• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.15-20
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• 2017

We are investigated about the Hepatitis infection risk of the funeral director related to wearing PPE(Personal Protect Equipment) within Metropolitan, Chungcheong and Gyeongsang regions in Korea. We are classified that the vaccinated group was classified as low risk group and the non-vaccinated group was classified as high risk group. And we are analyzed the risk rate of infection based on whether or not to wear PPE(personal protective equipment) among high-risk groups. The result is as follows. The mask wearing rate of high-risk group about HAV(hepatitis A virus) is three times lower than that of low-risk group. The surgical glove wearing rate of high-risk group about HBV(hepatitis B virus) is twice lower than that of low-risk group. The surgical glove and mask not wearing rate among the high-risk group observe that potential infection risk was high 4.23 times and 3.5 times, respectively. We are concluded that increasing the risk of potential infection risks from the funeral director could result in increased risk of infection to national public health, including the bereaved family. We are suggested that the funeral director must be bound to vaccinate against hepatitis and make PPE mandatory. It is deemed necessary for the government to develop policies to promote personal health and national health care.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.113-119
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• 2015

This study is to examine the workers' awareness of the safety in logistic centers. For that purpose, the exploratory factor analysis of workers' safety awareness in logistic centers was performed at first, and the 6 variables extracted from the factor analysis were then used to investigate the difference in intergroup awareness of the safety environment in the logistic centers. We administered a survey to 147 workers attending the logistic centers and collected data from them. The results of the study showed that the intergroup awareness of the safety environment turned out to be statistically different from each other in terms of working environment, safe behavior, work risk, safety knowledge and effort, risk justification and compromising attitudes. Experiences in industrial accidents influenced awareness of working environment, work risk and risk justification. The group who experienced accidents is more likely to feel risky and unsatisfied with working place, and their awareness toward risk justification was high as well. It was also observed that there exists awareness difference between manager group and worker group. The group who manages the working place showed more positive awareness of working environment, safe behavior, work risk, safety knowledge and effort, risk justification and compromising attitudes than the worker group. On the contrary, the worker group showed high recognition in risk of working place, and felt that they are willing to compromise on safety for increasing production. The scale of the logistic center produced negative influence on awareness of safety. The group in small logistic center showed the highest awareness in safety, whereas the group in large logistic center with more than 100 workers showed the highest awareness in risk. They are more likely to deviate from correct and safe work procedures due to over-familiarity with the job, as well. The findings suggest that there is a need for the safety management and education to change the workers' understanding and attitudes towards safety.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.167-171
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• 2016

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common medical disorder with serious complications if untreated. Dentists play a vital role in the early diagnosis of this condition, thereby improving patients' prognoses. The purpose of this study was to identify patients with a high risk of OSA using simple cephalometric measurements in patients receiving routine dental care. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 206 patients divided into a high-risk group and a control group after answering the Berlin questionnaire. Cephalometric analysis of a digital cephalogram was performed to measure the upper airway diameter (UAD) and mandibular-to-hyoid bone distance (MP-H) by 2 observers at 2 different times. Results: Among 206 patients, 93 (45%) were included in the high-risk group and 113 (55%) were in the control group. No significant difference was present between the groups with regard to gender, and the patients ranged in age from 18 to 65 years. The UAD measurements in the high-risk group were significantly lower than in the control group, and the MP-H measurements were significantly higher in the high-risk group than in the control group. The UAD was lower in middle-aged patients in both groups. Conclusion: Our study found that the UAD was lower in individuals with a high risk of OSA. Also, we found that middle-aged individuals of both genders were more likely to develop OSA. Dentists play a vital role in diagnosing patients at a high risk for OSA via thorough clinical examinations, risk factor analyses, and simple cephalometric analyses.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 1996

Objects : This study was attempted to evaluate the body image and the self concept in high risk adolescents for eating disorders. Methods 589 middle school students were investigated with EAT(Eating Attitude Test) and BITE(Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh) and Schematic Figures(Child/Adolescent Version) and Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale. According to the score of EAT and BITE, three high risk groups(high EAT group, high BITE group, high EAT & BITE group) were identified. Three groups were examined in terms of sex, weight, self concept and body image. Each group was EAT group, BITE group, EAT & BITE group Results: The results of the study were as follows : 1) EAT & BITE group showed greatest body image distortion. 2) BITE group and EAT & BITE group showed lower score in self concept scale. 3) The majority of EAT group were boys, BITE group and EAT & BITE group were mostly girls. 4) All three high risk groups, especially Bin group, revealed overweight compared with normal control group. Conclusions : High BITE group and high EAT & BITE group could be considered as significantly high risk groups for eating disorders, showing overweight, severe body image distortion, and poor self concept. EAT score alone seemed not to discriminate high risk adolescents for eating disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.124-131
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• 2018

In consideration of limitations of the classic economic approach to risk evaluation and the psychometric analysis of risk perception, this study applies a facilitated modeling technique to a group of college students in Korea. In this group activities, researchers did not provide a pre-selected list of risk items. Instead, 35 participants had group discussions to generate 63 risk items, to rate their risk level and to evaluate their characteristics in terms of the level of knowledge and dreadfulness. This study also analyzes the influence of mass media, online news papers in particular, on risk perception by counting the number of news articles covering key word corresponding risk items generated. The results show that there are significant differences between the rank order of risk items generated by students and that of statistical or objective risk. Psychometric analyses find that the levels of knowledge and dreadfulness have meaningful correlations with risk level. A well known or a dreadful risk demonstrates a high level of risk. Correlation analyses of media coverage and the risk level also re-confirms strong positive relations. The larger number of news articles a risk issue was covered by, the higher level of risk it showed. It means that college students generated risk items on the basis of what they were exposed by media. The role of mass media in risk perception and the importance of risk communication in risk evaluation are underlined. Implications of research findings and future research are discussed as well.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.12
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• pp.4617-4627
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• 2023

Public perception of benefit over risk is the de facto factor in planning, construction, operation, halting, or phase-out of a nuclear power plant in any country. Even if there are multiple pathways of perceiving risk/benefit among different stakeholders, the perception of nuclear and non-nuclear groups needs to be individually tracked to help understand sectoral influence. Related studies were basically performed between the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) and non-STEM groups. However, there are no such studies between the nuclear and non-nuclear groups. This study investigated the risk-benefit perceptions between the nuclear group (N = 102) and the non-nuclear group (N = 467) using survey data to measure their stake and identify the underlying factors by validating the hypotheses, through descriptive analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM). Results showed that risk perception is significantly high in the non-nuclear group (as the P-value is > 0.001 to <0.01) while the benefit perception is slightly low in the nuclear group (as the P-value is > 0.01 to <0.05). The non-nuclear group was significantly influenced by risk perception due to a lack of involvement in nuclear activities. Notably, the nuclear group is less interactive in disseminating nuclear energy benefits to the non-nuclear group. Surprisingly, misperceptions and lack of confidence about the benefits of nuclear energy also exist in the nuclear group. The study emphasizes debunking nuclear myths in the nuclear and non-nuclear groups through meaningful interactions and demands effective public awareness-building programs by competent authorities for the growth of the nuclear industry.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.975-984
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• 2013

This study is performed to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among male workers and to identify the relationships with many related factors including anthropometry, hematological index, serum lipid level, dietary-related behaviors and health-related behaviors. According to the age groups, the 20s are significantly higher in normal and risk groups than in the metabolic syndrome (MS) group, the 30s are significantly higher in MS group than the other groups. The levels of AST and ${\gamma}$-GTP both show significant differences in the order of MS group ($30.3{\pm}8.8U/l$, $91.1{\pm}40.2U/l$) > risk group ($25.7{\pm}8.1U/l$, $41.8{\pm}20.2U/l$) > normal group ($22.8{\pm}6.0U/l$, $26.6{\pm}10.7U/l$). For the frequency of breakfast consumption, the response of 'Every day' is significantly higher in MS group than normal and risk groups, but the response of 'Not at all' is significantly higher in normal group than MS and risk groups. The drinking amount is positively correlated with ${\gamma}$-GTP in normal group, and it is negatively correlated with the hematocrit level, but it is positively correlated with the systolic blood pressure in MS group. AST is positively correlated with glucose concentrations of the MS group. The ALT is positively correlated with waist circumferences and systolic blood pressure in the risk group. The results of this study show that breakfast frequency, education level, drinking amount, drinking frequency, exercise frequency, AST, ALT and ${\gamma}$-GTP levels are all important risk factors of MS. Therefore, it is very important to maintain a healthy life style for the prevention of MS incidence.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2004

Purpose: Several risk factors related with chronic complications and mortality related with liver injury of mushroom poisoning were reported. But, there were few reports about the long term outcomes. The aim was to evaluate the long term clinical outcomes in mushroom poisoning regarding the risk factors. Methods: Clinical data were reviewed and outcomes were evaluated with medical records and/or telephone interviews. The patients who had one or more risk factors such as markedly elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), prolonged prothrombin time (PT) were classified into high risk group. Patients had no risk factor classified into low risk group. Results: From June 1989 to December 2003, nineteen mushroom poisoning patients admitted to Asan Medical Center, seven were male, and mean age was $58\pm9$ years old. All the patients accidentally ingested and the interval from ingestion to symptom onset was $9\pm4$ hours. There were four patients in high risk group, and fifteen in low risk group. In high risk group, peak AST was $2,263.3\pm1,303.0IU/L$most prolonged PT was $38.0\pm27.4\%$, and stuporous mental status was shown in one patient. In low risk group, laboratory values returned to the normal values but histological evaluation revealed specific features of toxic hepatitis on sixth hospital day. Chronic complications such as persistent or chronic hepatitis, mortality was not occurred during follow up period (from 10 months to 16 years) in both groups. Conclusion: Although the number of patients were small, there were no chronic complications or mortality related with liver injury after mushroom poisoning regardless risk factors of chronic complications and mortality.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.339-351
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to inquire into how children's internet addiction is affected by home environments, computing environments, parental marital conflicts, parenting attitudes and parental monitoring and control as perceived by children. The study was conducted on 579 sixth graders at elementary schools located in Daejeon City. The data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, $X^2$, one way ANOVA, and scheffe analysis using the SPSS 18.0 version program. The results were as follows: first, out of 579 students, 5.0% were classified as at high-risk for addiction; 22.8% as at potential-risk; 72.2% as normal. Second, in the high-risk group, boys accounted for a higher percentage compared to girl students. Mothers' academic backgrounds and fathers' occupations affected the children's internet addiction. Third, the high-risk group tended to use the internet in internet cafes, to use it before going to elementary school, to use it for at least 4 hours once, and to use it to play games. Fourth, the high-risk group perceived parents marital conflicts as more frequent and more severer, as compared to other groups. Fifth, while the high-risk group perceived parenting attitudes as negative, the normal group perceived them as positive. Sixth, the potential-risk group and the normal group perceived parental monitoring and control as more frequent, as compared to the high-risk group.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.402-413
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate Apolipoprotein E phenotypes and the relationship among lipid levels, nutrient intakes, lifestyles and risk factors between subjects with and without hyperlipidemic risk. The data were collected from 675 industrial male workers who had completed annual medical examination. Compared to the normal group, the hyperlipidemic risk group in Apo E3 and E4 had significantly higher BMI (p < 0.05) and showed significantly higher body fat (%), waist circumference and WHR in all types of Apo E (p < 0.05). In addition, the hyperlipidemic risk group had significantly higher total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and AI than the normal group in all types of Apo E (p < 0.05). Intakes of protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C and niacin in Apo E3 were significantly lower in the hyperlipidemic risk group than in the normal group (p < 0.05). In the logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for other factors, Apo E2 + E4, waist and WHR were the significant risk factors associated with hyperlipidemia, but protein intakes were associated with significantly lower risks of hyperlipidemia (p < 0.05). In conclusion, genetic factor (Apo E2 or Apo E4), anthropometric index and nutrient intake seem to influence hyperlidemic risk. Further studies and efforts will be needed to evaluate the independent relationships among hyperlipidemic risk factors.