아 청결 상태가 불량하였다. 작물별로는 깐마늘에 세균밀도가 낮았으며 기타 작물의 경우 미생물 밀도는 $10^8$ 이상이었다. 특히 고사리의 경우 가장 세균 밀도가 높을 뿐아니라 이물질이 혼입된 경우도 있었다. 오존수 처리반응은 작물의 유형에 따라 차이를 나타내었는데 근채류인 우엉과 연근은 변색을 방지할 뿐아니라 살균 효과로 세절한 작물의 유통성을 향상시킬 수 있었으나 $0.3mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 농도에서 5분 이상 처리할 경우 오히려 불리하였다. 양상추의 경우 $0.3mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$에서 2분을 초과하여 처리할 때 조직이 물러지고 변색이 더욱 심하여 처리시간과 농도에 대한 구체적인 검토가 필요하였다. 건조나물의 경우 살균효과 뿐아니라 유통 중 세균 증식에 따른 이취 발생을 억제하는데 효과적이었다. 이러한 효과는 조직이 두꺼운 고사리보다 얇은 취나물에서 더욱 뚜렷하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과를 살필 때 건조나물을 비롯한 연근, 우엉 등의 작물에 대하여서는 실용화 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.364-368
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• 2014

본 연구는 안정적 인삼재배를 위하여 여러 가지 녹비작물을 이용하여 인삼 예정지를 관리한 후 인삼생육과 진세노사이드 함량 등을 조사한 결과 다음과 같다. 인삼예정지 토양에 녹비작물을 재배하면 미생물상이 다양해지고, 유기물 함량과 Total-N 함량은 증가되며, 염류가 감소되는 경향을 보였다. 녹비의 생산량은 호밀이 가장 많았고, 녹비작물을 재배한 후 2년생 인삼의 지상부와 지하부의 생육은 유의적으로 증가하였으며 특히 호밀재배구가 가장 좋았다. 또한 인삼의 지상부 황증과 지하부의 적변 발생량은 호밀재배구가 가장 적었으며 진세노사이드 함량은 가장 높았다. 따라서 인삼재배지의 토양관리는 호밀을 재배하여 예정지를 관리하는 것이 좋을 것으로 판단된다.