• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.1237-1244
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• 2016

Vehicle classification system in domestic tollgates is usually to use treadle sensor for calculating wheel width and tread of the vehicle. Due to the impact that occurs when the wheels of the vehicle contact, treadle sensor requires high durability. Recently, KHC(Korea Highway Corporation) began operating high-speed lane for cargo truck. High-speed cargo truck generate more impact the design criteria of previous treadle. Therefore, an increase in the maintenance and management costs of the treadle damage is concerned. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to classify vehicles using non-contact treadle sensors for improving durability from physical impacts. This was based on the KHC's classification criteria and showed a classification accuracy of 99.5 % in one experiment with 1892 vehicles through Changwon tollgate in 1020 local road. Therefore, it shows that vehicle classification system using non-contact treadle sensor could be applied to domestic toll tollgates, effectively.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.75 no.4
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• pp.519-527
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• 2020

Dynamic analysis of a vehicle-track coupling system is important to structural design, damage detection and condition assessment of the structural system. Deterministic analysis of the vehicle-track coupling system has been extensively studied in the past, however, the structural parameters of the coupling system have uncertainties in engineering practices. It is essential to treat the parameters of the vehicle-track coupling system with consideration of uncertainties. In this paper, a method for predicting the bounds of the vehicle-track coupling system responses with uncertain parameters is presented. The uncertain system parameters are modeled as fuzzy variables instead of conventional random variables with known probability distributions. Then, the dynamic response functions of the coupling system are transformed into a component function based on the high dimensional representation approximation. The Lagrange interpolation method is used to approximate the component function. Finally, the bounds of the system's dynamic responses can be predicted by using Monte Carlo method for the interpolation polynomials of the Lagrange interpolation function. A numerical example is introduced to illustrate the ability of the proposed method to predict the bounds of the system's dynamic responses, and the results are compared with the direct Monte Carlo method. The results show that the proposed method is effective and efficient to predict the bounds of the system's dynamic responses with fuzzy variables.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.184-189
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• 2007

In case of Korea Social cost by road traffic accident came to about 15 trillion per year and to 2.15% of GDP, a day about 20 person death to traffic accident and those damage scale reach out about 7 billions. Concretely, according to OECD traffic accident comparison on July 2005 (2003 statistical analysis), in korea, 7,212 Person were dead. This describe that the sacrifice numbers of traffic accident is 26 level of OECD 26 countries, the dead of traffic accident on children 100,000 persons is 25 level of OECD 25 countries. It is contrast to other developed countries. In the meantime, korea government executed various traffic policies to reduce traffic accident and depending on those policies, even if, there were epochal progressive phenomena the concerns of citizens which felt on franc accident is very deficient. On this research, traffic accident state of taking place of Gowangju.Jeonnam province was analysed depend on jeonnam province police station materials and want to suggest appropriate traffic safty counterplan propose. This subject was analysed traffic accident according the death with analysing per month, day, hour, and suggest counterplan depending on traffic accident analysis result on 2004. 2005 years.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.293-307
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• 1998

This study has been divided into two parts, 1) literature review and 2) a case study. Based on literature review and case studies found in Korea and abroad, this study aimed at classifying wildlife passages and establishing their development procedures in order to establish a theoretical ground for the development of wildlife passage as a way to link habitats that have been fragmented by the construction of roads and other developments. The results of the literature review are as follows : 1) Impact of road construction on surrounding ecological environment is found in various aspects. Along with damage of habitats as direct impact, decrease of biodiversity and simplification of species due to limited breeding and movement are cited as possible indirect impact. 2) In order to lessen the impact generated from fragmented habitats, various types of wildlife passage are being developed in Europe and are showing positive results. 3) In Korea, interests on animal passages have been rising recently. The ministry of Environment and local authorities are establishing development plans for the passages. However, practical materials on the usefulness of adoped methods are not available.4) In order to create an effective wildlife passage, decisions have to be made first on basic factors of planning and designing such as ecosystem rehabilitation methods and surveys on wildlife movement routes and habitat environment. Based on this, in a planning and designing stage, the location and type of a passage, size and measures to attract animals and prevent a collision need to be finalized. This should be followed by a series of process of maintenance, management and monitoring after the development. Based on the results of a theoretical study to develop an wildlife passage, Part 2 of this study deals with the results of an experiment through a specific planning and design that includes a process of ecological surveys, site selection, type selection, ecosystem infrastructure, planting design and construction details on an actual study area and presents them as a model project.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2011

This study deals with the traffic accident of arterial link sections in the case of Cheongju. The purpose of the study is to develop the traffic accident model by the function of arterial links. In pursuing the above, this study gives particular attentions to developing the appropriate models using the accident data of main and minor arterial roads divided by 472 small link sections. The main results analyzed are as follows. First, as the t test on the accident characteristics of main and minor arterial roads shows that there are differences in the number of accident and EPDO(equivalent property damage only) between two roads, the development of models by function is analyzed to be appropriate. Second, it is analyzed that ZINB models are all statistically suitable to the number of accident and EPDO of main arterial roads. Third, the analysis shows that EPDOs of minor arterial roads fit to ZINB, and the number of the accident fit to ZIP model. Finally, the common variables of main arterial roads are evaluated to be the traffic volume and the number of inflection point, and those of minor be the average grade.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.19-25
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This purpose of this study is to analyze the effect to autogenous shrinkage of the top-layer material of a two-lift concrete pavement mixing both silica fume and polymer powder. METHODS : The bottom-layer of a two-lift concrete pavement was paved with original portland cement (OPC) with a 20~23 cm thickness. Additionally, the top-layer which is directly exposed to the environment and vehicles was paved with a high-performance concrete (HPC) with a 7~10 cm thickness. These types of pavements can achieve a long service life by reducing joint damage and increasing the abrasion and scaling resistance. In order to integrate the different bottom and top layer materials, autogenous shrinkage tests were performed in this study according to the mixing ratio of silica fume and polymer powder, which are the admixture of the top-layer material. RESULTS : Autogenous shrinkage decreased when polymer powder was used in the mix. Contrary to this, autogenous shrinkage tended to rise with increasing silica fume content. However, the effects were not significant when small amounts of polymer powder were used (3% and 11%). CONCLUSIONS : The durability and compressive strength increase when silica fume is used in the mix. The flexural strength considerably increases and autogenous shrinkage of concrete decreases when polymer powder is used in the mix. As seen from above, the proper use of these materials improves not only durability, but also autogenous shrinkage, leading to better shrinkage crack control in the concrete.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.128-134
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• 2020

Recently, the damages by typhoons and heavy rains are increasing due to the climate change. However, we are still vulnerable to inundation disaster due to various causes such as poor physical flood control and lacks of disaster and safety management. Therefore, it is necessary to establish systems to ensure safety and prepare practical countermeasures that can minimize damage when an inundation occurs, thereby minimizing economic loss and casualty. In this study, hydrodynamic inundation modelings were implemented to analyze the "Noryangjin reservoir inundation accident" and "Choryang No. 1 underground road inundation accident." and spatial risk was assessed by a quantitative hazard index. In addition, cause and effect diagrams were provided to present the risk causes in terms of physical and managemental aspects.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2007

The concrete pavement of the Seohae Highway in Korea has suffered from serious distress, only four to seven years after construction. Deterioration due to Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) has seldom been reported per se in Korea, because the aggregate used for the cement concrete has been considered safe against alkali-silica reaction so far. The purpose of this study is to examine the deterioration caused by an alkali-silica reaction of concrete pavement in Korea. The investigation methods included visual inspection and Automatic Road Analyzer (ARAN) analysis of surface cracks, coring for internal cracks, stereo microscopic analysis, scanning electronic microscope (SEM) analysis, and electron dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) analysis. The results are presented as follows: the crack pattern of the concrete pavement in Korea was longitudinal cracking, map cracking or D-cracking. Local areas of damage were noticed four to five years after construction. The cracks started from edges or joints and spread out to slabs. The most intensive cracking was observed at the intersection of the transverse and longitudinal joints. Where cracking was the most intense, pieces of concrete and aggregate had spalled away from top surface and joint interface area. The progress of deterioration was very fast. The reaction product of alkali-silica gel was clearly identified by its generally colorless, white, or very pale yellow hue seen through a stereo optical microscopy. The typical locations of the reaction product were at the interface between aggregate and cement paste in a shape of a rim, within aggregate particles in the cracks, and in the large void in the cement paste. Most of the white products were found at interface or internal aggregates. SEM and EDX analysis confirmed that the white gel was a typical reaction product of ASR. The ASR gel in Korea mainly consisted of Silicate (Si) and Potassium (K) from the cement. The crack in the concrete pavement was caused by ASR. It seems that Korea is no longer safe from alkali-silica reaction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.227-233
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• 2008

Porous concrete has large continuous voids of 20-30 % by volume, and this concrete is attractive as environmental material in Japan i.e. permeable road pavement, river bank protection with vegetation and green roof system which influence thermal environment. It is necessary to confirm the frost resistance when constructing porous concrete structure in cold region. However applicable test method and evaluation criterion of porous concrete has not defined yet. Therefore, the object of this study is to investigate the frost resistance of porous concrete and this investigation attempts to address this concern by comparing 4 kinds of specified freezing and thawing tests methods (JIS A1148 procedure A/B and RILEM CIF/CDF test) in consideration of actual environment. RILEM freeze-thaw tests are different from JIS A1148 freeze-thaw tests, which are widely adopted for evaluating the frost resistance of conventional concrete in Japan, in water absorption, cooling rate, length of freezing and thawing period, and number of freezing and thawing cycles. RILEM CIF test measures internal damage and is primarily applicable for pure frost attack. CDF test is appropriate for freeze-thaw and de-icing salt attack. JIS A1148 procedure A/B showed extremely low frost resistance of porous concrete if the large continuous voids were filled with water and the ice expansion in the large continuous voids set in during cooling. Frost resistance of porous concrete was improved by mixing coarse aggregate (G7) which particle size is smaller and fine aggregate in JIS freezing and thawing tests. RILEM CIF/CDF test showed that freeze-thaw and de-icing resistance of porous concrete was seems to be superior in that of conventional concrete.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.78-90
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• 2009

Recently, operation of highway is the complex digital Infrastructure based on complicated IT. The application of IT is increasing more and more in digital Infrastructure. Though IT is very convenient, if unpredicted operating risk of highway occurs, widespread damage can be large. When operating risk of highway occurs, road users are out of smoothly-run service because of the operating interruption. This risk causes unpredicted operating management cost and additional maintenance cost. It will excess over the planned operating cost, which may leads to users's unsafety and operator's insolvency because of income loss. Until now, related studies to find out the risk are not sufficient. The purpose of this study is to suggest risk cost items and to estimate the reasonable risk cost by using simulation method in case of occurring the huge power failure at the operating digitalized highway. This study indicates the several plans to hedge against risk cost and the management of highway project. From now on, it will be used as basic data to confirm the soundness of operating system in Digital Infrastructure.