• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2007

As the zygotic embryo of North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) matured during stratification over 203 days it grew from 0.75 to 5.2 mm. Embryo excision and culturing on media containing different concentrations of two growth regulators, gibberellic acid ($GA_3$, 1 to 10 ${\mu}M$) and benzyladenine (BA, 1 to 5 ${\mu}M$), during stratification, showed that shoot and root number and the shoot, root and cotyledon length increased with increased stratification time. Gibberellic acid was the more effective growth regulator for increasing shoot and root number and shoot, root and cotyledon lengths. Immature embryos (stratified for up to 63 days) needed growth regulators for further development. Cultures on $GA_3$ at the last culture date (stratified for 203 days) when embryos were mature, produced multiple shoots but there was no effect of $GA_3$ concentration. Benzyladenine inhibited shoot and root growth regardless of embryo stratification. Growth regulators had little effect on cotyledon length of mature embryos. Embryos cultured on $GA_3$ combined with BA were green on all culture dates whereas greening in the control and BA treatments increased with culture date. The BA treatments induced 100% swelling of the embryos on the final culture date while in the control and $GA_3$ treatments there was no swelling. There was little or no curling in the control and BA treatments and a linear decrease in curling with culture date in the $GA_3$ and $GA_3$ + BA treatments.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.360-366
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• 2006

To investigate the effect of culture conditions on growth and ginsenosides accumulation, we cultured the ginseng hairy root under three different media, white light or ultra-violet irradiation. The MS/B5 medium containning MS basal salt and B5 vitamin was good for the growth and ginsenoside accumulation. The light during the culture period of ginseng hairy root was irradiated. The growth was abundant in the ginseng hairy root cultured in dark. But the ginsenosides accumulation was higher than in the ginseng hairy root cultured in the light irradiation. When the ginseng hairy root was cultured in 20 L bioreactor, the ginsenosides accumulation was observed at 34% higher than the hairy root cultured in dark. UV irradiated the ginseng hairy root during the culture period. The long time irradiation of UV was caused decreasing the growth of ginseng hairy root, but the accumulation of ginsenosidess was increased as to the irradiated time.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2022

Cruciferous vegetables are rich in biologically active compounds such as glucosinolates and have various health benefits. Among these vegetables, Kimchi cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis) is one of the most popular leafy vegetables due to the presence of the highest amounts of numerous vital phytonutrients, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants. This study aims to investigate the effects of six cultivars (Chundong 102, Asia No Rang Mini, Hwimori Gold, Asia Seoul, Wol Dong Chun Chae, and Asia Bbu Ri) on hairy root induction and glucosinolate biosynthesis in the hairy root cultures of Kimchi cabbage. Seven different glucosinolates, in this case sinigrin, gluconapin, glucoerucin, glucobrassicin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, gluconasturtiin, and neoglucobrassicin, were detected in the hairy root cultures of Kimchi cabbage. Among the different cultivars, Asia No Rang Mini was the most promising candidate for hairy root stimulation, as it achieved the highest values for the growth rate, root number, root length, transformation efficiency, and total glucosinolate content. Overall, the Asia No Rang Mini cultivar of Kimchi cabbage performed best as a promising cultivar hairy root culture for glucosinolate production.

• 생약학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.301-308
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• 1996

Hairy roots induced from stems of Rubia cordifolia var. pratensis were cultured in the liquid medium under a variety of auxins to find the optimal condition for the growth and production of pigments. Culture of the hairy roots on NN liquid medium containing NAA 0.5 mg/l was best for growth of hairy roots. Production of yellow anthraquinone derivatives and purpurin in hairy roots was enhanced by the culture on NN liquid medium without auxins. Effects of L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine and juglone, synthesized via the shikimic acid pathway, on growth and production of pigments in hairy roots were studied in the present study. Concentration of exogeneous L-phenylalanine. L-tyrosine and juglone in liquid culture system of hairy root containing NAA 0.1 mg/l was decreased quickly in its early stages of the culture period. Addition of juglone to NN liquid medium containing NAA 0.1 mg/l enhanced the productivity of pigments in hairy roots.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.205-209
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• 1999

지황 (Rehmannia glutinosa) 우량종묘 생산을 위하여 조직배양에 의해 생산된 종묘의 포장수량성을 평가하고 지표성분인 Catalpol과 유리당 함량 특성을 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 조직배양주의 종근저장성은 재래종에 비하여 약간 양호한 경향이었다. 또한 근장, 근경 등의 뿌리생육이 왕성하여 조직배양주의 수량성은 서천재래종 384kg/10 a에 비하여 1년차 묘는 112%, 2년차 묘는 246%까지 증수되는 결과를 보였다. 성분함량 특성비교에서는 총당함량이 서천재래 1.86%에 비하여 조직배양 1, 2년차 묘는 각각 1.21, 1.10%를 보였고, 지표성분인 Catalpol도 서천재래 0.46%에 비하여 조직배양 1, 2년차묘는 0.4%로 약간 감소되는 경향이었다. 이상의 결과에서 지황 조직배양주의 수량성은 재래종에 비하여 증수되는 특성을 보였다. 그러나 유리당과 Catalpol 함량은 약간 감소되는 경향이었는데 모본식물과 큰 차이를 보이지는 않았다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.351-359
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• 1986

Traditional foods of Che Ju Do, an island located on south sea of Korean peninsula, were composed of moutaineous and coastal food. According to the review of historical records and evidences, ancestors of Che Ju Do island had consumed starchy root or marine food such as arrow root, bracken root, kelp, crab and so on. There are more than 500 kinds of traditional foods in Che Ju island, but most of them were poorly processed or cooked compared to that of the continent of the peninsula.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.478-482
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the difference of general feature and ginsenoside content of 6 years old ginseng root among different grade of roots. Total weight of a 1st grade-6 years old ginseng root was 115.1g and weight, length, diameter and specific gravity of main root were 64.68g, 8.39cm, 3.31cm and 0.96, respectively. Main root of 1st grade ginseng root was larger in size and specific gravity and more heavy than that of End or 3rd grade of the roots. Though crude saponin contents were not so different among the different grade of roots, but ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1 and Re content were higher in 1st grade of root than that of 2nd or 3rd grade of root. Those ginsenosides were located mainly in periderm and cortex.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.617-621
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• 2002

In order to optimize the carrot hairy root culture for SOD production, a fed-batch culture of hairy roots was performed in a bioreactor. Maximum SOD activity was obtained when the hairy roots were transferred to the MS medium containing 110 g/1 concentration of sucrose. By controlling the sucrose concentration (70 g/1 sucrose for growth and 110 g/1 sucrose far production, respectively) In a two-stage fed-batch culture, 29 g/1 of the hairy roots was obtained based on the final dry mass. The volumetrically determined SOD activity and productivity in the fed-batch culture were about 6 times higher than those from the flask culture containing sucrose at 30 g/1 concentration.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2005

Plant-derived natural products have been and will continue to be valuable sources. Elicitors have been employed to modify cell metabolism in order to enhance the productivity of useful metabolites in plant cell/tissue cultures. In this study, several elicitors were used to improve the productivity of useful metabolites and to reduce culture time for archiving high concentration in P. ginseng hairy root cultures. The addition of chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide and alginate oligosaccharide to the culture of P. ginseng hairy roots caused growth to be inhibited with the increase in elicitor concentration. The usage of the chitosan elicitor and D-glucosamine caused a slight decrease in hairy root growth, whereas total ginseng saponin accumulated slightly with the increase in elicitor concentration. When gel beads were added to the culture medium at the initial period, hairy root growth was enhanced. The maximum growth was 1.35 times higher than that of the control at $1\%$ (w/v). Total ginseng saponin content decreased due to the addition of alginate beads. This would result in consistent diffusion of lower levels of calcium ions during the culture period that promotes biomass growth.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.68-73
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• 2000

인삼모상근의 생장과 glnsenosides 함량 증가에 미치는 chitin 및 chitosan의 효과를 규명하기 위해, 식물생장조절제가 첨가되지 않은 1/2 MS 배지에 chitin과 chitosan의 농도와 처리시기를 달리하여 인삼모상근을 배양하였다. 인삼모상근 생장은 chitin 1 mg/L의 농도에서 가장 양호하였으나 20mg/L 이상 농도에서는 생장이 감소되었다. Ginsenosldes 함량과 생산성은 40 mg/L 첨가시와 배양3주 째 처리구에서 가장 높았다. Chitosan 역시 1 mg/L의 농도에서 인삼모상근의 생장이 가장 높았으나 ginsenosides 함량은 30 mg/L 처리구에서 가장 높게 나타났고 배양 후 처리시기는 ginsenosides의 함량증가에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다.