• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.283-309
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• 1992

This study examines work and family life of married women employed in a manufacturing industry. Data were gathered from the use of fact-to-face interview method from a sample of 230 married working women. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows : (1) With high rates of change of job, most of the respondents remain unstable in their working situation. It was shown that the important factors influencing job satisfaction of married women are women's life cycle, degree of contribution of wife's income toward total family income, and husband's attitude toward wife's empolyment. The degree of job satisfaction is also strongly influenced by labor structural factors such as pay, work environment and fringe benefits. (2) The amount of household labor time was limited by job-related factors rather than by family-related factors, because among these working women employment itself is necessarily for their subsistance. (3) It was shown that wives participated more actively in their marital communications than their husbands. Most of the respondents showed the syncratic type of the decision making patterns, but this results does not necessarily mean wives exercised an equal power with their husbands. The economic factors and the emotional instability of the husband are the ones mostly influencing marital conflicts of the employed women. It was found that the respondents easily revealed marital conflicts related to personal problems of their husbands(such as extramarital affairs, gambling and alchoholism). However, they tried to overcome the structural conflicts related to authoritarian attitudes of their husbands or economic problems without any complaints. (4) Mothers have difficulty in controlling their adolescent children, due to the weakening of parental authority. Although most of the respondents perceived their employment as having negative impacts on their children, they still have high expectations toward their children. Inspite of low degree of father role expectations and facther role performance of their husbands, most of the respondents anticipated expressive roles as well as traditionally instrumental role from their husbands. Finally, these findings would help us determine family welfare policies in Korea. Improvements in paid and household labor structure of married women should be accomplished at the national level. Also, the acting programs for parent education, marital councelling services, and law enforcement for equal employment between men and women should be provided in our society.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2017

Aims: This study aimed to analyze the tasks of Korean Medicine (KM) nurses. Methods: The definition and job description of KM nurses were developed through a "developing a curriculum" (DACUM) workshop. DACUM committee consisted of nine nurses from eleven Korean medicine hospitals, two DACUM facilitators and four DACUM coordinators. Twenty five nurses from nine Korean medicine hospitals validated job description established through the workshop. 235 KM nurses from 9 traditional Korean medicine hospitals participated in evaluating frequency, importance and difficulty of the duties and tasks. Questionnaires were sent to those nurses and 225 responses were included for final analysis due to missing data. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The jobs of a KM nurse were analyzed into 11 duties and 86 tasks on the DACUM chart. The 11 duties were KM nursing assessment, KM nursing intervention, fundamental nursing intervention, KM therapy management, support for KM therapy, KM nursing education, nursing administration, material management, environment management, professional development, and collaborative role between Korean medicine and Western medicine. Conclusion: We identified various roles of KM nurses and developed a DACUM chart based on their duties and tasks. Phased education programs for KM nurses should be developed by considering frequency, importance and difficulty. In addition, it is necessary to promote unique KM nursing interventions for expanding the roles of KM nurses in the future.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.566-577
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• 2008

Purpose: Developing a curriculum(DACUM) is a method of analyzing job focused competency, which is obtained from the data of an expert belonging to a certain career. In this study the DACUM method was used to analyze the jobs of operating room nurses. Method: Through the DACUM workshop which was arranged by two DACUM facillitators, a definition of the role of operating room nurses was developed and then duties and tasks of operating room nurses' were identified. For the workshop, a DACUM committee with 10 operating room nurses was organized. Finally, the duties and tasks which were identified were validated by 422 nurses for importance, difficulty and frequency. Results: Thirteen duties and 105 tasks were identified on the DACUM chart, where importance, difficulty, and frequency of tasks were represented by alphabet letters A, B, and C as higher degree of importance. The determinant coefficient(DC) showed that the most important duty was assisting with operations(DC=6.61), and the least, managing operating materials(DC=4.22). For tasks, the most important ones were assisting in orthostatic surgery(DC=7.60), and assisting in thoracic surgery(DC=7.38), and the least important making gauze ball(DC=2.39), and saving of operation site((DC=3.27). Conclusion: The results suggest a need to develop an education program using the DACUM chart as a basis for the development and as a clinical career ladder and for curriculum of operating room nursing.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2013

Coda in the word-medial position plays an important role in acquisition of our speech. Accuracy of the coda in the word-medial position is important as a diagnostic indicator since it has a close relationship with degrees of disorder. Coda in the word-medial position only appears in condition of connecting two vowels and the sequence causes diverse phonological processes to happen. The coda in the word-medial position differs in production difficulty by the initial sound in the sequence. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the tendency of producing a coda in the word-medial position with consideration of an optional phonological process in spontaneous speech of three and four year old children. Data was collected from 24 children (four groups by age) without speech and language delay. The results of the study are as follows: 1) Sonorant coda in the word-medial position showed a high production frequency in manner of articulation, and alveolar in place of articulation. When the coda in the word-medial position is connected to an initial sound in the same place of articulation, it revealed a high frequency of production. 2) The coda in word-medial position followed by an initial alveolar stop revealed a high error rate. Error patterns showed regressive assimilation predominantly. 3) The order of difficulty that Children had producing codas in the word-medial position was $/k^{\neg}/$, $/p^{\neg}/$, /m/, /n/, /ŋ/ and /l/. Those results suggest that in targeting coda in the word-medial position for evaluation, we should consider optional phonological process as well as the following initial sound. Further studies would be necessary which codas in the word-medial position will be used for therapeutic purpose.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

In Korea nearly all the subjects teach environmental education in the secondary school. In addition we have a separate environmental education subject (environmental subject). This could be a very strong point in the Korean environmental education. The environmental subject and the other subjects, however, overlap in teaching materials and methods in almost all aspects. Because of this, the environmental subject has not done its job effectively, and is sometimes considered as an unnecessary surplus. To effectively play its own role in environmental education, the subject should focus on environmental issues rather than on contamination, which it is focusing on now. The contamination-focused environmental subject simply teaches nearly the same contents that the other subjects teach. In addition, it makes students visit actual sites related to pollution in order to encourage them to be aware of the severity of pollution. However, it has difficulty in teaching how environmental problems occur in a society and how the social decisions are made to resolve the problems. To overcome this difficulty the environmental subject should employ discussion classes more substantially, which let students investigate social aspects as well as scientific aspects of environmental problems and make integrated decisions through interdisciplinary approaches, to make students understand social mechanisms of environmental problems. The subject should focus on teaching what factors influence producers' and consumers' behavior and what factors they should consider when they have to make decisions on environmental issues. It should leave teaching technical knowledge and skill to the other subjects, and train students by the integrated approach which makes them see technology through a sociologist's eye. Although such integrated approach is emphasized in the environmental subject, environmental teachers should be trained to understand technological knowledge and skill in profound depth.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.141-159
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• 2011

본 연구에서 초등학교 6학년 학생들이 도형의 높이 개념을 이해하는 데 어떠한 특징을 보이는지 알아보기 위하여 초등학교 6학년 학생들이 평면도형(삼각형, 평행사변형, 사다리꼴), 입체도형(원뿔, 원기둥, 각기둥, 각뿔)의 높이 개념 이해에서 어떠한 특징을 보이는지를 알아보았다. 그 결과로 학생들은 평면도형의 높이 측정에서 밑변이 수형하지 않은 도형에서 어려움을 나타냈고, 일상의 높이 경험과 연관되는 오류를 보이고, 높이 개념을 언어적으로 표현하는 데에 어려움을 느끼고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.355-372
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• 2020

무한급수 개념은 학부의 전공 수학 교육과정의 중요한 주제이다. 여러 세기 동안 그것은 학습자에게 직관에 반대되는 장애를 제공했을 뿐만 아니라 해석학 연구의 중심적 역할을 해 왔다. 수학의 역사에서 무한급수 개념에 대한 이해가 미적분학 발달의 기초가 되었듯이 현재의 학생들에게 무한급수 개념에 대한 이해는 전공 수학을 학습하는 데 꼭 필요하다. 무한합의 개념을 가진 학생 대부분은 무한급수의 수렴 판정 같은 수학적 내용은 어려워하지 않으나 무한급수 개념을 부분합의 열을 이용해서 구성하는 것은 어려워한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 무한급수 개념을 구성하는 방법을 APOS 이론과 발생적 분해의 관점에서 부분합 스키마를 이용하여 분석하고자 한다. 질적 연구를 통해 급수 개념의 구성 방법을 점검해서 무한급수 지도 개선에 대한 유용한 교육적 시사점을 얻고자 한다.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to analyze the job of coordinators working in the regional cardiocerebrovascular center. Methods: Using Developing a Curriculum (DACUM) method, the role of coordinators was defined and their duties and tasks were identified. The developed duties and tasks were classified and validated according to importance, difficulty, and frequency of the job. Results: A coordinator is defined as a clinical nurse specialist affiliated in a cardiocerebrovascular center. The coordinator is responsible for managing the major critical pathway to provide adequate medical service and providing education to the patient with myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular attack admitted via emergency room for prevention and management of disease. Ten duties and sixty-nine tasks were identified on the DACUM chart which represented the importance, difficulty, and frequency of tasks showed as A, B, C respectively. Based on determinant coefficient of the task, the highest ranked task was 'analysis for variation of CP' and the lowest was'investing the articles in stock'. Conclusion: The results of study showed that coordinators were doing various duties and tasks and they felt burden from their work and were in confusion. The results of this study can be used to develop training programs for coordinators and evaluation-scale of the coordinators' job performance as the basic data.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.853-865
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop and to analyze the task of gerontological nurse practitioners (GNPs) in Korea. Methods: The definition of GNP and job description was developed based on developing a curriculum (DACUM) by 7 panels who have experienced in DACUM analysis and gerontological nursing. One hundred sixty nurses who were working at long term care facilities were participated. The questionnaire included frequency, importance, and difficulty of duties, tasks, and task elements. The data were collected in November 2006, analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: The job description of GNPs in Korea revealed 5 duties, 23 tasks, and 86 task elements. On the all five duties, the highest duty in frequency and in importance was professional nursing care ($3.25{\pm}0.35$, $3.49{\pm}0.29$). But the highest duty in difficulty was research ($3.24{\pm}0.46$). 'Prevent health problem ($3.42{\pm}0.43$, $3.56{\pm}0.33$)', 'Teach other staffs ($2.83{\pm}0.77$, $3.39{\pm}0.43$)', 'Develop the evidence-based standards ($2.43{\pm}0.76$, $3.22{\pm}0.43$)', 'Develop the self ($2.81{\pm}0.65$, $3.26{\pm}0.42$)', and 'Participate the team activities' were the highest score in frequency and in criticality of tasks. 'Provide emotional support to older adults and families ($3.16{\pm}0.41$)', 'Counsel older adults and their families ($3.14{\pm}0.49$)', 'Do clinical research ($3.32{\pm}0.49$)', 'Quality insurance ($3.25{\pm}0.49$)', and 'Build collaborative system ($3.18{\pm}0.47$)' were perceived the most difficult tasks. Conclusion: The political efforts for the legislation of role and task of GNPs were needed.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.593-599
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• 2012

Objective: This study aims to implement a non-contact gesture-based interface for presentation purposes and to analyze the effect of the proposed interface as information transfer assisted device. Background: Recently, research on control device using gesture recognition or speech recognition is being conducted with rapid technological growth in UI/UX area and appearance of smart service products which requires a new human-machine interface. However, few quantitative researches on practical effects of the new interface type have been done relatively, while activities on system implementation are very popular. Method: The system presented in this study is implemented with KINECT$^{(R)}$ sensor offered by Microsoft Corporation. To investigate whether the proposed system is effective as a presentation support tool or not, we conduct experiments by giving several lectures to 40 participants in both a traditional lecture room(keyboard-based presentation control) and a non-contact gesture-based lecture room(KINECT-based presentation control), evaluating their interests and immersion based on contents of the lecture and lecturing methods, and analyzing their understanding about contents of the lecture. Result: We check that whether the gesture-based presentation system can play effective role as presentation supporting tools or not depending on the level of difficulty of contents using ANOVA. Conclusion: We check that a non-contact gesture-based interface is a meaningful tool as a sportive device when delivering easy and simple information. However, the effect can vary with the contents and the level of difficulty of information provided. Application: The results presented in this paper might help to design a new human-machine(computer) interface for communication support tools.