• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.6 no.1 s.19
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

This study tries to propose the most effective pavement texture method through the performance evaluation of variable texture methods. Noise 2$\sim$3dB is reduced in the section of uniform space 18m longitudinal tinning. This result is proved by comparing the magnitude of noise in two sections. The noise of 26mm longitudinal firming section is greater than that of 18mm section by 2$\sim$3dB(A). The skid resistances measured in all test section show the reasonable results. The roughness or all the test sections satisfies AASHTO roughness standard (PrI 16cm/km). The result or questionnaire survey about driving quality shows that the longitudinal tinning is the most effective method. As the result of a visual measurement, it is proved that the section applied uniform space 26mm longitudinal tinning and the general section applied uniform space 26mm transverse tinning could drain water effectively. As the result of analysis with the ranking method, the 18mm longitudinal tinning in selected as one of the most effective tinning methods. In addition, 26mm longitudinal tinning, random space transverse tinning, and transverse drag are selected in order.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.6 s.97
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• pp.615-621
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• 2005

In this paper, a model for simulating synthetic aperture radar(SAR) images of earth surfaces. The earth surfaces include forest area, rice crop field, other agricultural fields, grass field, road, and water surface. At first, the backscattering models are developed for bare soil surfaces, water surfaces, short vegetation fields such as rice fields and grass field, other agriculture areas, and forest areas. Then, the SAR images are generated from the digital elevation model(DEM) and digital terrain map. The DTM includes ten parameters, such as soil moisture, surface roughness, canopy height, leaf width, leaf length, leaf density, branch length, branch density, trunk length, and trunk density, if applicable. The scattering models are verified with measurements, and applied to generate an SAR image for an area.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.8 no.3 s.29
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• pp.39-48
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• 2006

A laboratory investigation was conducted wherein smooth, rounded, siliceous river gravel aggregates were coated with fine-grained polyethylene, carpet co-product, or cement + styrene butadiene rubber latex and used to prepare hot mix asphalt concrete specimens. Only the coarse (+ No.4) aggregates were coated. The concept was that the coatings would enhance surface roughness of the aggregates and, thus, produce asphalt mixtures with superior engineering properties. Hot mix asphalt specimens were prepared and evaluated using several standard and non-standard test procedures. Based on experiences during the coating processes and analyses of these limited test results, the following was concluded: All three aggregate coating materials increased Hveem and Marshall stability, tensile strength, and resilient modulus(stiffness). These findings are indicative of improved resistance to rutting and cracking in hot mix asphalt pavements prepared using coated gravel aggregates in comparison to similar uncoated gravel aggregates.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

PURPOSES : The PMS(Pavement Management System) has been utilized in order to efficiently allocate the limited budget for the maintenance of national highway system. In the PMS of national highway, surface pavement condition is evaluated by using the VI (Visual Index). However, the VI is determined only by considering the cracking rate (%) and rut depth (mm), which is not reflecting the IRI (International Roughness Index) that is known as an important factor of pavement performance. In this study, the NHPCI (National Highway Pavement Condition Index) which includes the cracking rate (%), rut depth (mm), and IRI (m/km) is suggested for determining the rehabilitation methods group. METHODS : First, the rehabilitation methods performed between 2008 and 2010 on the national highway is classified and then, NHPCI is determined for each rehabilitation method. Next, the NHPCI for each rehabilitation method is grouped through the interval estimation of the population mean and T-test analysis. RESULTS : According to NHPCI range, the rehabilitation methods are divided into four categories: Not Required, Preventive Maintenance, Overlay Treatment (with or without cutting), and Full-scale Treatment (i.e., reconstruction). CONCLUSIONS : Based on this study, it is recommended that the appropriate NHPCI range should be determined through the combination of the rehabilitation categories and Decision Procedure of Pavement Distress Condition Visual Index.

• Composites Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.141-153
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• 2023

This review paper presents an introduction of contact mechanics and rubber friction theory for sliding friction of elastomer composites in contact with rough surfaces. Particularly, Klüppel & Heinrich theory considers the self-affine (or fractal) characteristic for rough surfaces to predict adhesion and hysteresis frictions of elastomers based on the contact mechanics of Greenwood & Williamson. Due to dynamic excitation process of elastomer composites while sliding in contact with multiscale surface roughness (or asperity), viscoelastic properties in a wide frequency range becomes major contributor to friction behaviors. A brief description and examples are provided to construct a viscoelastic master curve considering nonlinear viscoelasticity of elastomer composites. Finally, application of rubber friction theory to tire tread compounds in traction with road surfaces is discussed with several experimental and theoretical results.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.145-163
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• 2024

The evaluation of dynamic characteristics of bridges under operational traffic loads is a crucial aspect of bridge structural health monitoring. In the vehicle-bridge interaction (VBI) system, the vibration responses of bridge exhibit time-varying characteristics. To address this issue, an accurate time-frequency analysis method that combines the autoregressive power spectrum based empirical wavelet transform (AR-EWT) and local maximum synchrosqueezing transform (LMSST) is proposed to identify the time-varying instantaneous frequencies (IFs) of the bridge in the VBI system. The AR-EWT method decomposes the vibration response of the bridge into mono-component signals. Then, LMSST is employed to identify the IFs of each mono-component signal. The AR-EWT combined with the LMSST method (AR-EWT+LMSST) can resolve the problem that LMSST cannot effectively identify the multi-component signals with weak amplitude components. The proposed AR-EWT+LMSST method is compared with some advanced time-frequency analysis techniques such as synchrosqueezing transform (SST), synchroextracting transform (SET), and LMSST. The results demonstrate that the proposed AR-EWT+LMSST method can improve the accuracy of identified IFs. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method are validated through a multi-component signal, a VBI numerical model with a four-degree-of-freedom half-car, and a VBI model experiment. The effect of vehicle characteristics, vehicle speed, and road surface roughness on the identified IFs of bridge are investigated.